客运站选址:集中与分散结合

2007年10月,交通部提出了"要保证70%以上的客货运附加费用于道路运输发展,并积极争取财政投入,多渠道筹集社会资金。在资金使用上,重点投放在道路运输站场、农村客运、道路运输信息化建设、运输安全管理和应急运输保障上。"因此,目前乃至今后一段时间内,进一步增加汽车客运站数量,提高建设质量和效率,完善汽车客运站功能,优化汽车客运站布局,这将成     

汽车客运站破局之路

<正>"汽车客运站经营好坏、效益如何,直接影响到道路客运行业的整体效益。新形势下,汽车客运站应借助自身优势顺势而为,转变思路,创新服务,实现模式多样化、服务快捷化、布局网络化、商业价值最大化、资源利用最大化。"汽车客运站作为道路运输的窗口,是综合交通的重要组成部分,多年来一直承担着主要的发送旅客任务,但在目前激烈的客运竞争中,汽车客运站的角色正在悄然变化。2015     

对区域公路站场规划国民经济评价几个问题的探讨

<正> 一、引言 交通部在“七五”末提出了“三主一支持”的交通发展战略,并从“八五”初期开始在全国范围内进行统一规划、统筹安排、建设公路主枢纽。随着这一战略规划的逐步实施,区域公路站场布局与规划的可行性研究工作迫在眉睫。 区域公路站场,是某省某一地区公路汽车客运站,货运站、集装箱公路中转站、停车场、汽车检测站、汽车修理厂、汽车加油站等的总称;其建设规划一般包括几十个甚至上百个不同县、市、镇站场建设项目,规划年度有时长达20年,从空间规模、时间跨度上,都远远超     

谈谈广州公路客运站点的规划思路——面点统筹、分层布局的构想

<正> 公路客运站是城市对外交通的重要组成部分,客运站的合理布局可以扩大对外交流、增强城市实力、改善投资环境。广州作为珠江三角洲的开发重点和中心,其客运站的规划布局显得尤为重要。 本文从分析广州市公路网及其客流特征出发,在归纳总结原广州公路客运站规划布局问题的基础上,根据客运需求及其发展趋势,提出了“客运站体系”的概念,并给出了“面点统筹、分层三步规划布局”方法的构想。     

“十二五”贵州道路运输新机遇

“十一五”时期,是道路运输站场快速建设时期。在此期间,贵州省共修建各类客运站827个,其中枢纽组织中心5个,农村客运站798个。截至目前,全省共有各类客运站915个,其中枢纽客运站、组织管理中心16个、县级汽车客运站76个、旅游风景区客运站4个、农村客运站818个、汽车货运站1个。从分布上看,贵州省每个县城和近一半的乡镇都有了一个客运站,     

微利站场：市场的挤压下须清醒

在客运站场的建设上既要考虑外界条件的影响，又要考虑投资回报，只有充分协调两者之间的关系，对客运站场建设进行合理选址、合理规划、合理布局，才能充分发挥客运站的职能，为旅客提供及时、方便、舒适、优质的服务，提高客运站的社会效益和经济效益，确保客运站场的可持续发展。     

为什么客运站选址引发争议?

2007年,交通部公布的《国家公路运输枢纽布局规划》确定了179个国家公路运输枢纽,一时间,公路运输站场特别是客运站的选址布局惹起了广泛争议.     

承东启西 贯南通北——郑州国家公路客运枢纽强化中原城市群效应

郑州国家公路客运枢纽作为郑州市综合客运体系的建设平台,布局时充分考虑了与其他运输方式的客运站场布局相衔接,以减少旅客的换乘次数,提高综合运输效率。     

基于改进因子的客运量灰色预测方法及其应用

基于国家政策、地方政策等方面的影响,对灰色系统理论进行了改进,在灰色系统计算的解中加入改进因子,提出了一种基于改进因子的客运量灰色预测方法,并通过加入节点重要度,将市域客运量分配到各个主要车站,最终得到规划年目标城市的客运站客运规模。通过对贵阳市客运总量的核算,证明了提出的改进算法的有效性,并且利用节点重要度,计算得到了贵阳市2020年各主要客运站的客运规模。基于贵阳市各主要客运站的客运规模以及重要程度,通过引入新的思路,对主要客运的布局、功能进行规划,最终得到了贵阳市2020年公路客运枢纽布局规划。     

汽车客运站安全管理存在的问题与思考

2004年1月初盐城市交通、安监、运管等部门相关人员组成调查组,深入到盐城市的1家一级客运站、5家二级客运站进行调研,发现了一些具有共性的问题,需要引起汽车客运站场、客运企业和监管部门的高度重视,并采取切实措施加以解决.     

An adapted geographically weighted LASSO (Ada-GWL) model for predicting subway ridership

Transportation - Ridership prediction at station level plays a critical role in subway transportation planning. Among various existing ridership prediction methods, direct demand model has been...     

What determines rail transit passenger volume? Implications for transit oriented development planning

Transit oriented development (TOD) has been an important topic for urban transportation planning research and practice. This paper is aimed at empirically examining the effect of rail transit station-based TOD on daily station passenger volume. Using integrated circuit (IC) card data on metro passenger volumes and cellular signaling data on the spatial distribution of human activities in Shanghai, the research identifies variations in ridership among rail transit stations. Then, regression analysis is performed using passenger volume in each station as the dependent variable. Explanatory variables include station area employment and population, residents’ commuting distances, metro network accessibility, status as interchange station, and coupling with commercial activity centers. The main findings are: (1) Passenger volume is positively associated with employment density and residents’ commuting distance around station; (2) stations with earlier opening dates and serving as transfer nodes tend to have positive association with passenger volumes; (3) metro stations better integrated with nearby commercial development tend to have larger passenger volumes. Several implications are drawn for TOD planning: (1) TOD planning should be integrated with rail transit network planning; (2) location of metro stations should be coupled with commercial development; (3) high employment densities should be especially encouraged as a key TOD feature; and (4) interchange stations should be more strategically positioned in the planning for rail transit network.     

《防超劳预警表》的实践与思考

通过对《机车乘务员超劳预警通知书》进行电子化改造和相关功能完善,目标是为了通过可视化的提醒方式,向机务段派班员、机车调度员、计划调度员、列车调度员以及车站值班员等直接涉及运输组织的人员提供机车乘务员劳动时间的相关信息,以便实现对超劳情况的提前发现、提前组织,减少由于信息传递滞后造成的机车乘务员超劳情况。     

输卤管道的研究

介绍的管道工程采用首站开泵一泵到底的常温、密闭、连续输送的输送工艺,根据设计输量和确定的管径,全线只设首、末站两个站场。以淮安-连云港碱厂卤水输送管道为例,对输卤管道工程设计计算方法进行了分析和探讨,重点分析了管材的选取和防腐方面应注意的问题,为其他输卤管道工程提供参考。     

瓮马铁路南北延伸线引入都匀地区方案研究

通过分析都匀地区既有铁路现状及规划铁路,结合瓮马铁路货物流向,提出了瓮马铁路南延线引入黔桂线的必要性。结合都匀地区地形、城市规划和自然保护区范围,研究了瓮马铁路在黔桂线的前方站(都匀北站)或黔桂线绿荫湖站设置交接场引入都匀地区的方案,考虑到运营管理分解划分明确,减少折角运输,一次性建成南北直通通道,吸引国铁直通车流等因素,宜采用设置都匀北站交接场的方案。根据线路引入既有黔桂线接轨点的不同,对双线区间接轨方案、新都匀站站房同侧引入方案和新都匀站站房对侧引入方案进行分析,从工程量、工程投资、运输组织、施工难度及风险、投资建设模式等方面比较,得出双线区间接轨引入都匀地区方案最优。     

Assessing communicative rationality as a transportation planning paradigm

Communicative rationality offers a new paradigm for transportation planning. Drawing on the literature and lessons from transportation planning practice, this paper describes the characteristics of a “communicative” form of transportation planning and compares them with conventional practices. A communicative rationality paradigm would place language and discourse at the core of transportation planning. The paper argues that it would lead to greater attention to desired transportation ends (goals), better integration of means and ends, new forms of participation and learning, and enhanced deliberative capacity. The paper explains the implications of this paradigm for the role of the transportation planner, the purpose of planning, the planning process, communicative practices, problem framing, and the nature of planning analysis. The paper concludes with an assessment of communicative rationality's ability to promote more effective transportation planning. It seeks to create a dialogue that will support the investigation of new transportation planning processes. This revised version was published online in June 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

Forecasting the short-term metro passenger flow with empirical mode decomposition and neural networks

Short-term passenger flow forecasting is a vital component of transportation systems. The forecasting results can be applied to support transportation system management such as operation planning, and station passenger crowd regulation planning. In this paper, a hybrid EMD-BPN forecasting approach which combines empirical mode decomposition (EMD) and back-propagation neural networks (BPN) is developed to predict the short-term passenger flow in metro systems. There are three stages in the EMD-BPN forecasting approach. The first stage (EMD Stage) decomposes the short-term passenger flow series data into a number of intrinsic mode function (IMF) components. The second stage (Component Identification Stage) identifies the meaningful IMFs as inputs for BPN. The third stage (BPN Stage) applies BPN to perform the passenger flow forecasting. The historical passenger flow data, the extracted EMD components and temporal factors (i.e., the day of the week, the time period of the day, and weekday or weekend) are taken as inputs in the third stage. The experimental results indicate that the proposed hybrid EMD-BPN approach performs well and stably in forecasting the short-term metro passenger flow.     

The Bid-rent Land Use Model of the simple,efficient, elegant,and effective model of land use and transportation

Integrated land use/transportation forecasting models add significant policy and infrastructure alternatives analysis capabilities to the urban planning process. The financial, time, and staff requirements to develop these models has put them beyond the reach of most small to medium sized urban areas. This paper presents the land use allocation submodel of the Simple, Efficient, Elegant, and Effective model of land use and transportation (SE³M), an integrated land use and transportation forecasting model founded upon Economic Base Theory and Bid-rent Theory. The Bid-rent Land Use Model (BLUM) is an agent based, spatial competition model utilizing unique utility curves for willingness to pay and incomes for budget constrained abilities to pay for each agent. The model structure, estimation, calibration, implementation, and validation are presented. With a single year of land use data available, the validation approach used the Kappa Index of Agreement to spatially check model outputs against base year control data while controlling for agreement by chance. The U.S. territory of Guam is used as the case study/proof of concept implementation for this model framework. Once calibrated, BLUM could solve the spatial competition problem on Guam in less than two minutes of processing time with over 90% accuracy.     

Spatio-temporal analysis of rail station ridership determinants in the built environment

The development of new routes and stations, as well as changes in land use, can have significant impacts on public transit ridership. Thus, transport departments and governments should seek to determine the level and spatio-temporal dependency of these impacts with the aim of adjusting services or improving planning. However, existing studies primarily focus on predicting ridership, and pay relatively little attention to analyzing the determinants of ridership from temporal and spatial perspectives. Consequently, no comprehensive cognition of the spatio-temporal relationship between station ridership and the built environment can be obtained from previous models, which makes them unable to facilitate the optimization of transportation demands and services. To rectify this problem, we have employed a Bayesian negative binomial regression model to identify the significant impact factors associated with entry/exit ridership at different periods of the day. Based on this model, we formulated geographically weighted models to analyze the spatial dependency of these impacts over different periods. The spatio-temporal relationship between station ridership and the built environment was analyzed using data from Beijing. The results reveal that the temporal impacts of most ridership determinants are related to the passenger trip patterns. Furthermore, the spatial impacts correspond with the determinants’ spatial distribution, and the results give some implications on urban and transportation planning. This analysis gives a common analytical framework analyzing impacts of urban characteristics on ridership, and extending researches on how we capture the impacts of urban and other factors on ridership from a comprehensive perspective.

     

The evaluation of the spatial integration of station areas via the node place model; an application to subway station areas in Tehran

Urban planners usually consider the transportation system and land use systems in different ways. The node place model is an analytical tool that explores the interaction between the transportation and land use systems in station areas in an urban region. The essential issue with the node place model is spatial. To address this issue, spatial indices are added to the model. Another purpose of this paper is to provide a procedure to identify the most effective transportation and land use dynamics in station areas. In this respect, canonical correlation analysis was conducted on data concerning Tehran’s subway stations. The resulting spatial indices have a fairly logical relationship with other transportation and land use indices, and it is useful to incorporate these indices in the node place model. The case studies demonstrated that a well-integrated, continuous and dense spatial configuration of the street network in station areas is associated with an increase in the variety and intensity of activities, an increase in the workforce and better accessibility for the station by attracting greater pedestrian movement. Additionally, these case studies indicated that to sustain a station area, the streets that exist in a station area and the streets that are connected to a station should be connected to the streets that locally benefit from well-integrated areas within fewer steps.