V/X接线牵引变压器短路电抗在线监测方法

为有效判断变压器绕组的变形与否,根据V/X接线牵引变压器的等效电路,利用变压器高压侧各相电压、电流及各供电臂馈线对地电压、电流的监测数据,推导建立了变压器短路电抗的计算模型,并以多次监测值的相对标准偏差为依据,提出了测试结果的精度控制方法. 测试结果表明,虽然提出的方法没有在绕组上安装附加传感器,但测试得到的一台V/X接线牵引变压器A、B和C、B相间的短路电抗分别为67.31和61.18 Ω,与离线数据67.40和61.27 Ω非常吻合,该在线监测方法有效且极具实用性.      

虚槽短距波绕组转子槽漏感的计算

为了计算虚槽短距转子绕组的槽漏感,依据虚槽短距波绕组结构原理,分析了一个相带绕组在发动机转子槽内的分布情况. 在此基础上应用导线间的自感及互感特性,采用微分算法研究了虚槽短距转子绕组槽内的漏磁链的分布,推导了虚槽奇数槽短距及虚槽偶数槽短距绕组的槽漏感计算方法.通过实例验证了该方法的正确性.计算结果表明:采用虚槽结构的槽漏感无论是虚槽偶数短距还是虚槽奇数短距在其节距相近时漏感值接近;采用等效实槽的转子槽漏感为虚槽漏感的2倍.      

铝转子单边盘式感应电机的新型等效电路

铝转子单边盘式感应电机气隙较大,主要参数随半径变化,用传统电机分析法会造成较大误差,且无法准确描述铝转子中集肤效应的影响.采用一种新的电磁模型,利用分环计算和多层行波磁场模型有效解决了该电机存在的特殊问题,提高了模型精度.通过磁场分布计算得到电机的T型等效电路.分析了等效电路中电感和电阻参数.制作样机并通过空载试验和短路试验测定其T型等效电路参数,试验结果与计算结果误差较小,证明该方法能准确估算铝转子单边盘式感应电机的主要参数.计算电机电磁转矩随转差率变化的情况,高转差率下的实验转矩输出值与计算值接近.     

高变比脉冲变压器固态调制器的研制

固态半导体开关串联使用时要求均压和信号同步,导致固态半导体调制器的可靠性及稳定性降低.为解决该问题,对基于高变比脉冲变压器耦合全固态刚管调制器的设计原理、拓扑结构开展了研究.基于脉冲变压器等效电路模型,利用拉普拉斯变换法分析了脉冲变压器分布参数对输出波形的影响,并根据系统设计指标要求计算出过冲特征系数和上升时间系数,进而对脉冲变压器结构进行了优化设计.研究结果表明,输出波形的前沿与漏感和分布电容的乘积成正比,其过冲与漏感和分布电容的比值成正比;优化后脉冲变压器的变比从原来的1:30提高到1:70,其初级电压仅需1 kV即可达到设计要求,且保证了漏感和分布电容满足系统的需求.在此基础上研制的高变比脉冲变压器固态调制器在工作电压70 kV、负载阻抗1.4 k、脉冲宽度100 s的条件下,实现输出脉冲前沿2.8 s、脉冲后沿2 s,达到系统设计要求,且在100 Hz满功率条件下实现长时间稳定运行.      

无轴承永磁同步电机电感特性分析

针对无轴承永磁同步电机电感参数难以通过实验准确获得的问题,采用有限元分析方法研究了四极悬浮控制二极表贴式无轴承永磁同步电机的电感特性.根据无轴承永磁同步电机的工作原理,给出了静态电感和增量电感的定义;在此基础上研究了转矩绕组和悬浮力绕组的静态电感特性,并通过3/2变换得到了在转子两相旋转坐标系下的交直轴静态电感;最后以转矩绕组为例,研究其增量电感,并与其静态电感进行了比较.有限元仿真结果表明:无轴承永磁同步电机增量电感比其静态电感小6%,验证了理论分析的正确性.      

磁场饱和与畸变对发电机电感参数计算的影响

为了提高发电机故障检测的灵敏性,需要准确计算发电机电感参数.考虑发电机负载运行时磁路的饱和与位置的畸变,分别应用磁路法和磁场法计算了不同饱和程度与畸变程度下的电感参数,讨论了磁路饱和与磁场畸变对电感参数的影响,指出磁路法计算电感参数的局限性.对一台一对极隐极式发电机样机进行的不同工况下转子匝间短路实验表明：磁场法可以充分考虑物理情况,参数计算结果更加准确.在要求准确计算电感参数的场合使用磁场法更合适.     

串联半桥式场效应管弧焊逆变器可靠性分析

在建立了串联半桥式场效应晶体管弧焊逆变器主回路工作过程数学模型的基础上，讨论了电路主要参数对逆变器工作过程及其可靠性的影响，指出了弧焊逆变器设计中应注意的问题。     

反激变换器中RCD箝位电路参数设计

针对反激变换器在实际应用中由于变压器漏感而引起的开关管电压应力过大问题,对反激变换器的工作原理进行分析,推导出箝位电容、箝位电阻和箝位二极管的计算公式,设计了RCD箝位电路。结合测试电路的实验波形,验证了理论分析的正确性,并探讨了开关管寄生电容大小对电路谐振过程的影响。     

介观互感容感耦合双谐振电路的量子涨落

用正则量子化方法将介观互感容感耦合双谐振电路量子化.通过幺正变换将系统的哈密顿量对角化,给出体系的本征能谱.研究了压缩真空态的激发态、压缩真空态和真空态下回路中电荷和电流的量子涨落.结果表明,介观互感容感耦合双谐振电路中存在电荷和电流量子涨落,这种量子涨落不仅与电路器件的参数、激发量子数、压缩因子和压缩角有关,还与互感系数、耦合电容和耦合电感有关.     

电磁型高速磁浮列车直线发电机电动势计算

为解决高速电磁型高速磁浮车辆供电问题，推导了直线发电机线圈自感及互感位置函数．用有限元法计算有关参数，并通过模拟列车运行情况下直线发电机线圈、长定子同步电动机绕组和悬浮电磁铁励磁线圈的工作状况分析所得数据，推导出各位置函数的表达式和直线发电机电动势通式．当列车速度为100和150km/h时，计算值与实验结果相比误差小于7％．     

A New Experimental Rig of Testing Flow Boiling Heat Transfer of Refrigerant and Lubricant Mixture

This paper proposed a new experimental rig of testing flow boiling heat transfer of refrigerant and lubricant oil mixture. The quantity of oil in the test section can be controlled and regulated conveniently and accurately by connecting separate lubricant oil circuit with test section in parallel. It was built up by retrofitting a multiple air-conditioner and installing three oil-separators in serials at the compressor outlet. And so the lubricant oil in the discharged refrigerant gas of compressor can be removed completely. The refrigerant flow rate through test section can be bypassed by the by-path circuit of indoor unit. This experimental rig has advantages such as on-line and continuous oil injection, short time of obtaining stability, flexible operation, simple control, which lead to high efficiency in the research of flow boiling heat transfer of refrigerant and lubricant oil mixture.     

Automatic wireless power supply system to autonomous underwater vehicles by means of electromagnetic coupler

With the aim of sending electric power to autonomous underwater vehicles （AUVs）, an automatic wireless power supply system by means of electromagnetic coupler was proposed. An equivalent circuit of the electromagnetic coupler with compensating capacitors was presented to analyze the performance of the system. The magnetizing inductance and leakage inductance, which are important for choosing compensating capacitors, were calculated by finite element analysis （FEA） methods. Then the voltage gain, power loss and system efficiency were analyzed to optimize the winding turns. Finally, a phase-shift full bridge zero-voltage-switching converter and an electromagnetic coupler were produced. The experimental results demonstrated that the proposed system has a high voltage gain with small variation and sufficient power feeding.     

水平加筋体加固岩溶路基受力机理及设计方法

为了解决现有设计方法未考虑水平加筋体的滑移效应,低估铁路路基面变形的问题,对水平加筋体加固铁路岩溶路基的受力机理进行了研究,提出了一种新的设计方法. 首先,明确了荷载传递机制和水平加筋体受力模型;然后,从严格控制铁路路基面变形的角度出发,在现有设计方法的基础上,考虑滑移效应并假定锚固区加筋体应变呈线性变化,通过引入加筋体松弛量建立了加筋体挠度修正公式;再次,提出了考虑滑移效应的水平加筋体加固铁路岩溶路基的设计方法,明确了验算内容和设计流程;最后,将所提方法应用于某模型试验,并与实测值及数值分析值进行了对比. 研究结果表明:考虑滑移效应能够有效修正路基面变形计算值,路基面变形值由0.18 m修正为0.25 m,接近于实测值0.23 m和数值分析值0.21 m,方法准确,可为实际设计提供依据.      

基于故障阻抗计算的非同步故障测距新方法

为了解决双端电气量测量非同步产生的故障测距误差问题,提出基于故障阻抗计算的非同步故障测距新方法。该方法采用集中参数短线模型,首先利用双端非同步电气量和线路参数计算故障阻抗,然后基于金属性短路故障阻抗的纯电阻性采用共轭法构造出关于故障距离的一元二次方程,最后求解并判别伪根得到真实故障距离。双端量法测距在原理上克服了故障电阻和系统运行方式变化的影响。仿真与数值计算结果表明提出的新方法可靠有效,能消去非同步角的影响,具有良好的测距精度,适用于各种金属性短路故障类型,工程实际应用价值高。     

冲击荷载作用下饱和软粘土残余变形计算模式

在试验基础上建议了一个预测冲击荷载作用下饱和软粘土残余变形的计算模式,该模式考虑了周围压力、冲击能大小、冲击次数和冲击遍数等几个因素．对计算模式的验证表明,预测值与实测值吻合较好．该模型可用于动静结合排水固结法处理软基时的变形计算．     

A New Approach to Calculate Parameters of Induction Generator with Double Windings

The accuracy prediction for the performance of an induction generator depends much on the parameters of the equivalent circuit. This paper presented a new way for calculating these parameters of induction generator with double windings. The method is based on 2D time-dependent magnetic field coupled with electric circuit. An application example of a 12-phase self-excited induction generator (SEIG) was provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the presented approach. Some of the calculated results show good coincidence with the experiment values.     

SACSR:a low power BIST method for sequential circuits

A novel built-in-self-test (BIST) method called seeded autonomous cyclic shift register (SACSR) is presented to reduce test power of the sequential circuit. The key idea is to use a pseudorandom pattern generator and several XOR gates to generate seeds that share fewer test vectors. The generated seed is taken XOR operation with a cyclic shift register, and the single input change (SIC) sequence is generated. The proposed scheme is easily implemented and can reduce the switching activities of the circuit under test (CUT) greatly. Experimental results on ISCAS89 benchmarks show that on average more than 63% power reduction can be achieved. It also demonstrates that the generated test vectors attain high fault coverage for stuck-at fault and transition fault coverage with short test length.     

Real-Time Method for Detecting Harmonic and Reactive Currents of Single-Phase Circuits

According to the characteristics of single-phase circuits and demand of using active filter for real-time detecting harmonic and reactive currents, a detecting method based on Fryze＇s power definition is proposed. The results of theoretical analysis and simula- tion show that the proposed method is effective in realtime detecting of instantaneous harmonic and reactive currents in single-phase circuits. When only detecting the total reactive currents, this method does not need a phase-locked loop circuit, and it also can be used in some special applications to provide different compensations on the ground of different requirements of electric network. Compared with the other methods based on the theory of instantaneous reactive power, this method is simple and easy to realize.     

并联逆变弧焊电源外特性形成原因的探讨

本文提出了可控硅并联逆变弧焊电源获得外特性曲线的一种方法,分析了形成该种 外特性曲线的原因。实验结果表明:将焊接回路设计成具有带通性质的二阶电路能够 获得形状较理想的外特性曲线,负载增大过程中,焊接回路的阻抗性质从感性向阻性 再向容性的变化过程是形成该种外特性曲线的主要原因。      

长枕埋入式无碴轨道对谐振式轨道电路传输

对长枕埋入式无碴轨道泄漏电阻和感应阻抗对谐振式轨道电路传输特性的影响进行了分析,通过科学方法进行了测算,并提出了相应的解决方案,而且通过试验进行了验证,使得谐振式轨道电路在长枕埋入式无碴轨道上传输特性的改善有了科学依据.