双线船闸对拉钢板桩结构受力特性

以新夏港双线船闸工程为例,利用ABAQUS建立船闸闸室和周围土体有限元分析模型,并根据施工期原型观测数据进行模型验证。基于观测数据和数值分析,探讨在施工过程中单锚板桩和对拉板桩的受力特性。研究了两种不同板桩结构随着闸室土体开挖的内力与变形规律以及板桩墙两侧土压力分布等问题。结果表明:施工期内,两侧单锚板桩变形基本一致,中间对拉钢板桩变形基本一致,整体性良好;闸室单侧开挖时,开挖侧对拉板桩的工作状态与单锚板桩相同;后排板桩发挥锚碇作用,其水平位移、土压力均随着土体深度逐渐增大。     

新夏港双线船闸单锚板桩结构受力特性分析

为研究新夏港双线船闸闸室单锚板桩结构的受力特性,利用ABAQUS有限元软件进行建模分析。考虑施工过程,讨论闸室开挖问题中土体本构模型的选择。对施工期和运行期单锚板桩结构的受力特性进行分析,得到板桩的变形和弯矩分布规律以及板桩前后土压力的发展状况。结果表明:在施工开挖过程中,修正剑桥模型能够更好地反映土体卸载回弹特性;在施工完建期,桩后土压力表现为经典的"R"型分布,桩前土压力基本为直线分布,但在开挖面处由于板桩变形挤压会产生局部应力增大现象;在船闸运行期,水位变动频繁,水压力指向闸室时所引起的压力增量,底板横撑的分担比可达到80%,说明横撑能够有效改善板桩结构的受力状态。     

新夏港双线船闸双排对拉板桩结构受力特性

为研究新夏港双线船闸闸室中隔墙双排对拉板桩结构的受力特性,利用ABAQUS有限元软件进行双闸室完整建模分析。采用修正剑桥模型模拟两侧闸室土体的同步开挖,对比分析施工期对拉板桩与单锚板桩的结构特性差异。运行期对双排板桩施加水压力,研究中隔墙整体变形特征、桩间土承载变形特性。结果表明:施工完建期,对拉板桩位移远小于单锚板桩,但两者变形相似,弯矩和土压力分布规律一致,且差值极小。运行期,宽矮的中隔墙在向低水侧闸室的侧向位移中,以剪切变形为主。板桩土压力增量与各自承受的净水压分布有关,还受上部连杆传力和低水侧横撑反力的影响。桩间土在传递、扩散侧向压力时,产生侧向压缩,并可分担中隔墙的大部分剪力。中隔墙弯矩主要由两道板桩分担。现有的双排板桩结构简化计算方法,尚无法反映桩间土抗剪的作用,值得进一步研究。     

Z型钢板桩码头转角段三维数值模拟

为了探讨板桩码头转角段的受力与变形特性,以广州南沙港某Z型钢板桩码头为例进行研究。土体本构采用小应变土体硬化模型,利用国际大型通用有限元软件分别建立了板桩码头标准段、内转角段和外转角段3个空间数值模型,对比分析了前墙、拉杆和锚碇墙的内力和位移分布特征。计算结果表明：1)Z型钢板桩码头转角段前墙的弯矩和位移、拉杆拉力、锚碇墙位移均比标准段小。2)按照标准段的计算成果进行转角段设计偏于保守,可进一步优化。     

深厚软土地基深水板桩码头变形控制优化设计

针对软土区采用深层水泥搅拌桩（DCM）加固的板桩码头结构,板桩变形控制是设计难点之一。以深厚软土地基的某深水板桩码头为研究对象,通过PLAXIS软件进行有限元模拟,分析在不同DCM置换率下码头前墙受力与变形的特性,比较DCM及拉杆的不同布置模式下的前墙位移,研究码头后方堆载预压对锚碇墙和土体变形的影响,最终对地基处理工序、DCM置换率及布置范围、拉杆布置进行优化设计。设计方案保证经济合理的同时,较好地限制了板桩的变形,缩短了施工工期,可为类似工程提供借鉴。     

京杭运河淮安三线船闸工程创新技术的运用

京杭运河淮安三线船闸处在枢纽构筑物众多、场地狭窄处.因地制宜对三线船闸闸住进行了充分论证,形成了国内两大型船闸之间布置的最小距离.采用Z型钢板桩加土锚背拉式闸室墙结构、地连墙对拉锚碇系统的防洪大堤、土锚地连墙和沉井分隔堤等多种结构形式,堪称船闸结构"博览会",部分结构填补了国内船闸的空白.     

株洲二线船闸深基坑双排桩结构的受力特性

对株洲航电枢纽二线船闸高挡土环境中的双排桩结构变形及内力特征,采用数值计算和工程观测相结合的方法,分析不同桩径、不同开挖深度时结构的变形及受力形态。结果表明:双排桩排距取3倍桩径时,不同开挖深度的前排桩最大位移值呈现二次抛物线形态;前排桩内力呈现单锚板桩的受力特征,后排桩内力呈现悬臂板桩的受力特征;通过设置卸荷板、采用抗剪强度大的材料回填可有效控制结构变形及内力。     

Plaxis在板桩结构分析中的应用

上海市某船闸引航道拟采用板桩结构,为选取合适的板桩结构形式,利用岩土工程有限元分析软件Plaxis对锚碇墙拉锚板桩结构、锚碇叉桩拉锚板桩结构、叉桩式高桩承台结构、直桩式高桩承台结构这4种不同板桩结构形式进行数值模拟分析,得出了各种板桩结构形式的结构位移变形、结构内力及桩侧土压力分布情况。计算成果显示:锚碇墙拉锚板桩结构和直桩高桩承台结构水平位移较大,达60~70 mm;叉桩高桩承台结构和锚碇叉桩拉锚结构在水平位移较小,约20 mm;叉桩高桩承台结构还具有卸荷作用,板桩所受主动土压力较小,板桩弯矩值最小。本项目宜采用叉桩高桩承台结构。     

设置基坑支护结构的船闸坞式闸室底板有限元分析

闸室外部因没有足够的放坡空间,需设置支护减小开挖。目前国内外关于设有支护的复杂闸室结构计算甚少。因此,基于实际工程,分别使用弹性地基梁法和有限元法对2种闸室结构进行计算分析,研究支护对闸室底板内力的影响。计算结果表明:船闸闸室底板最大正、负弯矩分别发生在高水位期和检修期,支护的设置可减小闸室底板受力,提高结构安全性,达到优化大体积混凝土底板施工方法;不同材料的支护对闸室底板内力影响效果不同,地连墙支护对闸室底板内力影响效果高于钢板桩支护。     

堆载过程中分离卸荷式板桩码头结构变形特性

分离卸荷式板桩码头结构主要由前墙、锚碇墙、拉杆以及卸荷平台体系组成,通过卸荷平台体系承载码头上部结构荷载,以达到减小前墙荷载、加大港池开挖深度的效果。对这种新型码头结构堆载过程进行的数值模拟是码头数值模拟的基础。通过FLAC3D软件进行数值分析,探讨堆载过程中,分离卸荷式板桩码头的受力与变形特性,以及码头结构上土压力分布规律。通过与原型观测数据和离心模型试验结果对比,验证堆载模拟方法的合理性。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。