基于云模型的航道绿色生态发展评价研究

建设绿色生态航道对于构建绿色交通运输体系、发展低碳交通运输经济具有重要意义。本文针对绿色生态航道评价中不可避免的模糊性和随机性特点,根据评价指标体系确定云模型参数,并计算各指标的熵权,构建指标体系下的云-熵模型,计算绿色生态航道等级的确定度。对绿色生态航道评价进行实证分析,验证了该方法的可行性和有效性,最后对提升航道绿色生态水平提出相关建议。     

综合交通运输体系中子系统间协调分析

本文阐述了综合交通运输体系的基本概念,根据综合交通运输的自身建设水平、运输能力及对环境经济社会的影响三方面建立评价综合交通运输整体协调度的指标体系;提出了指标无量纲化的计算方法及指标权重的确定方法,进一步进行综合交通运输整体协调度的判定,并建立模型来合理安排各子系统的比重,使整个综合交通的协调度达到最优。最后用实例说明本文方法的应用价值。     

中国特色综合交通运输体系的实现路径研究

党的十八大以来,我国经济社会发展进入全新的历史时期,综合交通运输发展迈入新的阶段。围绕新时期推进我国综合交通运输体系建设的问题,本文首先对发达国家综合交通运输发展的主要经验进行梳理,提出我国应坚持走中国特色的综合交通运输体系发展道路。采用SWOT分析方法,对新时期我国推进综合交通运输发展的内外部环境做综合分析。在此基础上,从发展理念、发展导向、发展模式、发展空间、发展要素等方面,提出了构建中国特色综合交通运输体系的实现路径。     

新能源汽车推广应用水平评价指标体系研究

公共服务领域是新能源汽车推广的重点方向,构建交通运输行业新能源汽车推广应用水平评价指标体系有利于系统性把握行业推广存在的问题,精准施策,科学决策。文章提出了交通运输行业新能源汽车推广应用评价对象,从五大方面出发构建了交通运输行业新能源汽车推广应用水平评价指标体系,阐述了关键指标的量化计算分析方法,并以广东省为例,应用该套评价指标体系对广东省新能源汽车推广应用水平进行评价。评价结果与实际发展水平基本吻合,证明该评价指标体系具有一定的合理性、适用性、可操作性。     

大数据下的智能化交通管理

为进一步合理规划、调整交通布局,分散城市交通压力,促进交通运输相关行业发展,对大数据技术应用于智能化交通管理的优势特征、系统构建、实际应用方式等内容进行分析,希望对进一步实现交通高效管理与现代化城市建设有所助益。     

交通运输综合物流管理组织建设策略分析

为了进一步满足社会需求,对交通运输综合物流管理组织现状进行分析,探究交通运输与物流管理之间的关系,在此基础上构建交通运输综合物流管理组织构架,并对其进行优化和调整,通过加强交通基础建设、完善综合物流组织、建立管理制度和智能体系等方式,以期达到提升交通运输综合物流管理水平的目的,并以此与相关人员交流探讨。     

新时代交通运输供给侧改革的战略趋向

在供给侧结构改革背景下,交通运输作为我国经济社会发展的基础性、先导性、服务性行业,呈现出新的发展特点,发展战略也需相应调整转变。本文提出了下我国交通运输供给侧结构改革的战略趋向。结合发达国家交通运输相关指标数据,进行了比较分析。     

基于PSR模型的绿色交通运输发展评价研究

文章综合运用可持续发展交通、低碳交通及绿色循环交通等相关理论,结合绿色交通运输发展特征、内涵与影响因子,基于"压力(Pressure)—状态(State)—响应(Response)"模型框架,构建了绿色交通运输发展评价指标体系,并使用AHP法和综合评价法对江西省绿色交通运输发展评价进行了实例研究。结果表明,江西省在经历了"十二五"时期五年的发展历程后,交通运输发展的压力指数和状态指数均处于理想状态,响应指数从"十一五"期末的起步阶段发展到"十二五"期末的良好阶段,综合指数结果为良好。     

“一带一路”沿线18省市交通运输竞争力评价研究

"一带一路"战略的提出和实施,促进了沿线省市交通运输业的发展。本文利用因子分析方法,构建了交通运输评价指标体系,并借助SPSS软件对沿线18省市的交通运输竞争力进行了定量分析。结果表明,目前还存在着地区发展不均衡的现象,部分省份存在投入与产出不对等的问题。交通运输综合竞争力的提升主要取决于产出水平的提高,而非投入和承载力水平的提升。基于此,本文提出了有针对性的对策建议。     

学科建设:为综合交通发展提供创新支持

<正>一、前言用15年左右的时间将我国建设成为一个创新型国家,是党中央做出的重大战略决策,是全面建设小康社会的必然选择。国家的综合交通运输系统作为国家重要的基础设施,是确保国家经济社会可持续发展的关键基础设施之一,也是构建和谐社会的基础。在建设国家综合交通运输系统时,必须立足国家目前经济社会发展的状况和资源环境等国情,把握世界综合交通运输发展的趋势,体现出创新的特性,遵循资源节约型和环境友好型的原则。本文围绕上述目标,就国家综合交通运输系统的建设中有关学科建设、人才培养和平台建设进行思考,提出了加强综合交通学科建设,为国家综合交通运输系统的发展提供理论支持、技术支持和人才支持的命题。     

基于改进TOPSIS的城市客运综合交通枢纽评价

城市客运综合交通枢纽规划方案的优劣对城市综合交通系统的建设发展具有重大影响。为了提高城市客运综合交通枢纽规划方案评价的客观性和准确性,结合城市客运综合交通枢纽客流衔接换乘的系统分析,从多维角度出发构建了城市客运综合交通枢纽规划方案评价的多层次指标体系,在遵循方案评价基本原理及城市客运综合交通枢纽特点的基础上,提出了基于改进逼近理想点排序法的评价方法,用于城市客运综合交通枢纽方案的评价,建立城市客运综合交通枢纽综合评价模型。     

Special issue on intelligent transportation systems,big data and intelligent technology

ABSTRACT

Based on the increasing demands of transportation development, the concept of an Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) has received increasing attention in both academic and industry arenas. It integrates information, communications, computers and other technologies, and applies them in the field of transportation to build an integrated system of people, roads and vehicles by utilizing advanced data communication technologies. It can establish a large, fully functioning, real-time, accurate and efficient transportation management system. Intelligent transportation systems shift the focus from road managers to road users. In order to achieve this purpose, intelligent transportation systems use advanced technology to provide drivers with convenient information to help reduce traffic congestion and to increase available road capacity. This special issue is dedicated to exploring the most recent advances in intelligent transportation systems and big data based on intelligent technology.     

基于层次分析法的交通运输节能减排示范项目绩效评价研究

交通运输是国家节能减排工作的重点领域,为促进交通运输节能减排技术发展,开展交通运输节能减排示范项目是政府部门一项重要的政策措施。对示范项目进行绩效评价工作能衡量财政资金投入政策实施效果,也是交通运输主管部门非常关注的问题。在交通运输节能减排示范项目绩效评价的逻辑框架下,运用层次分析法建立交通运输节能减排示范项目绩效评价指标体系及权重值,具有较好的实操性,能为开展同类型项目的绩效评价工作提供参考。     

我国铝土矿运输格局及发展趋势

铝作为自然界中广泛分布的一种轻金属,其加工产品在现代社会的建筑业、汽车制造业和通信业等多个产业发展中发挥了重要作用。铝土矿作为生产铝材的最原始材料,是一种重要的矿产资源。本文系统分析了铝土矿的生产、进口、出口和需求现状,由此分析总结铝土矿的运输格局现状,并对未来铝土矿的运输格局发展趋势进行了分析判断,结合趋势判断给出了合理化的发展建议。     

Multi-scale robustness model for highway networks under flood events

Transportation system infrastructure often experiences severe flood-related disruptions such as overtopping, erosion, and scour. The ensuing damages can result in enormous direct and indirect economic losses to the traffic network and consequently the individuals through conditions like inaccessibility to commuters and reduction in traffic safety. Many studies have claimed that a robust transportation system could significantly prevent such consequences from natural hazards such as floods, highlighting the importance of robustness measures that could be used by decision-makers to properly manage flooded transportation system. Most available measures related to network robustness assessment are qualitative, and while some recent studies have focused on such evaluation using quantitative assessment approaches related to environmental or social-economic operations, they lack the holistic view towards robustness under flood events. This study develops a composite multi-scale transportation-system robustness model considering flood hazards by synthesizing geographical damage recognition, topological functionality analysis, network operation evaluation, and traffic-user loss estimation. This integrated model has been applied in a real-world highway network, mainly revealing that a given intensive flood occurrence at different locations may result in a variety of after-flood disruptions in the transportation network. To assist the asset owners with developing more reasonable prevention and recovery plans, the developed multi-scale robustness index presents both visible multi-denominational flood consequences and an overall post-event transportation-system robustness indicator.     

基于模块化的综合性绿色交通考核评价体系构建及动态作用机理研究

绿色交通发展是适应新时代发展要求、交通运输行业实现节能环保健康持续发展的有力支撑。本文基于已有的绿色交通相关考核评价体系,采用模块化理论,着眼于绿色交通的政府、企业、社会三种对象,形成适用性强、针对性突出的模块化考核评价体系。     

我国综合交通系统的社会贡献评价研究——以2000-2017年数据为例

本文首先介绍了研究背景,提出研究目的。通过梳理国内外相关文献,提出现有研究尚未涉及综合交通系统社会贡献方面。在解析综合交通社会贡献机理基础上,根据我国2000—2017年社会系统和综合交通数据确定我国社会系统发展指数S和交通系统发展指数T的组成指标,在每种交通方式内采用因子分析法确定各指标权重,结合各指标数值得到S和T数值。应用格兰杰检验法证明T是S的原因,由S关于T的回归函数可得我国综合交通社会贡献评价函数,处理后得到最佳状态数值,发现实际数值与之相比仍有较大提升空间。最后,提出相关政策建议。     

Measuring energy and environmental efficiency of transportation systems in China based on a parallel DEA approach

Because of China’s rapid economic development, its transportation system has become one of China’s high-energy-consumption and high-pollution-emission sectors. However, little research has been done which pays close attention to China’s transportation system, especially in terms of energy and environmental efficiency evaluation. In this paper, data envelopment analysis (DEA) is applied to measure the energy and environment performance of transportation systems in China with the goal of sustainable development. This paper treats transportation as a parallel system consisting of subsystems for passenger transportation and freight transportation, and extends a parallel DEA approach to evaluate the efficiency of each subsystem. An efficiency decomposition procedure is proposed to obtain the highest achievable subsystem efficiency. Our empirical study on 30 of mainland China’s provincial-level regions shows that most of them have a low efficiency in their transportation system and the two parallel subsystems. There are large efficiency differences between the passenger and freight transportation subsystems. In addition, unbalanced development has occurred in the three large areas of China, with the east having the highest efficiency, followed by central China and then west. Therefore, more measures should be taken to balance and coordinate the development between the three large areas and between the two subsystems within them. Our analysis approach gives data for determining effective measures.     

Ontologies for transportation research: A survey

Transportation research relies heavily on a variety of data. From sensors to surveys, data supports day-to-day operations as well as long-term planning and decision-making. The challenges that arise due to the volume and variety of data that are found in transportation research can be effectively addressed by ontologies. This opportunity has already been recognized – there are a number of existing transportation ontologies, however the relationship between them is unclear. The goal of this work is to provide an overview of the opportunities for ontologies in transportation research and operation, and to present a survey of existing transportation ontologies to serve two purposes: (1) to provide a resource for the transportation research community to aid in understanding (and potentially selecting between) existing transportation ontologies; and (2) to identify future work for the development of transportation ontologies, by identifying areas that may be lacking.     

A hybrid model of fuzzy and AHP for handling public assessments on transportation projects

Having an effective public participation in transportation planning and project development processes has been a major concern for developed countries. In the United States, for instance, all state Departments of Transportation are subject to the Transportation Equity Act (TEA-21) that formally requires public involvement in transportation planning. Since transportation planning involves public resources and values, judgments by the public should play a key role in determining final decisions. Therefore, all these agencies are required not only to disseminate information to the public, but also to solicit and consider public opinion in forming transportation policy. This work presents a decision support model, with public involvement and public oversight, to help policy makers select appropriate transportation projects for implementation. Since focus groups will face multiple objectives and inexact information in the process, a hybrid model of fuzzy logic and analytical hierarchy process (AHP) is proposed. A set of ‘if–then’ rules based on Weber’s psycho-physical law of 1834 is presented to reason from fuzzy numbers to capture essential subjective preferences, pairwise, among the alternatives. The AHP is then incorporated to estimate preference allotments among alternatives. An example application of the suggested method is provided seeking public approval of an appropriate public bus transportation system choosing between one run by municipal authorities and one run by private agencies to show how this procedure works.