Numerical investigation on the ultimate strength behaviour and assessment of continuous hull plate under combined biaxial cyclic loads and lateral pressure

The ultimate strength of continuous hull plate under combined biaxial cyclic loads and lateral pressure is investigated in the present paper by using nonlinear finite element method. Geometric nonlinearity due to large deflection and material nonlinearity induced by kinematic hardening and isotropic hardening are both accounted for. A parametric study is designed and completed to examine the longitudinal ultimate compressive strength behaviours in the cycles on the basis of a large number of load-shortening curves. Effects of series of parameters especially the plate slenderness ratio, transverse cyclic compression, lateral pressure and cycle number are analyzed with details. It is found that the strength characteristic and collapse mode are highly affected by the coupling influence of the mentioned factors as well material behaviours. A dimensionless unified formulation as a function of the decisive factors is empirically proposed to accurately assess the ultimate strength of continuous hull plate in various cycles.     

屈强比对裂纹板极限强度的影响

工程上很重要的具有小裂纹板的极限强度却没有得到研究者的重视。文章首先对不同屈强比具有中心穿透裂纹的板进行了系列弹塑性有限元计算,结果表明板的极限强度随裂纹长度的衰减趋势可以分为两个阶段,而这两个阶段的范围并不是固定的,它们与板材的屈强比有着密切的联系。然后详细讨论了双向加载对裂纹板极限强度的影响,并对这些现象进行了合理解释。最后对这些计算结果进行了回归得到经验计算公式并将公式计算结果与实验结果及有限元结果进行比较,表明文中提出的公式具有较好的精度。     

某船设备系固卡板结构及连接焊缝强度直接计算

根据某船装载设备基座的卡板设计和载荷,采用有限元方法对其结构和连接焊缝的强度进行计算和分析,并依据应力计算结果对原设计进行修改直到卡板结构及其连接焊缝在设计载荷作用下满足强度要求。     

中心穿透裂纹板在复杂载荷作用下的剩余极限强度分析

为了深入研究复杂载荷作用下的含中心穿透裂纹板的剩余极限强度,利用弹塑性有限元分析方法对现有的具有中心穿透裂纹板进行了双向拉伸载荷下的极限拉伸强度分析,得到了与实验结果比较吻合的结果;系列有限元计算结果表明,结构剩余极限强度随有效裂纹长度的增大而线性降低,并推导了具有较高精度的极限拉伸强度计算公式;最后对轴向压缩载荷作用下的具有初始挠度的中心穿透裂纹板进行了剩余极限强度分析,分析了裂纹参数和结构初始缺陷对其相对剩余极限强度的影响.计算结果表明,此时结构的剩余极限强度主要取决于结构中存在的初始缺陷的大小.     

均匀受压含裂纹损伤加筋板的极限承载能力分析

  目的  长期服役于恶劣海洋环境中的船舶与海洋工程结构,不可避免地会产生裂纹和点蚀,这些损伤会对结构的极限承载能力产生较大影响。为探讨裂纹、点蚀同时存在时对结构承载能力的影响,  方法  采用非线性有限元法开展含裂纹、点蚀损伤的加筋板在轴向压载作用下的极限强度研究。在讨论网格尺寸对含裂纹、点蚀损伤加筋板极限强度影响的基础上,开展裂纹点蚀坑相对位置、点蚀数目、裂纹长度对含裂纹、点蚀损伤加筋板剩余极限强度的影响。  结果  计算结果表明,裂纹长度、点蚀的增加会使加筋板的剩余极限强度下降明显。  结论  这些结果可用于指导全寿期船舶与海洋工程结构的设计与维护。     

挖泥船破损强度分析研究

对单长泥舱布置的挖泥船进行舱段破损强度分析。应用传统理论方法对船舶破损后的载荷进行计算,根据CCS的《钢质海船入级与建造规范》(2004)计算船舶两种工况的弯矩剪力,通过建立船舶舱段非线性有限元模型,计算舱段的极限强度。对以上三种计算结果进行比较分析,得出相关结论。     

水下爆炸载荷作用下舰船结构极限强度研究

在对水下爆炸载荷作用下典型舰船结构损伤研究的基础上,分析了塑性变形和各种破口形状尺寸等受损情况下Nishihara箱形梁的极限强度,得出结论:有破口的箱形梁未必比有塑性变形的极限强度小,若中剖面破口长度相等,则破口面积越大极限强度越小。利用NAPA软件建立典型舰船的模型得出设计载荷并导入MSC.Patran划分网格、定义属性并施加载荷与边界条件,运用MSC.Dytran模拟水下爆炸载荷高瞬态非线性分析,通过MSC.Nastran与工程软件MARS对该模型进行极限强度非线性分析对比,提出了一种对真实爆炸损伤状态下的舰船结构极限强度计算方法,证明其运用于结构设计校核极限强度的有效性和安全性。     

铝合金夹心板结构极限承载能力有限元分析

随着新材料及新型结构的不断出现,以往的线性理论已不能满足现代工程设计的需要.本文利用MSC.NASTRAN的弧长法对一种新型铝合金夹心板结构进行了极限承载能力有限元分析,跟踪出了其屈曲平衡路径以及破坏模式.为验证有限元模拟的准确性,对结构进行了静载强度模型试验.研究结果表明,计算结果与试验符合较好.     

环口板加强T形管节点抗冲击性能机理研究

为深入研究环口板加强后T形管节点的抗冲击性能,文章采用试验研究和有限元研究相结合的方法,对未加强和环口板加强T形管节点的抗冲击性能进行了比较研究,旨在确定环口板加强节点受冲击后的典型破坏模态;并通过对变形发展、局部变形和整体变形的区分、冲击力-位移关系曲线、能量耗散等分析,揭示环口板加强节点的抗冲击工作机理,研究环口板的局部加强作用,确定环口板加强方式的有效性,可为管结构抗冲击设计和加固维护提供参考。     

船体板格极限强度数值计算影响因素及敏感分析

船体板格极限强度的有限元计算方法应用广泛,但其计算方法具有一定的不稳定性,计算结果受多种因素的影响.本文针对船体板格有限元计算方法的不稳定性进行研究,通过将有限元计算结果与其他学者的研究成果进行对比,验证本文所采用的有限元方法的可靠性,然后针对板格材料、初始缺陷、网格密度、边界条件等几种因素的敏感性进行具体研究,发现理想应力应变关系会使得结果偏于危险.网格形状和网格密度对于结果均有影响,边界条件对于有限元结果有影响,最大误差在7.2%,并且模型3会使得结果偏于危险.初始缺陷是一敏感因素,最大误差在20%,因此需要根据实际缺陷选取合适的屈曲模态和比例因子.     

K型、双K型圆管相贯节点极限承载力的非线性有限元分析

利用非线性分析的有限元方法对K型和双K型圆管相贯节点进行了数值计算，揭示了节点极限承载力随各几何参数的变化规律及主管作用荷载对节点极限承载力的影响，分别绘制出各影响参数的载荷一位移曲线，并将分析结果和钢结构标准GB50017—2003进行了比较，所得结论供工程设计参考应用。     

含初始变形船体加筋板有效宽度及剩余极限强度研究

为了评估舰船结构损伤后的剩余强度,对船体加筋板出现初始几何变形后,参与总纵强度的有效宽度和加筋板剩余极限强度进行研究。将加筋板受到垂直于平面压力后的变形,作为其初始几何变形,改变变形的方向和大小,利用有限元软件Ansys对加筋板结构进行线性和非线性分析。定义了板有效宽度计算方法,对不同变形方向和变形幅值时板的有效宽度和加筋板的极限强度进行对比分析,并拟合得到了计算板有效宽度和加筋板极限强度的经验公式。结果表明,初始几何变形会削弱加筋板结构的强度。在对损伤后船体结构强度进行分析和校核时,提出的经验公式可以直接用来计算板的有效宽度和加筋板的极限强度。     

点蚀损伤板在复杂受力状态下的极限强度研究

采用非线性有限元软件模拟船底板单面点腐蚀,通过对边缘载荷系数比、蚀坑分布、直径、深度的改变,经过一系列的数值计算分析,结果表明横向载荷和侧压对板的极限强度影响不可忽略,计算板的极限承载能力时需要考虑计及侧压与横向载荷。在复杂受力状态下,就单考虑蚀坑深度时,板表面的蚀坑深度在0~0.5t区间变化时,极限强度相应的折减率比大于1/2板厚时更大,极限强度对蚀坑深度更加敏感。腐蚀面积不能有效表征腐蚀程度,当DOP系数相同时,点蚀后板的最小横截面决定了极限强度的大小。     

Ultimate strength design of stiffened plates under axial compression and bending

The basis for design of stiffened plates under longitudinal compression is outlined and predictions using several codes are compared against numerical results from an inelastic beam-column formulation and test results. In order to explore the inherent differences in column behaviour separately from discrepancies arising due to plate panel behaviour, the code predictions are re-evaluated adopting a common plate panel effective width formulation. On this basis, a critical review of code methods is made and some modifications are proposed.

The effect of the magnitude and direction of applied uniform bending on the axial capacity of stiffened plates is investigated by comparing two alternative design approaches, namely an interaction equation and a method based on the Perry equation, against results from numerical analyses and from rigid plastic theory. The interaction equation is invariably more conservative than the Perry approach but its simplicity tends to be convenient for routine design applications. Finally, results of numerical analyses, together with experimental results from previous studies, on continuous stiffened plates under combined axial compression and lateral pressure are presented and available design guidance is discussed.     

船体梁极限强度非线性有限元计算方法研究

文章针对Dow 1/3比例护卫舰模型,进行多种方案的船体梁极限强度非线性有限元计算,通过与Smith方法和模型试验结果的对比分析,研究船体梁极限强度非线性有限元建模技术,给出一种较为准确高效的船体梁极限强度非线性有限元计算方法。对于完善《船体梁极限强度的非线性有限元方法计算指南》具有一定的参考价值。     

Improved design formulas for the ultimate strength of platings with circular openings and manholes under uniaxial compression

The paper focuses on the ultimate strength of perforated platings with circular openings and manholes, eventually reinforced by ringed or carling stiffeners, in order to develop a comprehensive and rationale format, useful to assess the ultimate capacity of perforated plate panels under uniaxial compression. In this respect, a large number of FE simulations is performed by Ansys Mechanical APDL, in order to provide new design formulas for the ultimate strength of platings with circular openings or manholes and, subsequently, for perforated plate panels reinforced by local stiffeners. The design formulas are developed by properly varying the opening size and the scantlings of ringed or carling stiffeners, in order to provide a comprehensive set of design curves. Hence, the incidence of the opening longitudinal position on the ultimate capacity of perforated platings, without and with local stiffeners, is also investigated. Finally, the proposed equations are applied in a straightforward design example. Based on current results, the new design formulas allow a reliable assessment of the ultimate capacity of platings with circular openings or manholes and the incidence of local stiffeners on the plating ultimate strength, so providing a rationale design format that could be easily embodied in current Rules and guidelines.     

平台支撑的潜艇内部平面舱壁极限强度的模型试验研究

为了研究平台支撑的潜艇内部平面舱壁极限强度,根据实艇舱壁结构,按1∶2的缩尺比设计制作了一个舱壁模型,采用内压试验方法进行了模型极限承载能力的试验.利用国际通用的大型非线性有限元分析软件MSC/MARC,对舱壁模型进行了几何/材料的双重非线性的有限元分析,试验值与有限元分析计算值吻合良好.通过对模型试验结果的分析,得出了一些对指导潜艇平面舱壁结构设计有实用价值的结论.     

Ultimate torsional strength of flat-bar stiffeners attached to flat plating under axial compression

A parametric study based on numerical analysis using an efficient non-linear finite element method code is presented for the simulation of the interactive flexural-torsional failure behaviour of flat-bar stiffeners in plates under uniform axial compression. The restraining effect of the structural components on one another is investigated by varying the plate and stiffener slenderness. Initial imperfection levels partinent to marine structures have been accounted for. Strength curves for the allowable stress at the top of the stiffener due to elasto-plastic torsional buckling are given for use with approximate design formulas.     

Bi-fidelity Kriging model for reliability analysis of the ultimate strength of stiffened panels

A method based on a Bi-fidelity Kriging model is proposed for structural reliability analysis. It is based on adding low-fidelity data samples to the model to predict high-fidelity values, thus saving computational effort. Distance Correlation develops the correlation between the low and high-fidelity functions, initially proposed to assess the correlation between two variables. The bi-fidelity Kriging response surface model's efficiency as a surrogate model will be assessed for structural reliability problems that demand high computational costs, such as nonlinear finite element analysis structural models. The efficiency assessment is performed by comparing the accuracy of the failure probability predictions based on the Subset Simulation and First-order reliability method using the Bi-fidelity Kriging model as a surrogate for the performance function. The idea is illustrated by considering a representative component of marine structures analyzed by finite element analysis to create bi-fidelity scenarios to assess structural reliability with many variables. The results show that the proposed multi-fidelity method can provide an accurate failure probability estimation with less computational cost.     

横梁腹板开孔剪切稳定性加强方式

船体结构中,为方便管线通过,常需在横梁腹板上开孔,这将影响横梁的强度和稳定性。本文主要针对腹板开孔对其剪切稳定性影响进行讨论,并为补偿开孔后腹板剪切稳定性的损失,采用有限元弹性屈曲分析方法,探讨了常用的加强筋、围缘扁钢和复板3种加强方式在不同加强尺寸下的加强效果。本文的计算和分析结果能为横梁腹板开孔的加强设计提供一定的参考。