舰船用玻璃钢夹层结构设计基础

介绍了舰船玻璃钢夹层结构原材料(包括玻璃钢、聚氨酯泡沫塑料、聚氯乙烯泡沫塑料、胶合板、松木等)的基本性能.作者在进行了大量结构件试验的基础上,结合国内外已有之研究成果,提出了有关舰船玻璃钢夹层结构强度设计中的若干简明而实用的计算公式.局部强度设计包括:弯剪强度;骨材的弯曲强度;纵桁的剪切强度.总体强度设计包括:板的压缩稳定性计算(有面板皱曲失稳计算、芯子剪切弯曲失稳计算、胶合板芯子分层后失稳极限强度计算);舷侧夹层结构板和纵舱壁夹层结构板面内剪切计算;总纵弯曲和舯剖面模数计算.     

游艇泡沫夹层结构有限元分析方法

以一艘泡沫夹层玻璃钢材质双体游艇的帽形骨材结构为研究对象,考虑有芯和无芯两种情况,分别施加相同的边界条件和载荷,强度有限元计算结果表明,有无泡沫芯材两种模型的等效应力、最大剪应力以及最大变形的结果及应力变形分布情况等几乎相同,分析夹层板结构芯材直接计算方法,认为不能用简单的一层板单元代替泡沫芯材夹层板。     

玻璃纤维/树脂复合材料泡沫夹层板弯曲能量耗散机制

[目的]为了解玻璃纤维/树脂复合材料夹层板在弯曲载荷作用下的能量耗散机制,从能量耗散角度开展数值模拟分析和试验研究。[方法]基于有限元软件ABAQUS建立玻璃纤维/树脂复合材料泡沫夹层板的有限元分析模型,对三点弯曲试验中典型的破坏模式和能量耗散机制进行模拟分析,将数值模拟结果与试验结果进行对比。在数值模型有效性分析的基础上,进一步分析面板和夹芯层厚度对玻璃纤维/树脂复合材料泡沫夹层板力学承载性能和能量耗散机制的影响。[结果]结果表明,增加表层复合材料面板厚度能够更大程度地提高玻璃纤维/树脂复合材料泡沫夹层板的比吸能效率。[结论]研究成果可为玻璃纤维/树脂复合材料泡沫夹层结构的工程防护应用设计提供参考,具有一定的理论意义和工程应用价值。     

波纹夹层板固有频率的一阶Zig-Zag理论计算方法

在波纹夹层板微振动时,认为面板不仅承受弯曲作用,还承受剪切作用;心层承受剪切作用,同时仅承受波纹母线方向的弯曲作用。在夹层板的上下面板和心层分别应用一阶Zig-Zag理论,根据波纹心层的具体形状,列出夹层板的几何方程。通过Hamilton原理,建立夹层板的微振动微分方程。根据边界条件,用双傅里叶级数的方法求解方程,确定特征值,求得夹层板的振动频率。经过算例验证,该方法计算的前8阶固有频率与有限元法或其他文献结果相吻合。     

船用玻璃钢/复合材料夹层结构中的泡沫芯材

回顾了船用玻璃钢 /复合材料夹层结构泡沫芯材的历史 ,介绍了夹层结构的工作原理及优点 ,泡沫芯材的性能 ,泡沫芯材的加工以及使用 ,泡沫芯材与巴萨木和蜂窝之间的对比。     

爆炸损伤后U型夹层板剩余强度实验研究

爆炸冲击损伤会对舰船航行和作战造成严重影响,而爆炸后的剩余强度研究对于评估舰船损伤后的生命力具有重要意义。本文以U型折叠式夹层板为研究对象,对水下爆炸冲击损伤后的U型夹层板开展弯曲实验,研究弯曲载荷作用下夹层板在纵、横2个方向的极限承载力和损伤变形模式。根据实验应用有限元软件Abaqus开展数值仿真分析,并把实验和仿真结果进行对比,以验证和完善有限元仿真分析技术,为分析基于夹层板的舰船结构强度提供技术支撑。     

带有大开口的玻璃钢游艇舷侧夹层板架结构强度分析

为了避免玻璃钢游艇在角隅区域产生疲劳裂缝,对船体结构造成危害,需要对该部位进行强度校核。在研究玻璃钢游艇的基础上,用ANSYS软件建立大开口舷侧板架有限元模型,采用层合壳单元处理复合材料和复合材料夹层结构并计算分析其结构强度,试航结果表明,计算结果可靠。     

等效刚度法计算波纹夹层板弯曲变形与应力

[目的]为探索波纹夹层板弯曲问题的计算方法,求解波纹夹层板的弯曲变形与应力,提出一种等效刚度法.[方法]将波纹夹层板中间芯层等效成正交异性体,应用卡氏定理求解芯层的等效弹性模量,最后应用层合板理论计算夹层板的整体刚度.依据夹层板的整体刚度,求解正交异性板的弯曲平衡方程,计算出夹层板的弯曲变形分布;通过求出的变形,应用虎...     

U型激光焊接夹层板极限强度试验研究

激光焊接夹层板因具有优越的力学性能以及众多结构优点在舰船防护结构设计中具有广阔的应用前景。本文以U型激光焊接夹层板为研究对象,设计其激光制造工艺流程,加工得到U型激光焊接夹层板试件;开展夹层板极限强度性能试验,通过试验得到了夹层板横向、纵向弯曲时的极限承载力及相应的变形模式;采用ABAQUS软件模拟试验工况,开展数值仿真研究,通过与试验结果进行比较,验证、完善有限元数值仿真分析技术,研究成果可为夹层板船体结构力学性能分析提供技术支撑。     

U型激光焊接夹层板极限强度试验研究

激光焊接夹层板因具有优越的力学性能以及众多结构优点在舰船防护结构设计中具有广阔的应用前景。本文以U型激光焊接夹层板为研究对象,设计其激光制造工艺流程,加工得到U型激光焊接夹层板试件;开展夹层板极限强度性能试验,通过试验得到了夹层板横向、纵向弯曲时的极限承载力及相应的变形模式;采用ABAQUS软件模拟试验工况,开展数值仿真研究,通过与试验结果进行比较,验证、完善有限元数值仿真分析技术,研究成果可为夹层板船体结构力学性能分析提供技术支撑。     

Ice impact response and energy dissipation characteristics of PVC foam core sandwich plates: Experimental and numerical study

In this paper, the dynamic responses and energy dissipation characteristics of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) foam core sandwich plates under ice impact are investigated. The ice impact tests of PVC foam core sandwich plates were conducted by employing the horizontal impact experimental apparatus. The finite element simulations were conducted to analyze the dynamic response of PVC foam core sandwich plates based on soil and concrete material model for ice impactor. It was demonstrated that numerical results were in good agreement with experimental results. The deformation modes of the top facesheets were coupling of local indentation with global bending deformation, while the deformation modes of bottom facesheets were overall bending deformation. The permanent deformation of face sheets show that the impact resistance of sandwich plate is better than that of equivalent weight hull plate (EWHP). In addition, based on the actual navigation environment of ship, the effect of impact angle and ice floe shape on dynamic response and energy dissipation are analyzed.     

夹层结构玻纤增强塑料双体船直接计算分析

考虑到夹层结构玻纤增强塑料船舶的结构强度数值仿真分析方法与一般钢质海船不同,采用层合板单元模拟玻璃钢复合材料和复合材料夹层结构,并参照中国船级社《海上高速船入级与建造规范》2015的最新要求,对某玻璃钢夹层结构双体游艇进行总强度有限元计算分析及评估,并对不满足规范要求复合材料构件提出改善夹层纤维增强建议。文中采用的分析方法和提出的建议,可为复合材料船舶的结构设计提供参考。     

高性能碳泡沫在纤维增强塑料船体中的应用

夹层结构是FRP/CM(纤维增强塑料)舰船的一个重要发展方向。为适应采用夹层结构高速舰船发展的需要,近年来已开发了多种轻质高性能结构芯材。但现有的结构芯材没有电磁屏蔽性,在舰船的某些特殊应用方面受到限制。本文介绍的这种高性能碳泡沫材料除了具有结构芯材已有的优点,还具有电磁屏蔽性和更高的强度。     

夹层结构玻璃钢游艇整船结构强度有限元分析

目前各大船级社普遍缺乏新颖玻璃钢艇体结构强度的计算规范,因此设计者需要直接计算艇体结构强度。在研究玻璃钢游艇的基础上,用ANSYS软件建立全船有限元模型,采用层合壳单元处理复合材料和复合材料夹层结构并计算分析整船结构强度。分析中所采用的方法对于正确地进行玻璃钢游艇整船直接计算具有指导作用和实用价值。同时所采用的冲击力和水动力加载方法可应用于其他类型的高速艇结构强度的有限元分析。     

Comparison of aluminium sandwiches for lightweight ship structures: Honeycomb vs. foam

The use of lightweight aluminium sandwiches in the shipbuilding industry represents an attractive and interesting solution to the increasing environmental demands. The aim of this paper was the comparison of static and low-velocity impact response of two aluminium sandwich typologies: foam and honeycomb sandwiches. The parameters which influence the static and dynamic response of the investigated aluminium sandwiches and their capacity of energy absorption were analysed. Quasi – static indentation tests were carried out and the effect of indenter shape has been investigated. The indentation resistance depends on the nose geometry and is strongly influenced by the cell diameter and by the skin – core adhesion for the honeycomb and aluminium foam sandwich panels, respectively. The static bending tests, performed at different support span distances on sandwich panels with the same nominal size, produced various collapse modes and simplified theoretical models were applied to explain the observed collapse modes. The capacity of energy dissipation under bending loading is affected by the collapse mechanism and also by the face-core bonding and the cell size for foam and honeycomb panels, respectively. A series of low-velocity impact tests were, also, carried out and a different collapse mechanism was observed for the two typologies of aluminium sandwiches: the collapse of honeycomb sandwiches occurred for the buckling of the cells and is strongly influenced by the cell size, whereas the aluminium foam sandwiches collapsed for the foam crushing and their energy absorbing capacity depends by the foam quality. It is assumed that a metal foam has good quality if it has many cells of similar size without relevant defects. A clear influence of cell size distribution and morphological parameters on foam properties has not yet been established because it has not yet been possible to control these parameters in foam making. The impact response of the honeycomb and foam sandwiches was investigated using a theoretical approach, based on the energy balance model and the model parameters were obtained by the tomographic analyses of the impacted panels. The present study is a step towards the application of aluminium sandwich structures in the shipbuilding.     

空中爆炸载荷下PVC泡沫夹芯板动态响应分析

基于 Abaqus/Explicit,计算分析 PVC夹芯板在空爆载荷作用下的动态响应,考察夹芯板上面板厚度、芯层高度及炸药当量对其抗爆性能的影响,并从能量吸收的角度分析不同工况下 PVC夹芯板的吸能特性。数值结果表明夹芯板的动态响应对其结构配置比较敏感,增加上面板厚度及芯层高度可以明显减小下面板挠度,从而提高结构的抗爆性能。夹芯板的总体吸能量与上面板厚度密切相关,与芯层高度没有明显关联,减小上面板厚度可以提高结构的总体吸能量;在相同工况下,增加上面板厚度可以提高上面板吸能占比,增加芯层高度可以提高芯层吸能占比。在炸药当量较小时,夹芯板变形以上面板局部弯曲及芯层压缩为主;当炸药当量较大时,夹芯板变形以整体弯曲变形为主。研究结果对PVC夹芯板抗爆性能的优化设计具有一定的参考价值。     

Experimental characterization of FRP composite-wood pile structural response by bending tests

A special prefabricated fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) composite shield or jacket was developed to repair wood piles in the field. Two types of load-transfer mechanisms between the wood pile and the FRP composite shield were developed and tested: (1) cement-based structural grout; and (2) steel shear connectors with an expanding polyurethane chemical grout. The objective of this paper is to characterize the structural response of full-size pre-damaged wood piles repaired with the FRP composite shield system. A three-point bending test procedure was used to simulate the response of a pile subjected to lateral loads. The load-deformation response, deflected shape profile, relative longitudinal displacements (slip), strain distribution, ultimate bending moment capacity and mode of failure were evaluated. Wood piles were pre-damaged by reducing approximately 60% of the cross-section over a portion of the pile. It was found that a pre-damaged wood pile repaired using the FRP composite shield with cement-based grout exceeded the bending capacity of a reference wood pile. The repair system using the FRP composite shield with steel shear connectors and polyurethane grout did not fully restore the bending capacity of a reference wood pile; however it can be used for marine borer protection when wood damage is not critical.     

复合材料稳定翼有限元分析方法对比研究

对于某夹芯复合材料稳定翼,针对其复杂的外形和特殊的内部结构,分别采用两种建模方案对其进行ABAQUS非线性有限元分析,计算了稳定翼在深水静压载荷作用下的变形和干模态固有振型.通过对计算结果的分析与比较,发现方案二比方案一更合理、有效.     

一款国内豪华游艇的设计建造特点及技术改进

分析一款国内豪华游艇设计和建造中的技术特点,推荐一种中型豪华游艇的个性化布置和一种新型动力推进系统,结合成型工艺对构件尺寸进行优化,得出一种既能满足空间要求又能满足规范要求的结构形式;对天窗板原结构进行创新性改进以增加其强度,达到重量轻,强度高,不易变形的目的;在兼顾经济性、操纵性和环保性的同时充分体现了游艇的美学价值和商品价值。