双隔板矩形液舱内抑制晃荡的优化研究（英文）

A dual-baffled rectangular tank with different configurations is proposed to reduce the sloshing effect, and design optimization is conducted through numerical simulations with open-source software, namely Open FOAM, based on the computational fluid dynamic model. A series of physical experiments in the dual-baffled rectangular tank is performed for model validation and design optimization with the measured water surface elevation distributions along the tank. The optimization uses the calculate...     

考虑晃荡耦合船舶运动的晃荡压力算法（英文）

The effect of coupling between sloshing and ship motions in the evaluation of slosh-induced interior pressures is studied. The coupling between sloshing loads and ship motions is modelled through a hybrid algorithm which combines a potential flow solution based on transient Green function for the external ship hydrodynamics with a viscous flow solution based on a multiphase interface capturing volume of fluid(VOF) technique for the interior sloshing motion. The coupled algorithm accounts for full nonlinear slosh forces while the external forces on the hull are determined through a blended scheme of linear radiationdiffraction with nonlinear Froude-Krylov and restoring forces. Consideration of this level of nonlinearities in ship motions is found to have non-negligible effects on the slosh-coupled responses and slosh-induced loads. A scheme is devised to evaluate the statistical measure of the pressures through long-duration simulation studies in extreme irregular waves. It is found that coupling significantly influences the tank interior pressures, and the differences in the pressures between coupled and uncoupled cases can be as much as 100% or more. To determine the RAO over the frequency range needed for the simulation studies in irregular waves, two alternative schemes are proposed, both of which require far less computational time compared to the conventional method of finding RAO at each frequency, and the merits of these are discussed.     

三维矩形弹性液舱内液体晃荡数值模拟研究

为了解三维弹性液舱内液体晃荡情况,采用ADINA模拟不同激励频率下液舱内液体的晃荡,将所得的结果与解析解进行对比,得到不同载液率下弹性液舱内液体晃荡特点,得到液舱载液率、外界激励等参数变化对液体自由表面运动及晃荡荷载的影响.     

水下航行体湍流数值模拟方法研究进展综述（英文）

In this paper, we present an overview of numerical simulation methods for the flow around typical underwater vehicles at high Reynolds numbers, which highlights the dominant flow structures in different regions of interest. This overview covers the forebody, midbody, stern, wake region, and appendages and summarizes flow phenomena, including laminar-to-turbulent transition, turbulent boundary layers, flow under the influence of curvatures, wake interactions, and all associated complex vortex str...     

逆压边界层流动的湍流模式研究（英文）

In this paper, a numerical study of flow in the turbulence boundary layer with adverse and pressure gradients(APGs) is conducted by using Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equations. This research chooses six typical turbulence models, which are critical to the computing precision, and to evaluating the issue of APGs. Local frictional resistance coefficient is compared between numerical and experimental results. The same comparisons of dimensionless averaged velocity profiles are also performed. It is found that results generated by Wilcox(2006) k-ω are most close to the experimental data. Meanwhile, turbulent quantities such as turbulent kinetic energy and Reynolds-stress are also studied.     

非线性内波引起的浅水模式演化研究（英文）

Acoustic modal behavior is reported for an L-shape hydrophone array during the passage of a strong nonlinear internal wave packet. Acoustic track is nearly parallel to the front of nonlinear internal waves. Through modal decomposition at the vertical array, acoustic modes are identified. Modal evolution along the horizontal array then is examined during a passing internal wave. Strong intensity fluctuations of individual modes are observed before and during the internal waves packet passes the fixed acoustic track showing a detailed evolution of the waveguide modal behavior. Acoustic refraction created either uneven distribution of modal energy over the horizontal array or additional returns observable at the entire L-shape array. Acoustic ray-mode simulations are used to phenomenologically explain the observed modal behavior.     

基于无奇异边界元法模拟三维全非线性液舱晃荡（英文）

文章基于全非线性势流理论对三维液舱晃荡进行了数值模拟,其控制方程由无奇异边界积分方程法(Desingularized Boundary Integral Equation Method,DBIEM)进行离散求解,在求解全非线性的自由面微分方程时,文中采用混合欧拉—拉格朗日法(Mixed Eulerian-Lagrangian,MEL)和四阶Adams-Bashforth-Moulton(ABM4)预报—修正方法,为了避免结果发散即增强数值稳定性,文中采用B样条法来光顺自由面。在微幅水平激励下,该文中得到的结果与解析解吻合较好。     

二维矩形弹性液舱内液体晃荡数值模拟研究

阐述ADINA数学模型及相关数值方法,以二维矩形刚性液舱模型为例模拟液体晃荡,将所得的结果与解析解进行比较,验证该模型的有效性;通过数值模拟,研究二维矩形弹性液舱内的液体晃荡,分析不同刚度、不同频率对液体晃荡自由液面波高运动的影响。     

浅水条件下船舶通过船闸时的水动力性能数值研究（英文）

文章通过应用CFD方法数值模拟在浅水条件下通过船闸的船舶粘性绕流,对船舶通过船闸时的水动力性能进行了数值预报研究。通过UDF编程定义船舶的运动,使用动网格方法和滑移交界面技术进行船舶运动过程中的网格更新,计算作用在船体上的水动力,并由计算得到的水动力求得船体下沉和纵倾。为了验证所采用的数值方法,以一艘通过比利时泽布吕赫Pierre Vandamme船闸的船舶为例,在模型尺度下进行了计算,并将计算结果和佛兰德水利研究所的模型试验基准数据进行了比较。通过分析不同船速、偏心距和水深条件下的数值结果,给出了这些因素对船舶通过船闸时的水动力性能的影响。该文研究结果可为浅水条件下船舶通过船闸时的安全操纵和控制提供一定的指导。     

浅水中半小水线面双体船概念设计的阻力分析（英文）

Resistance analysis is an important analytical method used to evaluate the hydrodynamic performance of High Speed Craft(HSC). Analysis of multihull resistance in shallow water is essential to the performance evaluation of any type of HSC. Ships operating in shallow water experience increases in resistance because of changes in pressure distribution and wave pattern. In this paper, the shallow water performance of an HSC design concept, the semi-Small Waterplane Area Twin Hull(semi-SWATH) form, is studied. The hull is installed with fin stabilizers to reduce dynamic motion effects, and the resistance components of the hull, hull trim condition, and maximum wave amplitude around the hull are determined via calm water resistance tests in shallow water. These criteria are important in analyzing semi-SWATH resistance in shallow water and its relation to flow around hull. The fore fin angle is fixed to zero degrees, while the aft fin angle is varied to 0o, 5o, 10o, and 15o. For each configuration, investigations are conducted with depth Froude numbers(Fr H) ranging from 0.65 to 1.2, and the resistance tests are performed in shallow water at the towing tank of UTM. Analysis results indicate that the resistance, wave pattern, and trim of the semi-SWATH hull form are affected by the fin angle. The resistance is amplified whereas the trim and sinkage are reduced as the fin angle increases. Increases in fin angle contribute to seakeeping and stability but affect the hull resistance of HSCs.     

浸水矩形板的声辐射阻尼研究（英文）

对空气中简支边界矩形板在点简谐力激励下的振速响应公式从附加质量和声辐射阻尼的角度进行修正,得到了浸水矩形板的振速响应公式。从浸水矩形板振速公式出发,结合声辐射阻尼的定义,从能量的角度推导了矩形板声辐射阻尼的表达式,给出了其与模态辐射效率之间的关系,文中推论与已发表有关文献相比较一致性良好。研究表明:辐射阻尼随着波数比的变化而变化;在中高频段,单面临水矩形板的辐射阻尼远高于其在空气中时的辐射阻尼;板越厚,其声辐射阻尼越小。     

船舶操纵性能及其代理模型构建（英文）

为了提高船舶操纵性能计算效率,文章结合基于NAPA计算仿真结果和支持向量回归方法预报海洋平台支援船的操纵性能,在收集足够相关船型信息前提下,采用能够合理探索设计空间和抽样的拉丁超立方方法获取了30条样本船型数据。通过NAPA仿射变化、位移转换及根据船型设计变量进行局部调整从而生成系列船型以表达船体几何形状。针对每个船型,分别计算了5项操纵性衡准指标:进距、战术直径、横距、10°舵角第一超越角和20°舵角第一超越角。为提高船舶操纵性能的计算效率,文中利用作者早先新提出的一种单参数Lagrangian支持向量回归算法来训练并构建代理模型以预报船舶操纵性能,该算法整合了Laplace损失函数,仅采用单参数控制计算误差并于置信区间中增加了b~2/2项。以海洋平台支援船为例,采用SPL-SVR算法预报船舶操纵性能,并与基于NAPA计算仿真结果、人工神经网络、经典支持向量回归算法进行对比。不需要昂贵的仿真代码计算,文中采用SPL-SVR算法建立的船舶操纵性能响应面模型比较适合船型初步设计的工程实际应用,并具有较好的效率和适用性。     

波浪中螺旋桨非定常水动力性能研究（英文）

The speed of a ship sailing in waves always slows down due to the decrease in efficiency of the propeller. So it is necessary and essential to analyze the unsteady hydrodynamic performance of propeller in waves. This paper is based on the numerical simulation and experimental research of hydrodynamics performance when the propeller is under wave conditions. Open-water propeller performance in calm water is calculated by commercial codes and the results are compared to experimental values to evaluate the accuracy of the numerical simulation method. The first-order Volume of Fluid(VOF) wave method in STAR CCM+ is utilized to simulate the three-dimensional numerical wave. According to the above prerequisite, the numerical calculation of hydrodynamic performance of the propeller under wave conditions is conducted, and the results reveal that both thrust and torque of the propeller under wave conditions reveal intense unsteady behavior. With the periodic variation of waves, ventilation, and even an effluent phenomenon appears on the propeller. Calculation results indicate, when ventilation or effluent appears, the numerical calculation model can capture the dynamic characteristics of the propeller accurately, thus providing a significant theory foundation forfurther studying the hydrodynamic performance of a propeller in waves.     

里海南部海岸在极浅水中的波谱建模研究（英文）

This study evaluates the capability of the Simulating WAves Nearshore(SWAN) wave model(version 41.01) in predicting significant wave height and spectral peak energy content for swell waves in very shallow water of surf zone during depth-induced wave breaking and dissipation. The model results were compared with field measurements at five nearshore stations. The results demonstrated that some breaker index formulations were successful for significant wave height prediction in surf zones.However, an incorrect shape of the energy spectrum and overestimated near spectral peak energy content at shallow water stations were obtained using all of the embedded depth-induced wave breaking formulations in SWAN. The dependent breaker index on relative depth(Kpd) formulation, which was successful in predicting near spectral peak energy content, resulted in an average error of 30%. Finally, this formulation was modified to enhance the model performance in reproducing the spectral peak energy content.     

用于浅水环境大型藻类监测的新型海底着陆器（英文）

The colonization of underwater environments by exotic seaweeds is causing major ecological problems around the world. This project, referred to AMALIA, aims to transform this current ocean threat into an opportunity by adding value to the macroalgae present off the northwest of the Iberian Peninsula. To do so and to observe the presence of seaweeds in situ, an ocean modular submersible platform was developed. This platform was designed to be capable of detecting and surveying surges of invasive seaweeds while withstanding sea conditions. Conceptual designs followed by a screening process were performed, taking into consideration criteria such as operational range and modularity. An open-frame lander was considered and further developed using buckling criteria. In parallel, a state-of-the-art monitoring system was created using spectral imaging, allowing for the future creation of a macroalgae identification system. In addition, sensorial systems for characterizing growth conditions were introduced. Laboratory trials were executed to assess the capability of the system, and sea trials are currently being performed.Numerical simulations and laboratory trials indicate that the structure is fully capable of being deployed for shallow-water environments with a state-of-the-art invasive seaweed monitoring system while maintaining a high degree of modularity.     

矩形液舱晃荡冲击载荷的试验机理研究

在不同外激振幅和频率下,采用大尺度模型试验方法对矩形液舱内液体晃荡产生的冲击压力进行了研究,主要包括在不同载液率下,液舱内的短期晃荡冲击载荷特性、冲击载荷的统计特性、时空分布规律及外激振幅和频率与晃荡冲击载荷的关系。试验结果表明,低载液率时自由液面附近冲击载荷大,高载液率时顶部冲击载荷大,30%时自由液面冲击载荷最大,低载液率时自由液面最大冲击力约为静水压力的3.5～4.5倍,外激频率越接近自由液面固有频率,冲击荷载的梯度受振幅的影响越大。文中研究可为计算晃荡载荷提供参考,并对液舱设计具有一定指导意义。     

基于γ界面捕捉模型的近场水下爆炸数值模拟（英文）

随着对水下爆炸现象研究的逐步深入,近场水下爆炸的数值模拟研究越来越受到重视。近场水下爆炸数值模拟当中的主要难点在于多相流运动以及界面捕捉方法的研究。文章提出一种较为稳定的近场水下爆炸数值模拟方法,其包含了五阶WENO重构以及HLLC近似黎曼求解器的格式,对于多相流界面的捕捉方法基于γ模型。文中的求解格式通过了一维激波管问题以及二维轴对称问题的验证,计算结果与理论解和实验结果吻合较好。在此基础上将该方法推广到近场水下爆炸过程中冲击波传播以及近水面爆炸现象的模拟,模拟结果较为满意。该文的研究方法能够为后续的近场水下爆炸过程中的空泡以及水射流的研究提供指导。     

船体周围Stokes波浪流耦合VOF模型的数值模拟（英文）

The surface wave generated by flow around a ship hull moving near free surface of water is simulated numerically in this study. The three-dimensional implicit finite volume method(FVM) is applied to solve Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes(RANS) equation. The realizable k-ε turbulence model has been implemented to capture turbulent flow around the ship hull in the free surface zone. The volume of fluid(VOF) method coupled with the Stokes wave theory has been used to determine the free surface effect of water. By using is a six degrees of freedom model, the ship hull's movement is numerically solved with the Stokes wave together. Under the action of Stokes waves on the sea, the interface between the air and water waves at the same regular pattern and so does the pressure and the vertical velocity. The ship hull moves in the same way as the wave. The amplitude of the ship hull's heave is less than the wave height because of the viscosity damping. This method could provide an important reference for the study of ships' movement, wave and hydrodynamics.     

船舶操纵性能预报浅水修正模型的对比研究

利用深水区平面MMG船舶操纵运动数学模型,通过两个基于船舶主尺度的回归公式浅水修正模型分别得到浅水区的366TEU集装箱船操纵运动结果,并对这两个浅水修正模型得到的结果做了比较,为进一步研究船舶在浅水中的操纵性预报提供了参考。     

船舶横摇阻尼的CFD数值模拟研究（英文）

船舶横摇阻尼是影响参数横摇和瘫船稳性等大幅横摇运动的关键参数。文中基于非定常RANS方程在静水中对模型2792进行了自由横摇衰减的数值模拟,该模型是船舶第二代完整稳性衡准制定中瘫船稳性研究的国际标准船模,数值模拟中采用了两种网格类型,一种是滑移网格,另一种重叠网格。计算结果表明,数值模拟的自由横摇衰减曲线和模型试验结果吻合良好,另外CFD计算的横摇阻尼与试验值的误差小于Ikeda’s经验公式计算的误差,证明非定常RANS方程可用于预报横摇阻尼。