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《铁路技术管理规程》是我国铁路的基本技术规章,研究不同版本的演变动因及其变迁机理对于掌握其演变规律具有重要意义。阐述了近三版《铁路技术管理规程》修订的背景与主要修订内容,提出了《铁路技术管理规程》演变的内外部主要影响因素,分析了《铁路技术管理规程》的演变动因分布特征。在此基础上,提出了《铁路技术管理规程》演变的内在逻辑,构建了"政策、技术、作业、制度与利益偏好"五维模型,并以"调车作业"部分进行了实证分析,表明该模型能够较好的解释《铁路技术管理规程》演变的动因与变迁的内在逻辑,可为对今后《铁路技术管理规程》的动态修订和管理提供理论支撑。 相似文献
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10月13日,铁道部下发了《关于公布修改《铁路旅客运输规程》和《铁路旅客运输办理细则》内容的通知》,通知决定自2010年12月1日起施行经修改的《铁路旅客运输规程》和《铁路旅客运输办理细则》。 相似文献
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物流管理是川藏铁路建设工程的重要内容,与工程质量、工期、成本等目标密切相关。川藏铁路建设工程所需物资种类繁多,需求量大,运输及储备受到现场施工环境的制约,管理难度极大。因此,建立一套科学有效的川藏铁路物流管理体系对于铁路建设的精准实施具有重要保障作用。本文通过分析川藏铁路的物流特征,解析川藏铁路物流管理全要素,结合物流特征及研究方法构建了包含物资保障管理,物流运作管理,通道建设管理的川藏铁路建设物流管理体系。最后,针对川藏铁路物流管理中面临的矛盾与挑战,提出了相应的对策建议。 相似文献
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《西部交通科技》2014,(1):I0001-I0001
<正>2013年12月24日,交通运输部部长杨传堂签署交通运输部2013年第13号、第14号、第21号、第22号部令,发布了《铁路机车车辆设计制造维修进口许可办法》、《铁路机车车辆驾驶人员资格许可办法》、《铁路运输基础设备生产企业审批办法》和《违反铁路安全管理条例行政处罚实施办法》等四件《铁路安全管理条例》配套规章。《铁路安全管理条例》(国务院令第639号)是对2004年发布的《铁路运输安全保护条例》的全面修订,自2014年1月1日起施行。《铁路安全管理条例》明确了铁路监管部门的管理职责,增加了铁路建设质量安全和铁路专用设备质量安全的规定, 相似文献
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本文作者认为,要构建充分体现铁路技术经济特性、适应铁路改革与发展需要的铁路法律,基于产权视角的研究不可或缺。铁路技术经济特征决定了铁路产权关系的特殊性;准确把握铁路产权关系的特殊性并以此为依据合理确定铁路组织形式、运营管理体制及资产与业务边界是构建铁路法律的制度性基础;铁路法律要解决的核心问题之一在于政府与铁路企业,以及不同铁路企业之间产权关系的重构与确认,藉此保障并推动铁路改革与发展。文章分析了铁路产权关系特点并以此为基础提出了我国铁路法律权利配置的基本思路。 相似文献
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Railway reforms: do they influence operating efficiency? 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
This paper considers railway operations in 23 European countries during 1995–2001, where a series of reform initiatives were
launched by the European Commission, and analyses whether these reform initiatives improved the efficiency of the railway
systems. Efficiency is measured using Multi-directional Efficiency Analysis, which enables investigation of how railway reforms
affect the inefficiencies of specific cost drivers. The main findings are that the reform initiatives generally improve technical
efficiency but potentially differently for different cost drivers. Specifically, the paper provides empirical evidence that
accounting separation is important for improving the efficiency in the use of both material and staff costs, whereas other
reforms only influenced one of these factors.
Mette Asmild is Associate Professor in Operational Research at Warwick Business School (UK). Her main research interests are theoretical developments and practical applications of efficiency and productivity analysis techniques, particularly Data Envelopment Analysis. Torben Holvad is Economic Adviser at the European Railway Agency (France), senior research associate at the Transport Studies Unit (University of Oxford) and external associate professor at the Department of Transport (Danish Technical University). He obtained Economics degrees from Copenhagen University (MSc) and the European University Institute in Florence (PhD). Jens Leth Hougaard is Professor in Applied Microeconomics at Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen. His main research interests are related to applied microeconomics and include Efficiency Analysis and Benchmarking. Currently, he is working with cost sharing methods and allocation in networks. Dorte Kronborg is MSc in mathematical statistics from the University of Aarhus and Associate Professor at Center for Statistics, Department of Finance, Copenhagen Business School. Her primary research interests are applications and development of mathematical statistical methods within business economics. 相似文献
Dorte KronborgEmail: |
Mette Asmild is Associate Professor in Operational Research at Warwick Business School (UK). Her main research interests are theoretical developments and practical applications of efficiency and productivity analysis techniques, particularly Data Envelopment Analysis. Torben Holvad is Economic Adviser at the European Railway Agency (France), senior research associate at the Transport Studies Unit (University of Oxford) and external associate professor at the Department of Transport (Danish Technical University). He obtained Economics degrees from Copenhagen University (MSc) and the European University Institute in Florence (PhD). Jens Leth Hougaard is Professor in Applied Microeconomics at Department of Food and Resource Economics, University of Copenhagen. His main research interests are related to applied microeconomics and include Efficiency Analysis and Benchmarking. Currently, he is working with cost sharing methods and allocation in networks. Dorte Kronborg is MSc in mathematical statistics from the University of Aarhus and Associate Professor at Center for Statistics, Department of Finance, Copenhagen Business School. Her primary research interests are applications and development of mathematical statistical methods within business economics. 相似文献
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《Transportation Research Part A: General》1987,21(2):87-94
The management structure of U.S. railroads has been historically characterized as static and bureaucratic. Many writers have attributed this to years of restrictive government regulation. This paper tests the hypothesis that observable characteristics and organizational structure of railroad management have changed in conjunction with recent regulatory reform. Management characteristics are analyzed in both 1977 and 1983. Major findings are that managers in 1983 are significantly younger and better educated with fewer years of company and industry service. Railroad organizational structures are also reviewed before and after deregulation to assess whether management structures are becoming leaner and less mechanistic. 相似文献
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随着“一带一路”设施联通建设的不断推进,作为泛亚铁路中线工程的中老泰铁路也是其中重要的一部分。为研究一带一路中老泰铁路货物运输风险以及相关保费计算,本文首先采用层次分析法得到铁路货物运输过程中存在的政治因素、气候因素、运维因素和自然力因素的风险以及不同风险因素组合的权重;其次基于N-K模型对风险进行耦合,并且结合权重计算风险耦合值,根据风险耦合值划分风险区间,不同风险区间对应的附加费率不同,最后利用保费计算公式可以得到保险费用。本文末以中老泰铁路运输水果为例,基于不同风险因素的耦合得到15个风险耦合值,并计算保费,得出不同风险下的保费结果。 相似文献
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The robustness of questionnaire results to various forms of bias are explored in the context of a dual-mode (web and hardcopy)
survey of employers’ anticipations of levels of employee commuting and business travel activity under a range of future ICT
scenarios. The questionnaire incorporated several innovative features which, together with the dual-mode format, allowed an
unusually wide range of analyses. For example: the robustness of respondents’ opinions was tested by examining the effect
of incorporating alternative versions of a briefing text, one being very positive and one very negative, about the role of
ICT; instrument bias was identified via detailed comparison of the results from the two versions of the questionnaire; and
the impact of exogenous factors which are often ignored or taken as constant was assessed via special supplementary questions.
Analysis showed that the robustness of opinions and expectations varied and was influenced by respondent characteristics,
and that results from the two versions of the questionnaire differed significantly. It is concluded that opinions and expectations
are less robust, and questionnaire results are more subject to bias and myopic interpretation, than is generally recognised
and that web-based surveys seem particularly vulnerable to sampling bias. Methods are suggested for measuring robustness,
for reducing bias and for validating and contextualising results. The use of contrasting briefing texts is recommended as
a means of establishing the robustness of opinions and expectations while supplementary questions are recommended for validating
and contextualising SP and SE exercises.
Peter Bonsall Professor of Transport Planning at the Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds. His research interests include: use of innovative data sources, microsimulation, multi-criteria appraisal of policy interventions, travellers’ perception of modal attributes, their ability to cope with uncertainty and complexity and their response to new information and charges. Jeremy Shires Senior Research Fellow at the Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds. His research interests include behavioural modelling, the impact of “soft factors” on travel, stated preference design and public transport demand modelling. 相似文献
Peter BonsallEmail: |
Peter Bonsall Professor of Transport Planning at the Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds. His research interests include: use of innovative data sources, microsimulation, multi-criteria appraisal of policy interventions, travellers’ perception of modal attributes, their ability to cope with uncertainty and complexity and their response to new information and charges. Jeremy Shires Senior Research Fellow at the Institute for Transport Studies, University of Leeds. His research interests include behavioural modelling, the impact of “soft factors” on travel, stated preference design and public transport demand modelling. 相似文献
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The object is to identify characteristics of feasible systems for UK – and European – Air Traffic Management (ATM) in the coming decades. ATM here covers Air Traffic Control (ATC) provision plus wider issues, such as airspace design. The analytical focus is on the financial decision-making processes and constraints that will act to shape this future system. R&D work into control workload and planning based on an "ATM core concept" are proposed as likely to offer the best way forward. 相似文献
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本文从探究磷石膏含水率在不同温度下的变化规律;参考《公路土工试验规程》(JTG E40-2007)中的试验方法,研究磷石膏的物理力学性质,测定磷石膏的液塑限、最大干密度、最佳含水率、比重等物理参数,开展不同压实度下磷石膏的渗透试验、压缩试验、三轴剪切试验等,对磷石膏的工程特性进行分析评价。结果表明:磷石膏物理力学特性类似于土类,但磷石膏的结构和土不同,磷石膏是规则的板状晶体结构,主要成分是CaSO4·2HO2。总体分析磷石膏是一种良好的工程材料,工程应用中控制和掌握好磷石膏含水率,尽可能的提高磷石膏的压实度,压实度越大,磷石膏的工程性质越好。 相似文献