港口码头实用新型检修配电箱

在我国的许多港口,作为工程施工或平时维修以及驳船临时用电电源的检修配电箱,普遍存在防护性能差、使用不安全、外型不美观等问题.因此,有必要对检修配电箱进行技术创新,以提高检修工作效率和保证检修维护人员及设备的安全.     

浅谈防护电器在港口的应用

1 采用防护电器的必要性 港口码头工作环境恶劣,一些没有采用防护电器的接电箱,容易因为粉尘、雨水进入或机械撞击等而发生电源短路和开关爆炸等事故,所以在港口码头应用防护型接电箱等防护电器的问题应该引起重视. 对于工况条件恶劣的港口而言,电器产品仅有3C认证往往是不够的,因为这类产品一般是用于室内的,其防护等级为IP40或IP43,而防爆电器成本高,不经济,所以应当根据有关标准和港口现场的实际需要进行设计选型,使用符合要求的防护电器.     

港口桥式起重机高压接电箱的改革创新

针对现有港口岸边桥式起重机高压接电箱存在防护能力差,使用不安全可靠与操作不方便的缺点,根据现代化港口的要求,通过对接电箱的创新实践,浅谈该产品的技术改革与创新。     

起重机用分舱式高压电缆分接箱的设计与应用

广东地处亚热带季风气候区,每年都会多次遭受台风及强降雨的侵袭,特别是位于珠三角的港口地区,台风及强降雨等气候因素易对港口起重机械高压接线箱供电系统造成影响;且随着现代化码头的发展,许多港口机械逐渐转向自动化、半自动化控制,传统起重机用高压接线箱已无法满足临海环境下现代港口的发展要求。现对目前起重机用高压接线箱现状进行分析,通过改变其箱内结构、电缆终端连接型式、电缆穿接方式、防护等级来设计出一种新型的起重机用分舱式高压接线箱,旨在满足亚热带季风气候区临海环境下的自动化、半自动化设备供电使用要求,将其向港口行业推广应用。     

中日规范海港工程钢结构防腐设计对比

日本港口钢结构的防腐技术经过多年的发展,已经发展到相当高的水平。而影响腐蚀防护技术应用的条件因国家/地区而异,因此所使用的方法也将相应地不同。本文通过对日本港口和中国港口钢结构的腐蚀防护技术进行对比,供设计人员参考。     

PD_1～PD_7系列船用配电箱

上海导航仪器厂在引进日本寺崎配电盘类产品制造技术的基础上,根据市场的需要所研制生产的PD_1～PD_7船用配电箱是按照船舶工业标准CB1046—83《船用配电箱》的规定进行设计生产的。该系列的船用配电箱箱体为防滴式结构,采用钢板焊接,防护等为IP22级,它适用于在交流50/60Hz,500V以     

港口工控系统信息安全体系建设

为应对辽宁港口集团在数字化转型和智慧港口建设运营中面临的工控系统安全风险,提高港口工控系统网络的安全性和稳定性,在满足国家等级保护合规基础上,从安全管理、安全技术、安全运行等3个方面进行安全框架设计。在框架指引下,结合辽港工控系统实际场景,通过落实各项工控安全防护措施,逐步构建全方位的工控系统网络安全保障体系,为辽港工控系统提供多元立体化的安全防护,实现生产业务的安全稳定运行。     

港口体系层次结构分析方法探讨

港口体系的等级层次是各港在一定区域范围内地位和作用的综合反映,是职能结构优化的基础。一般按港口吞吐规模的大小将港口体系内的各港划分为若干级别,但这个级别不能代替整个系统的等级层次,因为吞吐规模相同的港口不一定都属于同一等级。文中作者以长株潭港口体系为例,采用综合实力指数法确定长株潭港口体系中各港口等级,该方法可供类似港口体系参考。     

浅谈通信的防护技术

通过对港口通信系统的介绍,叙述了通信的电路防护和接地防护的意义和做法,并用实践证明了通信系统的防护技术,同时也为港口计算机网络系统的防护技术提供了可靠的参考依据。     

长三角港口货运职能多样性时空格局

为体现长三角港口群货运职能分工的特征,提升港口体系货运服务的空间一体化水平,运用区位熵和多样性指数等方法,对长三角主要港口2010—2018年的货运职能和多样性时空格局进行分析。结果显示:长三角港口的规模等级分布较为均衡,各等级港口的职能数量和职能结构均存在较大的差异;各省(市)内部港口职能的丰富性和均匀性有所不同;港口职能的多样性总体上遵循从专业化到综合化再到高端化的发展模式;相同职能的港口普遍存在区域集聚的发展态势,但多数职能的集聚格局不够稳定。针对该问题,从整体和局部2个角度提出港口货运职能优化建议。     

基于位序-规模法则的区域港口群发展演化规律

为合理利用港口资源、减少恶意竞争,提出基于位序-规模法则的港口群发展演化规律研究方法。以吞吐量为衡量港口规模的指标,以变异系数、基尼系数等指数研究区域港口群规模差异,以首位度指数判断区域港口群是否服从位序-规模分布,进而基于位序-规模理论研究区域港口群规模分布,定量分析区域港口群发展演化规律。实例分析以欧盟港口群为研究对象,结果表明:欧盟港口群规模差异较大,不均衡程度会逐年增大;欧盟港口群符合位序-规模法则,随着港口位序由高到低,吞吐量增长率会随之减小。     

A three-dimensional risk management model of port logistics for hazardous goods

ABSTRACT

Ports are the distribution centers of hazardous goods in the global transportation system. Once hazardous goods accidents occur in ports, they may cause catastrophic losses to humans and the environment. This research investigates the port logistics risks of hazardous goods and provides an overview of port logistics regarding hazardous goods risks. With this investigation, we conducted a detailed analysis of the underlying causes of the port logistics accidents related to hazardous goods. To manage these risks, this article proposes a three-dimensional risk management model that includes human, governance and goods and provides a risk level identification framework for port hazardous goods logistics. Applying the three-dimensional risk management model, we use the Tianjin port explosion as a case study. Finally, we provide several potential preventative measures to prevent such accidents. The findings of this article contribute to the implementation and monitoring of port strategies that will allow for more sustainable and secure development.     

Placing dryports. Port regionalization as a planning challenge - The case of Hamburg, Germany, and the Süderelbe

This paper emphasizes dryports in the context of port regionalization. It specifically deals with dryports as a challenge for planning, policy and metropolitan governance in the vicinity of seaports. The starting point is the ongoing spatial shift of terminals, distribution centres and port related developments towards the hinterland of mainports and the associated planning conflicts, raising negative impacts such as congestion, land consumption, land use conflicts and neighbourhood conflicts. The paper discusses these challenges against the empirical case of the Süderelbe-region in the Southern hinterland of the port of Hamburg, Germany. It focuses on the often neglected yet highly controversial issue of land use and related traffic flows. Further it reveals how these conflicts are being managed at the regional level. The main contention of the paper is that port regionalization triggers substantial planning conflicts different from those that are known from core port areas, due to the associated demand for land and infrastructure and also as a result of the often poorly developed institutional framework to solve these problems.     

综合港区集疏运系统路网结构建模与分析*

基于复杂系统理论的网络分析方法,建立了港口集疏运道路系统的网络模型,依据路网结构的拓扑关系图,分析网络节点的度分布等结构参数,结合实际案例对综合港区的集疏运系统路网结构进行仿真试验研究.研究成果对于港口的规划设计具有参考价值.     

基于仿真建模的综合港区道宽规模和闸口数量规划研究

合理规划港区闸口通道数量和道路宽度是保证整个港区集疏运顺畅的关键因素。首先对码头闸口系统的作业特点和道路通行能力进行研究,定性分析并给出了闸口通道数量和道路通行能力相关参数的理论计算公式。然后利用计算机仿真技术,结合离散事件动态理论、排队论及交通流理论,建立了港区码头闸口通道数量及道路宽度仿真复合模型,并针对实际案例进行仿真试验研究。研究方法对提高港区规划设计水平有一定的参考意义。     

Research on probability distribution of port cargo throughput

In order to more accurately examine developing trends in gross cargo throughput, we have modeled the probability distribution of cargo throughput. Gross cargo throughput is determined by the time spent by cargo ships in the port and the operating efficiency of handling equipment. Gross cargo throughput is the sum of all compound variables determining each aspect of cargo throughput for every cargo ship arriving at the port. Probability distribution was determined using the Wald equation. The results show that the variability of gross cargo throughput primarily depends on the different times required by different cargo ships arriving at the port. This model overcomes the shortcoming of previous models： inability to accurately determine the probability of a specific value of future gross cargo throughput. Our proposed model of cargo throughput depends on the relationship between time required by a cargo ship arriving at the port and the operational capacity of handling equipment at the port. At the same time, key factors affecting gross cargo throughput are analyzed. In order to test the efficiency of the model, the cargo volume of a port in Shandong Province was used as an example. In the case study the actual results matched our theoretical analysis.     

基于条件期望的港口货物吞吐量预测模型的建立与分析

为了有效预测港口货物总吞吐量的大小,利用条件数学期望提出了港口货物总吞吐量的预测模型.由于货物总吞吐量的变化与到达港口的货运船数目以及装卸设备的工作效率有密切关系,构造一个关于到达港口的货运船数目以及装卸设备的工作能力组合而成的复合变量,货物总吞吐量是这些复合变量所表示的货物装卸量的和.应用全概理论,得到货物总吞吐量的概率分布.在此基础上,将未来货物总吞吐量看作已完成吞吐量的条件期望.利用增长函数得出港口货物吞吐量的预测模型.以山东地区某港口的货物吞吐量变化规律进行了案例分析.理论分析和案例分析均表明该模型是预测港口货物总吞吐量的有效方法.     

Hinterland strategies of port authorities: A case study of the port of Barcelona

Port authorities generally focus on the development of the local port area and play a minor role in the development of port hinterlands, whereas shippers, forwarders, barge and rail operators have always been involved in the port-hinterland connection. The increasing importance of intermodal hinterland networks for the competitive position of ports has urged port authorities to become active in the hinterland. This new role has already been suggested by different academics. However, limited empirical evidence exists of port authorities taking stakes in inland terminals or developing transport services. Barcelona, as one of the leading port authorities in this respect, is used as a case study in this paper. The case study provides insight in the components and execution of the hinterland strategy of Barcelona. It shows that the strategy of the port authority of Barcelona and the consequent active involvement in the hinterland has had a significant impact on attracting container volumes from distant hinterlands and improving the accessibility of the port.     

An analysis of the overcapacity problem under the decentralized management system of container ports in Japan

This article is concerned with an analytical summary of how the Japanese container ports have been taking place overcapacity problem in a systematic way. It focuses on institutional aspects of the overcapacity problem from the viewpoint of accounting cost and opportunity cost. The first issue arises due to the port authority's accounting system and insufficient disclosures of financial statements of port business to the port users and taxpayers. The second issue is inherently related to resource allocation between the state government and local governments through the budget system and income distribution programmes. Since a proper allocation of economic resources in the port sector as a whole will depend on investment decisions being taken within a coherent framework for ensuring that costs are passed on to port users, these issues are closely related to each other in reality. Although the budget system is completely controlled by the state government, the local governments have authoritative power over port planning, financing, and management, which is assured by the Ports and Harbours Law. The overcapacity problem appears to be an inevitable result.     

Transshipment hub port selection for shipping carriers in a dual hub-port system

ABSTRACT

This paper investigates the factors affecting transshipment (T/S) hub port selection by a feeder port and helps shipping carriers make a decision about T/S hub port selection in a dual hub-port system. By employing established evaluation factors, a case study is conducted to weigh the priority of factors and to select an alternative T/S hub port, such as between the Shanghai and Ningbo ports from the Nanjing feeder port in the Yangtze River delta (YRD). A combined multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) framework utilizing the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the consistent fuzzy preference relations (CFPR) method is employed to both reduce the number of pairwise comparisons by AHP and to obtain experts’ knowledge in the decision-making process. The result indicates that the cost, availability of hub port’s space allocation, and the connectivity between feeder port and hub port are crucial factors for T/S hub port selection by shipping carriers. In the case study, Shanghai is selected as the T/S hub port from the Nanjing feeder port. Nevertheless, Ningbo port has the advantage of cost, and if the relationship with feeder port can be improved, Ningbo port would be preferred over Shanghai as a T/S hub port for shipping carriers in a dual hub-port system.