基于48000载重吨教学实习船的动力学结构优化

本文以48 000载重吨教学实习船为研究对象,采用通用有限元软件MSC.Patran/Nastran进行全船频响分析。全船有限元计算条件要求极高,而一般情况下又存在各种资料的限制或实验数据的缺失,因而会使得计算精度较低。本文介绍利用基本的设计资料的条件下,从模态参与系数角度结合模态振型提出一种新的动力学结构优化思路,并进行计算分析以验证该方法的可行性与准确性,为全船有限元振动分析提供新的研究思路。     

45万吨级超大型矿砂船全船结构有限元分析

超大型矿砂船由于船体结构的特殊性和船体本身的超大型化,使船体强度校核很难用常规规范中的梁理论方法或舱段有限元计算确定.在研究超大型矿砂船全船分析的基础上,探讨了超大型矿砂船全船结构有限元模型和质量模型的建模方法、波浪载荷和舱内货物载荷计算方法及解决全船载荷动态平衡的惯性平衡处理技术.以一条45万吨级的超大型矿砂船为例,完整实现了全船有限元分析全过程,计算出各个工况下的船体变形和应力,对正确地进行超大型矿砂船全船结构强度直接计算具有指导作用.     

集装箱船振动及响应分析

介绍了模态频率响应有限元计算方法的基本理论,以多用途集装箱船为目标船,通过建立全船三维有限元模型,用频率响应法得到船体结构的振动响应.文中还讨论了激励与响应关系、水动质量、阻尼、频率响应计算有效频率数选取等问题,以精确预报船体结构振动及响应.本文采用的分析计算方法对目标船结构振动及响应预报值,与实船试验数据具有很好的一致性.     

滚装船的弯扭强度全船有限元分析

由于滚装船有着不同于常规船舶的结构特点,有必要对其进行全船弯扭强度精确计算.本文以一艘1万吨级的滚装船为研究对象,应用DNV的SESAM软件建立全船有限元模型,并进行波浪随机载荷的长期预报,然后在此基础上导出设计波参数组,最后在全船有限元模型上计算了船体结构在各设计波上的应力分布和变形结果.通过全船模型的有限元计算,获得了该船结构强度的详细信息.对滚装船的设计和强度分析有一定的参考价值.     

基于设计波法的全回转风电起重船总纵强度分析

本文以某全回转风电起重船为研究对象,根据典型工况建立全船有限元模型。采用设计波法计算船体波浪载荷并施加在模型上,然后对全船总纵强度进行计算分析,得到典型工况下全船的应力评估结果。本文的研究结论对于同类型船舶的优化设计具有一定参考价值。     

大型滚装船弯扭强度整船有限元分析

以大型滚装船为研究对象,采用现代的三维全船有限元分析技术及DNV船级社的SESAM软件系统,为全面研究整船弯扭强度,建立了全船有限元结构模型、质量模型、水动力计算模型;应用三维辐射—绕射理论和有限元程序进行波浪载荷的长期预报,在此基础上确定设计波参数;对全船结构有限元模型在设计波载荷作用下分析计算得到各种工况下船体结构的应力、变形响应,获得船体结构强度特点,对该类船舶的结构设计优化和强度分析有一定的参考价值,同时对其他类型船舶弯扭强度全船有限元分析有借鉴意义。     

渔船全船振动的数值模拟

利用MSC.PATRAN有限元软件建立42m拖网渔船全船三维有限元模型。以脉动压力、轴承力和主机激振力三种激振力为激励,利用MSC.NASTRAN对全船进行强迫振动分析,计算船舶结构的瞬态响应。通过结构的加速度、速度及位移计算结果与振动基准进行比较,然后得出全船结构的振动情况。最后对船舶进行局部减振分析,并比较减振措施的减振效果。     

基于Patran的高速小水线面双体船有限元结构强度分析

利用有限元软件MSC.Patran建立了全船有限元模型.针对小水线面双体船的结构特点提出了总纵弯矩、总横弯矩和水平扭矩等几种载荷的计算公式以及各种不同载荷的组合工况加载方法,对双体船进行有限元数值分析,得到全船的应力及其分布位置.其研究结果为船身减重和局部结构加强作了准备,并为结构设计人员全面、合理地进行强度分析提供了有效参考.本文创新地采取了以全船有限元建模的方式对小水线面双体船的结构强度进行数值模拟,根据应力分布云图进行总体结构优化.     

船舶总振动固有频率实用算法

分别用一维梁有限元方法和三维有限元方法计算3艘实船总振动固有频率,对计算结果进行统计分析,提出对一维梁有限元方法计算结果的修正,利用110000t油船进行验证。用一维梁有限元方法计算时考虑剪切滞后影响系数;用三维有限元方法计算时,是在ANSYS软件中建立全船的三维空间有限元模型,进行模态分析。通过计算证明该方法能有效改进一维梁有限元计算方法,可快速准确地预报船舶总振动固有频率。     

VLGC全船结构有限元分析研究

超大型全冷式液化气船（VLGC）由于其结构的复杂特性,需进行全船结构有限元分析以准确评估结构强度。本文对VLGC全船有限元分析方法、流程进行了研究,对一系列技术关键点进行了讨论,并结合目标船进行FEA建模和计算分析工作。对计算结果进行了分析和讨论,得出相关结论,对该类复杂船型的主船体结构、支承系统以及A型独立液货舱的设计具有重要参考意义和指导作用。     

风电安装船风暴自存下总体性能分析研究

随着海上风电的快速发展,风电安装船作为建设海上风电场的关键设备得到了广泛应用,由于其工作于恶劣的海洋环境中,保证其安全尤为重要。本文针对一自升式风电安装船,探讨了其在风暴自存下的载荷种类和计算方法,应用ANSYS软件建立了整体结构的有限元模型,通过施加相应的边界条件和外载荷,对其总体性能包括全船结构强度、锁紧结构承载性能、预压载性能、抗倾稳性及桩靴承载性能进行了分析。分析结果表明,风电安装船在风暴自存工况下总体性能满足使用要求。论文研究成果可为同类船型的设计分析提供参考。     

Bi-fidelity Kriging model for reliability analysis of the ultimate strength of stiffened panels

A method based on a Bi-fidelity Kriging model is proposed for structural reliability analysis. It is based on adding low-fidelity data samples to the model to predict high-fidelity values, thus saving computational effort. Distance Correlation develops the correlation between the low and high-fidelity functions, initially proposed to assess the correlation between two variables. The bi-fidelity Kriging response surface model's efficiency as a surrogate model will be assessed for structural reliability problems that demand high computational costs, such as nonlinear finite element analysis structural models. The efficiency assessment is performed by comparing the accuracy of the failure probability predictions based on the Subset Simulation and First-order reliability method using the Bi-fidelity Kriging model as a surrogate for the performance function. The idea is illustrated by considering a representative component of marine structures analyzed by finite element analysis to create bi-fidelity scenarios to assess structural reliability with many variables. The results show that the proposed multi-fidelity method can provide an accurate failure probability estimation with less computational cost.     

大型船舶推进轴系与船体变形耦合响应分析

船舶大型化使得船体变形对推进轴系的影响越来越突出。在研究大型集装箱船的基础上,采用有限元法探讨了大型集装箱船全船结构有限元模型和推进轴系的建模方法,波浪载荷计算方法以及轴系振动响应分析技术。以一艘8530TEU集装箱船为研究对象,实现了全船有限元分析全过程,对不同工况下推进轴系轴承支撑点处的船体变形进行了计算分析与讨论。采用ANSYS软件建立轴系有限元模型,施加不同的船体变形激励对轴系振动响应进行了分析。研究结果对轴系减振及避振措施具有一定的参考意义。     

82000dwt散货船结构强度有限元分析

为优化升级主流船型,对82000dwt散货船作了船体结构强度的有限元分析。首先根据2005年美国船级社规范,评估母型船的结构强度。其次根据散货船共同结构规范2008版及2009版,对开发的新船型进行了货舱结构的整体有限元分析和疲劳敏感区域精细网格有限元分析。计算结果表明,母型船的结构强度满足旧的规范要求,新船型的结构需要进行加强,新规范的修订有利于船舶结构设计的优化。     

Development of a finite element modeling system for ship structures

In ship structural design, many structural analyses by the finite element method are carried out on models at several different scale levels; for example, a whole ship, cargo hold parts, and detailed structures. However, one serious problem with this design and analysis process is that the generation of the finite element models for a complex configuration is very difficult and laborious. To overcome this problem, an object oriented, finite element modeling system, MODIFY, has been developed by the authors. In this paper, the concept of the finite element modeling system and the techniques for the construction of the system are explained. First, the object oriented data structure of the system, based on the Part-Object concept, is proposed. In this concept, not only the geometry of the domain but also the analytical conditions, such as boundary conditions and material properties, and the finite element model, are represented by the object oriented data structure. By using this data structure, effective finite element model generation can be expected. Second, a mesh generation algorithm based on the frontal method is described. The original frontal method by S.H. Lo was improved for application to three-dimensional curved surfaces. A new inner node placement technique to make quadrilateral elements around stress concentrated areas is also proposed. These techniques are suitable for ship structures, and more accurate results from the finite element analysis can be expected. Moreover, the parallel mesh generation is implemented in MODIFY by using the client-server concept to accelerate mesh generation. Third, a prototype system for the automatic finite element model generation for different analysis levels is proposed. The system is based on the concept of the PD part, which is the part in the design and production stage, and automatic computing of the intersection between PD parts. The validity of this system is demonstrated by some examples.     

港口连续卸船机结构有限元分析中的模型旋转技术研究

针对某系列港口连续卸船机,结合MSC.Patran前后处理器和MSC.Acumen平台实现了该系列卸船机有限元分析的前处理,并将模型旋转方法应用于卸船机有限元分析中,借助该方法从基本模型旋转产生各种工况需要的计算模型,设定载荷和工况后进行批处理分析,避免了手工分析大量重复的前处理工作。     

A regression and beam theory based approach for fatigue assessment of containership structures including bending and torsion contributions

Container shipping has been expanding dramatically during the last decade. Due to their special structural characteristics, such as the wide breadth and large hatch openings, horizontal bending and torsion play an important role to the fatigue safety of containerships. In this study the fatigue contributions from vertical bending, horizontal bending and torsion are investigated using full-scale measurements of strain records on two containerships. Further, these contributions are compared to results from direct calculations where a nonlinear 3D panel method is used to compute wave loads in time domain. It is concluded that both bending and torsion have significant impacts on the fatigue assessment of containerships. The stresses caused by these loads could be correctly computed by full-ship finite element analysis. However, this requires large computational effort, since for fatigue assessment purposes the FE analysis needs to be carried out for all encountered sea states and operational conditions with sufficient time steps for each condition. In this paper, a new procedure is proposed to run the structure finite element analysis under only one sea condition for only a few time steps. Then, these results are used to obtain a relationship between wave loads and structural stresses through a linear regression analysis. This relation can be further used to compute stresses for arbitrary sea states and operational conditions using the computed wave loads (bending and torsion moments) as input. Based on this proposed method for structure stress analysis, an efficient procedure is formulated and found to be in very good agreement with the full-ship finite element analysis. In addition it is several orders of magnitude more time efficient for fatigue assessment of containership structures.     

海上自升式平台动力分析方法研究(英文)

A jack-up platform,with its particular structure,showed obvious dynamic characteristics under complex environmental loads in extreme conditions.In this paper,taking a simplified 3-D finite element dynamic model in extreme storm conditions as research object,a transient dynamic analysis method was proposed,which was under both regular and irregular wave loads.The steps of dynamic analysis under extreme conditions were illustrated with an applied case,and the dynamic amplification factor(DAF) was calculated for each response parameter of base shear,overturning moment and hull sway.Finally,the structural response results of dynamic and static were compared and analyzed.The results indicated that the static strength analysis of the Jack-up Platforms was not enough under the dynamic loads including wave and current,further dynamic response analysis considering both computational efficiency and accuracy was necessary.     

Fatigue analysis of ship structures with hinged deck design by finite element method. A case study: Fatigue analysis of the primary supporting members of 4900 PCTC

In the design phase of a 4900 PCTC (Pure Car/Truck Carrier) with hinged deck design, fatigue behavior and fatigue life is investigated for various structural details. The global finite element analysis shows high local stress concentrations at the connections of various details. In this article, the detailed analysis of the investigation of fatigue analysis and fatigue life of the connection between the vertical side web and the main deck (deck 5) of the entire vessel is performed according to Det Norske Veritas (DNV) Rules. In order to achieve more accurate results, three types of finite element analysis (global finite element model, fine-mesh finite element model and stress concentration models) are hierarchically used. The investigation for finite element analysis for fatigue analysis is based on the approach using hot spot stresses.     

船艉结构三维有限元动力分析

以艉部结构为例,阐述对船体结构进行三维有限元动力分析的基本过程和关键技术。建立艉部结构三维有限元模型,使用Fluent软件计算螺旋桨脉动压力,采用Helmholtz方法计算附连水质量;为了消除局部模态的干扰,使用模态参与因子提取结构的整体模态;计算结构的固有频率、模态、速度和加速度等动力学参数。实例分析表明所采用的分析方法能够准确预报结构的振动特性。