山区公路路线多目标优化设计

山区公路地形地质条件复杂,路线设计受到的制约因素较多,选线时需要综合考虑安全、费用、环保、舒适等多个目标.考虑到多目标间的冲突性,提出采用多目标遗传算法进行山区公路路线优化.利用此算法能在兼顾安全、经济、舒适、环保的目标下,给出一序列最优解,为路线方案决策提供直接依据.     

高速动车组谱系化技术研究平台初探

高端装备制造业是我国未来一个时期经济发展支柱,而高速动车组是拉动国内经济发展和走向国际市场的领军产品,高速动车组技术平台是设计、制造动车组的技术保障,本文结合国际高速动车组装备技术的发展趋势,依据需求多样化、设计制造一体化、技术体系可定制化、标准体系国际化的发展方向,提出未来高速动车组产品谱系化类型及关键技术,通过谱系化技术研究,构建高速动车组设计制造一体化平台.     

A modified genetic algorithm for product family optimization with platform specified by information theoretical approach

Many existing product family design methods assume a given platform, However, it is not an in-tuitive task to select the platform and unique variable within a product family. Meanwhile, most approachesare single-platform methods, in which design variables are either shared across all product variants or not atall. While in multiple-platform design, platform variables can have special value with regard to a subset ofproduct variants within the product family, and offer opportunities for superior overall design. An informationtheoretical approach incorporating fuzzy clustering and Shannon's entropy was proposed for platform variablesselection in multiple-platform product family. A 2-level chromosome genetic algorithm (2LCGA) was proposedand developed for optimizing the corresponding product family in a single stage, simultaneously determiningthe optimal settings for the product platform and unique variables. The single-stage approach can yield im-provements in the overall performance of the product family compared with two-stage approaches, in which thefirst stage involves determining the best settings for the platform and values of unique variables are found foreach product in the second stage. An example of design of a family of universal motors was used to verify theproposed method.     

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如今企业越来越注重产品的可回收性,由此来推动环境友好型生产。而且由于环境因素和经济因素的影响,逆向物流也越发受到企业重视。逆向物流的有效实施需要建立合理的物流网络结构,以便将退役产品从消费者处收回。退役产品有多种回收再利用方式,如修理、磨光、再制造、选择性回收及材料再生,但是在已有的关于逆向物流网络设计的文献中,都只考虑了一种方式（往往是再制造）。本文设计了一种逆向物流配送网络,同时考虑修理和再制造这两种回收再利用方式。为此建立了一个混合整数规划模型,并通过标准的B&;B方法求解。数值算例的仿真结果表明了该模型的有效性和实用性。     

The Evaluation and Selection of Outsourcing Suppliers in Mass Customization （MC）

Many MC companies find it necessary to cooperate with a large number of outsourcing suppliers to provide MC products according to customers＇ diversified orders. To this end, how to select competitve suppliers for the outsourcing manufacturing of non-core processes is the key to establish strong supply chain ally of MC company as well as make the company more efficient in its core manufacturing processes. A procedure of selecting outsourcing suppliers was presented to identify and find competitive suppliers. The continuous improvement of this procedure was proposed to ensure the optimal supply chain of MC company in the long run. Besides, a multi-criteria evaluation model in the procedure was set up according to MC＇s characteristic with fuzzy multi-criteria methods combined to solve the fuzzy problems of criteria weight and qualitative attribute value. A case study of MC manufacturing company was provided to show that the procedure ,model and methods are effective to select outsourcing suppliers.     

计算机集成制造:CIM=CAD+CAM+MIS

计算机集成制造(CIM)是产品生产过程中计算机辅助设计(CAD)、计算机辅助制造(CAM)和经营管理信息系统(MIS)的组合,是一门新兴的学科.本文对 CIM作了综述,并阐述了 CAM 系统所涉及的任务与范围,以及实现这些任务所应用的技术和方法;也介绍了 CIM 的组成,以及 CIM 系统实例的运作情况,对我国进一步应用计算机技术于生产及其管理具有一定的参考价值.     

基于满意优化的模糊多目标预测控制算法研究

提出了以满意优化取代传统的最优控制对模糊预测控制中的性能指标进行优化的方法。以模糊多目标单步预测模型为例，给出了系统对某一控制目标的满意优化控制算法，并在此基础上提出了基于满意优化的模糊多目标预测控制算法。     

出口刚果(布)80t凹底平车制造技术分析

通过对凹底平车成形、组装焊接制造工艺和结构难点分析,确定了板材拼接采用焊条电弧焊,其它焊缝主要采用焊丝气体保护和自动化焊接设备及凹底架心盘预制12 mm上挠度和小底架心盘预制5 mm上挠度的制造工艺,并介绍了凹底架组成及小底架组成的焊接原则和顺序.实践证明,该工艺行之有效,凹底平车的组装质量和焊接质量均满足产品图纸及技术条件要求.     

基于模糊理论的车辆变刚度弹簧组可靠性优化设计

为提高变刚度弹簧组的设计质量,在传统优化设计方法的基础上,应用模糊设计理论和可靠性设计理论,建立了当弹簧应力和强度分别为随机变量和模糊变量时,综合考虑静强度、疲劳强度、稳定性、质量等因素的变刚度弹簧组的模糊可靠性优化设计模型.以货车某新型变刚度弹簧组为研究对象,利用建立的模型对其进行了优化设计分析,计算结果显示,空重车静挠度分别比原设计方案提高了5.4和3.2 mm,同时还使其总质量降低了约15.8%,表明所建立的模糊可靠性优化设计模型能满足设计要求.      

提高铁路旅客满意度的模糊分析及策略研究

从铁路旅客运输的特点和消费者满意度的主观特性出发,分析了影响铁路旅客满意度的主要因素.并采用模糊综合评价方法,结合铁路旅客问卷调查结果,对目前铁路旅客满意度水平进行了综合评价.并就如何提高和改进铁路运输服务质量和服务水平、提高铁路运输的综合竞争力提出了相关建议措施.     

Memory based scheme to monitor non-random small shift patterns in manufacturing process

Consistent high-quality and defect-free production is the demand of the day. The product recall not only increases engineering and manufacturing cost but also affects the quality and the reliability of the product in the eye of users. The monitoring and improvement of a manufacturing process are the strength of statistical process control. In this article we propose a process monitoring memory-based scheme for continuous data under the assumption of normality to detect small non-random shift patterns in any manufacturing or service process.The control limits for the proposed scheme are constructed. The in-control and out-of-control average run length(AVL) expressions have been derived for the performance evaluation of the proposed scheme. Robustness to non-normality has been tested after simulation study of the run length distribution of the proposed scheme, and the comparisons with Shewhart and exponentially weighted moving average(EWMA) schemes are presented for various gamma and t-distributions. The proposed scheme is effective and attractive as it has one design parameter which differentiates it from the traditional schemes. Finally, some suggestions and recommendations are made for the future work.     

论知识经济时代的汽车产品

知识经济是21世纪的全新经济模式，它的出现给汽车产品制造（经营）企业的发展提出了新的课题。本文从知识经济的一般特点和规律出发，探讨了汽车产品制造（经营）企业在知识经济时代的市场营销活动的特点，给出了在知识经济时代背景下汽车产品制造（经营）企业开展市场营销活动的指导性意见。     

Development of six sigma concurrent parameter and tolerance design method based on response surface methodology

Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM), an optimizing model of concurrent parameter and tolerance design is proposed where response mean equals its target in the target being best. The optimizing function of the model is the sum of quality loss and tolerance cost subjecting to the variance confidence region of which six sigma capability can be assured. An example is illustrated in order to compare the differences between the developed model and the parameter design with minimum variance. The results show that the proposed method not only achieves robustness, but also greatly reduces cast. The objectives of high quality and low cost of product and process can be achieved simultaneously by the application of six sigma concurrent parameter and tolerance design.     

基于虚拟装配体绑定的产品层次化装配序列生成

装配是产品制造中的重要环节之一.计算机辅助装配顺序的生成为实施快速、灵活、优化的装配,提高装配质量和效率提供有力的支持.任务层次与分解方法的设计是层次任务网规划方法应用的关键技术.文中提出了一种基于虚拟装配体绑定的底层装配操作实施机制,在此基础上建立了产品装配序列生成的任务分解策略.装配实例表明,该方法在产品装配序列生成中具有建模层次清晰、任务分解策略易于制定、装配序列生成比较灵活的特点.     

杯盖模具后置机械手设计

模具是工业生产的基础装备,是制造业的基础产业.塑料制品生产企业设备自动化程度高低也成了衡量企业综合实力的重要标志之一,机械手及其自动化成套设备是国内外极受重视的高新技术应用领域.提出了某杯盖模具后置机械手设计方案,该设计取代了杯盖出模后的人工后处理工序,实现杯盖注塑完成后的后处理一体化和自动化,提高了生产率、保证了产品的合格率.     

基于微分变换的柔性体小变形装配精度分析

在产品设计阶段进行装配精度分析时通常以刚体假设为前提,往往忽略外部载荷、温度变化等载荷因素的影响.在已存在制造误差、装配误差的情况下,载荷因素引起的零件变形会进一步影响装配精度.因此,本文提出了一种同时考虑制造、装配误差和零件变形的装配精度分析模型.该模型首先沿尺寸链将变形的公差特征离散化,在每个节点处建立并固结节点坐标系;然后提取节点的变形信息,对目标特征上的每个节点坐标系进行微分变换,实现误差与变形的综合;最后建立了线性化的综合误差分析模型.研究结果表明:模型不仅克服了传统误差分析模型以刚体假设为前提的局限,得到了零件的局部变形对装配精度的影响,还可极大地减少装配系统几何建模与力学分析的难度和工作量.     

FUZZY METHOD FOR FAILURE CRITICALITY ANALYSIS

IntroductionFailure mode,effect and criticality analysis( FMECA) is a design methodology which putsforward preventive and corrective methods thatmay be taken to improve the reliability of prod-ucts through the analysis of the various potentialfailure modes of the different components of thesystem,their influence on the system and theseverity of their consequences in system design.FMECA is suitable for the study of the influenceof the failure of system components on the sys-tem and can be us…     

基于T-S模糊模型的Kawakami混沌系统的控制

研究了离散Kawakami混沌系统的模糊控制问题,利用单点模糊化、乘积推理和中心平均去模糊化模糊推理方法将Kawakami系统化为T-S模糊模型.在用T-S模糊模型重构了系统结构的基础上,利用反馈控制思想,借助于离散李亚普诺夫稳定性理论,给出了离散T-S模糊模型渐近稳定的充分条件,并设计出了相应的状态反馈控制器.利用线性矩阵不等式,进一步求出了模糊控制器的参数.仿真结果验证了该控制方法的有效性.     

电磁作动器的参数设计及仿真分析

分析了电磁作动器的结构原理,研究了电磁作动器的频响特性,建立了该悬置系统的力学及数学模型。通过仿真的方法对电磁作动器的结构参数变化进行分析,阐述了不同的参数选择对作动器的动力性和其适用的频带宽度产生的影响。为电磁作动器的生产应用提供了理论基础,为不同的发动机能够选择合适的作动器提供了依据。     

公路养护资金分配的多目标模糊优化动态规划分析

路面养护决策时,为了将有限的资金分配到最需要养护的路段,发挥最大的经济效益,通常需要将道路使用者和投资者的效益用不同的指标表示。而各指标之间存在不可公度性,本文通过建立多目标模糊优选动态规划的多目标优化模型,求解具有多个量纲不一的定量评价目标,或者既有定量目标又有定性目标的有限养护资金优化分配问题。通过对实例计算分析,验证了模型的有效性。