崇左大桥病害的诊断及处理方案探讨

文章结合广西崇左大桥病害治理工程实例,对危桥病害成因及处理方案进行了分析,为危桥检测、加固提供了参考。     

某刚性吊杆系杆拱桥病害分析及加固对策研究

文章依托某系杆拱桥维修加固工程案例,分析了该桥型的典型病害及其成因,从加固原理及适用性出发,对该桥的加固方法进行比对研究,得出了合理的加固方案,并建立有限元模型对加固方案进行了验算分析,以期为该桥型的病害处置提供理论参考。     

高速公路隧道病害成因及治理技术分析

结合具体的山区公路隧道实例,首先分析了现今高速公路隧道病害的基本情况及主要类型,接着给出病害治理的几项技术,即锚杆加固、水害加强、拱背注浆以及碳纤维粘贴等,并从健康监测方面提出养护措施,以期为高速公路隧道病害的治理工作提供一些帮助。     

某悬索桥加固设计与计算

＂吊拉组合体系＂法是加固悬索桥的有效方法之一。文章以某悬索桥加固工程为例,通过对该桥技术和病害状况的分析,提出了基于＂吊拉组合体系＂法的加固设计方案与结构计算方法,并介绍了相应的施工工艺。     

自锚式加固结构对滑坡区隧道的治理效果研究

滑坡区隧道存在变形破坏等病害,文章采用自锚式新型加固结构对位于深厚滑坡体滑面上部附近的隧道进行加固处置,并通过理论计算和数值计算就自锚式加固结构的加固效果进行研究分析。理论计算结果表明:采用新型加固结构后,隧道内力分布更加均布合理,变形也得到了有效的约束,验证了新型加固结构具有良好的加固效果。数值计算结果表明:采用新型加固结构后,隧道内力分布更加合理,最大主应力明显减小,应力集中区消失,同时变形也得到了有效的约束;新型加固结构的作用范围仅体现在隧道围岩及下部岩土,滑坡最终将发生越顶破坏,验证了自锚式新型加固结构只加固隧道而不治理滑坡的加固理念。     

钢筋混凝土双肋箱拱桥加固设计及效果评价

文章以某大跨径钢筋混凝土双肋箱拱桥加固改造工程为依托,在结构验算及病害原因分析的基础上,根据该桥结构病害治理和提升荷载等级的要求,提出针对性的加固改造设计,并通过实桥荷载试验进行试验验证。该设计改善了结构的使用功能并显著提高了结构承载能力,可为类似的双肋箱拱桥的加固改造提供参考。     

危旧双曲拱桥加固方法研究

文章以广西民安大桥为例,对双曲拱桥的病害进行了详细调查及原因分析,根据理论计算成果提出了在主拱肋下缘现浇钢筋混凝土的加固方法。该方法可以在不中断交通的条件下进行加固施工,节约了投资,经济效益显著。     

旧石拱桥病害与加固分析

首先介绍了石拱桥常见的病害及成因;然后对石拱桥加固的方法进行了总结;最后对工程实例的病害、加固方法及加固前的承载力进行了分析,计算得到加固前后主拱圈和腹拱圈承载力提高15%以上,表明所采用的钢筋混凝土套箍加固石拱桥的方法效果良好。     

装配式空心板铰缝破坏模式及加固措施研究

装配式空心板铰缝处于多向受力的复合应力状态,是空心板横向传递荷载的关键部位也是薄弱部位,铰缝破损也是导致"单板受力"主要因素。为研究在役预应力混凝土空心板铰缝的破坏模式及加固方案,笔者在总结铰缝表观病害的基础上借助数值分析手段开展铰缝破坏模式研究,并基于铰缝病害机理多角度多层次地提出了针对性的加固措施,为类似病害的防治和修复提供理论支撑和技术借鉴。     

公路工程中灌浆加固技术的应用

高速公路通车运营后,各种公路病害随着时间逐渐显现,其中以影响路基稳定的病害最为严重,灌浆技术是治理路基病害的有效措施,我国黄土湿陷区域较广,另外还存在大量不良地基需要加固处理,灌浆法加固技术具有施工工艺简单,施工速度快,加固效果好,成本低廉等显著优点,因此在高速公路地基加固中的应用越来越广泛.     

降雨型滑坡的形成及链式演化机理分析

文章阐述了滑坡体的结构类型与破坏模式,分析了降雨对滑坡体作用的链式过程,并通过建立有限元模型进行模拟计算,预测滑坡体稳定的极限状态,分析在降雨作用下滑坡体特征参数的变化以及应力应变的情况,为滑坡体灾害的防治提供理论参考。     

地震诱发滑坡的链式阶段势能分析

文章基于链式理论,介绍了地震诱发滑坡的过程及其阶段划分,并根据热力学中颗粒与系统势能的关系,探讨了地震滑坡各阶段所对应的势能变化过程及其大小,阐述了各阶段产生的因为以及地震滑坡结束的条件,提出了一种计算地震滑坡发生时所释放能量大小的简便算法.     

Modeling chain collisions in vehicular networks with variable penetration rates

The vehicular ad hoc network has great potential in improving traffic safety. One of the most important and interesting issues in the research community is the safety evaluation with limited penetration rates of vehicles equipped with inter-vehicular communications. In this paper, a stochastic model is proposed for analyzing the vehicle chain collisions. It takes into account the influences of different penetration rates, the stochastic nature of inter-vehicular distance distribution, and the different kinematic parameters related to driver and vehicle. The usability and accuracy of this model is tested and proved by comparative experiments with Monte Carlo simulations. The collision outcomes of a platoon in different penetration rates and traffic scenarios are also analyzed based on this model. These results are useful to provide theoretical insights into the safety control of a heterogeneous platoon.     

扁平链斗式捞砂船船体强度探讨

文章针对广西内河扁平链斗式捞砂船结构的特点,通过对实船进行检查与调研,结合现行国家相关规范的要求及扁平链斗式捞砂船船体强度实际问题,探讨了整改措施和一些基本的技术要求。     

广西公路典型地质灾害特征与易发性评价

文章通过调查分析广西干线公路地质灾害的类型、发育特征与形成机制,采用定性、半定量的方法,对崩塌、滑坡、不稳定斜坡等典型灾种的易发性开展分段评价,为做好典型地质灾害防治决策、保障公路安全提供参考。     

西部地区公路地质灾害监测预报技术研究

“西部地区公路地质灾害监测预报技术研究”项目针对西部地区公路地质灾害危险性区划、滑坡、崩塌与泥石流监测预报及地质灾害安全管理等关键技术问题进行深入系统研究,形成了公路滑坡、崩塌与泥石流监测预报成套技术,建立了公路地质灾害数据标准,构建了“基于GIS的公路地质灾害监测预报信息系统”平台,实现了公路地质灾害监测实时分析处理和动态预报,为地质灾害综合管理提供技术支撑。     

Risk-based spatial zone determination problem for stage-based evacuation operations

This study seeks to determine risk-based evacuation subzones for stage-based evacuation operations in a region threatened/affected by a disaster so that information-based evacuation strategies can be implemented in real-time for the subzone currently with highest evacuation risk to achieve some system-level performance objectives. Labeled the evacuation risk zone (ERZ), this subzone encompasses the spatial locations containing the population with highest evacuation risk which is a measure based on whether the population at a location can be safely evacuated before the disaster impacts it. The ERZ for a stage is calculated based on the evolving disaster characteristics, traffic demand pattern, and network supply conditions over the region in real-time subject to the resource limitations (personnel, equipment, etc.) of the disaster response operators related to implementing the evacuation strategies. Thereby, the estimated time-dependent lead time to disaster impact at a location and the estimated time-dependent clearance time based on evolving traffic conditions are used to compute evacuation risk. This time-unit measure of evacuation risk enables the ERZ concept to be seamlessly applied to different types of disasters, providing a generalized framework for mass evacuation operations in relation to disaster characteristics. Numerical experiments conducted to analyze the performance of the ERZ-based paradigm highlight its benefits in terms of better adapting to the dynamics of disaster impact and ensuring a certain level of operational performance effectiveness benchmarked against the idealized system optimal traffic pattern for the evacuation operation, while efficiently utilizing available disaster response resources.     

高墩大跨径连续刚构桥的地震反应分析

文章以一座薄壁高墩大跨径连续刚构桥工程为背景,建立了成桥状态的有限元计算分析模型,并利用反应谱法和时程分析法分析了该桥的地震响应情况。结果表明,该桥具有良好的抗震性能。     

The benefits of a monitoring strategy for firms subject to the Emissions Trading System

This study tests the impact of Internal and External Environmental Management on performance in firms subject to the European Union’s Emissions Trading System (ETS). A conceptual model is drawn up based on the existing literature, and tested on a large sample of Italian firms. The unit of analysis is single firms subject to the ETS that are involved in Green Supply Chain Management (GSCM). The ETS mechanism has been shown to be marginally beneficial for some firms while supply chain relationships are also influenced by such system. Firms need to identify suitable practices to boost the effectiveness of their environmental strategies. We propose the implementation of a monitoring strategy as a useful practice for firms to be environmentally and economically better off. Our results show that firms subject to the ETS should rely on their own (internal) Environmental Management alone for improving environmental performance, as collaboration with suppliers only has a positive impact on economic performance. However, implementation of a monitoring strategy allows a firm subject to the ETS to partially offset the inefficiency created by the system. We show that environmental collaboration does not become more effective when a monitoring practice is put in place.     

钢筋混凝土结构地震破坏机理的材料分析

在工程结构的抗灾研究中,首要关注的是材料受灾后的性能变化,即灾害对材料物理力学性能的影响,亦即材料在灾害作用下的损伤。文章从分析钢筋混凝土结构受地震作用后的损害机理入手,结合材料内部性能的改变,探讨了结构损害的根本原因,并提出合理有效的改善措施,以减少地震多发区的灾害损失。