Effects of erigeron breviscapus （Vant.） Hand-Mazz pretreatment on pathology and oxyradical level following spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion injury in rabbits

Objective To investigate the effects of erigeron breviscapus (Vant.) Hand-Mazz (erigeron breviscapus) pretreatment on pathology and oxyradical level in the spinal cord after ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in rabbits. Methods A total of 40 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups: sham-operation group with 10 rabbits treated with only abdominal aorta exposure without occlusion, control group with 15 rabbits that underwent ischemia for 50 minutes and treated with matched saline, and experimental group with 15 rabbits that underwent ischemia for 50 minutes and treated with erigeron breviscapus (9mg/kg) injection before ischemia. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in the spinal cord were examined at 6 and 24 hours after I/R, respectively. The morphological changes and the number of the spinal cord anterior horn motor neurons were observed and counted under the light microscope and electron microscope, respectively. Results The level of MDA was markedly decreased and SOD activity was increased in the experimental group compared with those in the control group (P<0.01). Compared with that in the control group, the number of motor neurons in the experimental group significantly increased at 24h after I/R (P<0.01) and the morphous of the motor neurons improved. Conclusion Erigeron breviscapus can reduce oxyradical production and the apoptosis of nerve cells, and protect nerve tissue structure and function after spinal cord I/R.     

实验性骶_1神经根损伤对家猫体感诱发电位的影响

作者观察了12只猫在不同程度骶神经根受损后刺激胫后神经和腓肠神经诱发的腰髓电位(LP)和皮层电位(CP)的改变。结果发现:S_1神经根受损时,刺激腓肠神经诱发的LP改变最明显,其CP次之;刺激胫后神经诱发的LP改变较小,其CP无显著变化。SEP的改变特征主要表现为波幅下降,而潜伏期无明显变化。     

A STUDY ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN MAGNETIC STIMULATION MEP AND THE NEUROPATHOLOGY OF THE CHRONIC COMPRESSED LESION OF CAT'S CERVICAL NERVE ROOTS AND THE SIGNIFICANCE OF ITS QUANTITATIVE DIAGNOSIS

ＴｈｅｔｅｃｈｎｉｑｕｅｏｆｍａｇｎｅｔｉｃｓｔｉｍｕｌａｔｉｏｎＭＥＰｈａｓｐｒｏｇｒｅｓｓｅｄｒａｐｉｄｌｙｓｉｎｃｅｉｔｃａｍｅｉｎｔｏｂｅｉｎｇｉｎ１９８５．Ｎｏｗｉｔｉｓｃｏｎｓｉｄｅｒｅｄｔｏｂｅａｂｌｅｔｏｃｏｎｆｉｒｍｔｈｅｌｅｓｉｏ...     

EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON SPINAL CORD INJURY TREATED WITH THE COMBINATION OF FETAL SPINAL CORD TRANSPLANTATION AND METHYLPREDNISOLONE

ＴｈｅｔｈｅｒａｐｙｏｆＬａｒｇｅＤｏｓａｇｅｏｆＭｅｔｈｙｌｐｒｅｄｉｎ ｓｏｌｏｎｅ(ＭＰ)ｆｏｒＳＣＩｈａｓｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｅｄｃｌｉｎｉｃａｌｌｙｂｅｃａｕｓｅｉｔｃａｎｇｒｅａｔｌｙｉｍｐｏｖｅｔｈｅｎｅｒｖｅｆｕｎｃｔｉｏｎ .Ｉｎｔｈｅｍｅａｎ ｔｉｍｅ,ａｎｉｍａｌｔｅｓｔｓｈａｖｅａｌｒｅａｄｙｆｏｕｎｄｔｈａｔｉｆｆｅｔａｌｓｐｉｎａｌｃｏｒｄｉｓｔｒａｎｓｐｌａｎｔｅｄｔｏｔｈｅｉｎｊｕｒｅｄｓｐｉｎａｌｃｏｒｄａｒｅａ ,ｉｔｃａｎｓｔｉｍｕｌａｔｅｔｈｅａｘｏｎｓｏｆｔｈｅｈｏｓ…     

脊髓损伤后大鼠后肢运动功能恢复不同评分标准的比较

目的比较脊髓损伤(SCI)后大鼠后肢运动功能恢复的不同评分标准的优劣。方法40只SD成熟雌性大鼠随机分为正常组(Normal组)、急性脊髓中度损伤组(SCI组)及对照组(CON组),其中SCI组采用改良的Allen打击法,CON组仅行T10椎板切除术。术后1、2、3、4、6周观察大鼠后肢神经功能恢复的情况并记录结果。评价标准分别为:斜板试验评分、改良Tarlov评分及BBB评分。结果SCI组与CON组比较,斜板试验临界角度在1-6周时,均有所减小(P<0.05),尤以第1周时减少更甚(P<0.01);改良Tarlov评分第1、2、3、4周时,分值间的差别非常明显(P<0.01),第6周时,未见变化(P>0.05);而BBB评分各时间点的区分程度非常明显(P<0.01)。结论BBB评分对SCI模型运动功能评价具有明显优势,可作为今后研究的标准评分法。     

川乌对犬脊髓运动神经元损害的实验研究

对川乌中毒犬脊髓及脊神经病检时采用两种染色方法 ,发现其对脊髓腰段、胸段灰质内运动神经元有明显的损害 ,表现为神经元肿大、胞浆淡染、空泡变及神经细胞坏死崩解 ,可见卫星现象及噬神经细胞现象 ,Nissl小体崩解成微细颗粒。说明脊髓运动神经元是其毒性的又一重要靶器官。     

PROTECTIVE EFFECTS OF LIGUSTRAZINE ON ISCHEMIA-REPERFUSION INJURY IN RAT KIDNEYS

Ｄｕｒｉｎｇｒｅｎａｌｉｓｃｈｅｍｉａ ｒｅｐｅｒｆｕｓｉｏｎｉｎｊｒｕｙ ,ｎｕ ｍｅｒｏｕｓｆｒｅｅｒａｄｉｃａｌｓａｒｅｐｒｏｄｕｃｅｄａｎｄＭＤＡ ,ａｐｒｏｄ ｕｃｔｏｆｆｒｅｅｒａｄｉｃａｌ,ａｎｄＥＴ 1ｉｎｋｉｄｎｅｙｓｂｏｔｈｉｎｃｒｅａｓｅｉｎｔｈｅｐｒｏｃｅｓｓｏｆｒｅｐｅｒｆｕｓｉｏｎ .ＳＯＤｉｓｃａｂｌｅｏｆｅｌｉｍｉ ｎａｔｉｎｇｆｒｅｅｒａｄｉｃａｌｓ .ＡｄｍｉｎｉｓｔｒａｔｉｏｎｏｆＳＯＤ ｐｒｉｏｒｔｏｉｓｃｈｅｍｉａｏｒａｔｔｈｅｂｅｇｉｎｎｉｎｇｏｆｒｅｐｅｒｆｕｓｉｏ…     

细胞外ATP对大鼠脊髓损伤后运动功能恢复的影响

目的研究细胞外ATP对大鼠脊髓损伤后运动功能恢复的影响。方法健康成年Wistar大鼠20只,雌雄不限,体重280-320 g,平均300 g,制作成脊髓打击伤动物模型,并随机分为两组:A组(ATP组)和B组(对照组),每组10只。伤后1、3、7、14、28 d用改良的Tarlov评分、斜板试验观察大鼠运动功能的恢复情况。结果大鼠脊髓损伤后A组改良的Tarlov评分、斜板试验优于对照组,在14 d和28 d,改良的Tarlov评分、斜板试验A组明显优于B组(P<0.05)。结论细胞外ATP能促进大鼠脊髓损伤后运动功能的恢复。     

Apoptosis of motor neurons in the spinal cord after ischemia reperfusion injury delayed paraplegia in rabbits

Objective To clarify the pathologic change of the motor neuron on spinal cord ischemia reperfusion injury delayed paraplegia. Methods The infrarenal aorta of White New Zealand rabbits （n=24） was occluded for 26 minutes using two bulldog clamps. Rabbits were killed after 8, 24, 72, or 168 hours （n=6 per group）, respectively. The clamps was placed but never clamped in sham-operated rabbits （n=24）. The lumbar segment of the spinal cord （L5 to L7） was used for morphological studies, including hematoxylin and eosin staining, the expression of bcl-2 and bax proteins in spinal cord was detected with immunohistochemistry. The apoptotic neurons in spinal cord were measured with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling of DNA fragments （TUNEL） staining. Results Delayed paraplegia occurred in all rabbits of ischemia reperfusion group at 16-24 hours, but not in sham groups. Motor neurons were selectively lost at 7 days after transient ischemia. After ischemia, the positive expression of bcl-2 protein were in the sham controls but decreased significantly as compared with that of the IR group （P〈0.01）, especially in 72 hours reperfusion. The positive expression of bax protein were also in the sham controls, but increased in the IR group, especially in 72 hours reperfusion; In addition, TUNEL study demonstrated that no cells were positively labeled until 24 hours after ischemia, but nuclei of some motor neurons were positively labeled at peak after ischemia reperfusion at 72 hours. Oenclusion Spinal cord ischemia in rabbits induces morphological and biochemical changes suggestive of apoptosis. These data raise the possibility that apoptosis contributes to neuronal cell death after spinal cord ischemia reperfnsion.     

大鼠糖尿病痛过敏模型的建立

用腹腔注射链尿佐菌素（ＳＴＺ）建立糖尿病大鼠模型，然后观察其体重、血糖和运动神经传导速度（ＭＮＣＶ）的变化，并以伤害性爪回缩反射和甩尾反射为痛指标测量痛阈。结果表明：腹腔注射ＳＴＺ后，大鼠血糖升高（血糖＞１１．１ｍｍｏｌ／Ｌ），体重增长迟缓，ＭＮＣＶ减慢；实验至第１周时，甩尾反射潜伏期（ＴＦＬ）显著缩短，第２周时，伤害性爪回缩阈值（ＮＰＷＴ）明显降低。上述结果提示，大鼠已产生糖尿病，并处于痛过敏状态。     

The experimental observation on the repairing spinal cord injury by olfactory ensheathing cells allograft of different sources

Objecttive To observe the repaired effect of distinct source olfactory ensheathing cells （OECs） on spinal cord injury （SCI） rats. Methods These OECs were dissociated from olfactory bulb and olfactory mucosa of SD rats and transplanted to the injuried region of spinal cord injury rats. The function of nerve, motor evoked potential of hind legs and the histopathlogical diversities of injuried spinal cord were observed. Results The OECs grafts into the SCI area could survive longer time. The BBB scale, incubation stage of EP and histopathologic manifestations showed that the group with transplanted OECs regained more improvement in hindlimb than the control group. Conclusion The OECs of two sources have the same ability to regain and improve the axonal function which can promote axons regeneration of SCI.     

EFFECTS OF NERVE GROWTH FACTOR ON ENDOTHELIN AFTER SPINAL CORD INJURY IN RATS

Ｗｉｔｈｔｈｅｄｅｖｅｌｏｐｍｅｎｔｏｆｍｅｄｉｃｉｎｅ ,ｓｐｉｎａｌｃｏｒｄｉｎｊｕｒｙ (ＳＣＩ)ｈａｖｅｂｅｅｎｔｈｅｍｏｓｔｄａｎｇｅｒｏｕｓｆａｃｔｏｒｆｏｒｔｈｅｈｅａｌｔｈ .ＢｕｔｎｅｒｖｅｇｒｏｗｔｈｆａｃｔｏｒｍａｙｂｅｔｈｅｈｏｐｅｏｆｔｒｅａｔｍｅｎｔｆｏｒＳＣＩ .Ｗｅｏｂｓｅｒｖｅｄｔｈｅｃｈａｎｇｅｓｏｆｅｎ ｄｏｔｈｅｌｉｎ(ＥＴ)ｓｅｒｕｍｌｅｖｅｌａｆｔｅｒｔｈｅｉｎｊｕｒｙｏｆｓｐｉｎａｌｃｏｒｄ ,ｔｈｅｒｅｓｕｌｔｓｗｅｒｅｒｅｐｏｒｔｅｄｈｅｒｅｔｏｉｎｖｅｓｔｉ…     

CALCIUM ANTAGONIST AND ENDOTHELIN IN THE ACUTE SPINAL INJURY

Acutespinalinjury(ASI)isakindofdiseasecommonlyseeninthedepartmentoforthopedics,withsecondarypathologicinjurycausingthede-layeddamageoftissuestructure.Manybiopatho-giccausespla_y_roles1nthecomplexcourse,how-ever,intrace11ularcalciumoverloadwasregardedasthemajordamageofthesecondaryinjuryofSCl.Withthedevelopmentofendotheliumbioac-tivitystudy,itseffectsonthecentralnervoussys-temdrawmoreandmoreattention.Andtherewerenosystematicreportsontherelationbetweencalciumandendotheliumt1.2i.Thegoalofthisstu…     

家犬腰椎牵拉损伤引起马尾神经功能改变的实验研究

设计了椎间松解及椎体外固定器固定的动物模型 ,通过调整外固定器长度 ,造成椎管内马尾神经牵拉损伤。当外固定器长度增大 2 cm时 ,马尾诱发电位( CESEP)的 N2 波幅度降低。动物清醒后出现 :1后肢运动与感觉障碍 ,神经功能评分明显降低。随牵拉强度增加 ,N2 波幅度逐渐降低并伴 CESEP图形畸变 ,直至最终消失。 2双后肢运动及痛觉丧失。神经功能评分减至 0分。故通过调整外固定器长度 ,可动态改变脊柱牵拉损伤程度 ,损伤程度与 CESEP及动物神经功能评分一致。该模型还有可排除 SEP假阴性或假阳性之突出优点。     

THE SIGNIFICANCE OF DERMATOMAL SOMATOSENSORY EVOKED POTENTIALS IN THE DIAGNOSIS OF LUMBOSACRAL NERVE ROOT COMPRESSION

ＴＨＥＳＩＧＮＩＦＩＣＡＮＣＥＯＦＤＥＲＭＡＴＯＭＡＬＳＯＭＡＴＯＳＥＮＳＯＲＹＥＶＯＫＥＤＰＯＴＥＮＴＩＡＬＳＩＮＴＨＥＤＩＡＧＮＯＳＩＳＯＦＬＵＭＢＯＳＡＣＲＡＬＮＥＲＶＥＲＯＯＴＣＯＭＰＲＥＳＳＩＯＮ（李辉）（陈君长）（王坤正）（贺西京）（鱼全...     

THE EXPRESSION OF BCL-2, BAX AND CASPASE-3 IN NEURON OF THE SPINAL CORD ANTERIOR HORN AFTER CAUDA EQUINA ACUTE COMPRESSION

Objective To explore the influence of the acute cauda equina compression on the iumbosacral spinal cord; To clarify the pathologic change of the motor neuron after acute cauda equina compression. Methods 27 canis familiaris were randomly divided into 9 groups （3 in each） ： one for normal group, one for control group, and seven for compression groups. The control group and compressed groups was given operation and the sac made of silica gel was placed under the lamina of L5-6. Water was injected into the sac until their posterior legs paralysis in compressed groups, the animals had been compressed for 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, 168 hours. The control group were not injected water. Cells apoptosis was investigated with the technology of TdT-mediated biotin dUTP nick end-labeling （TUNEL） staining. The Bcl-2 Bax and Caspase-3 protein was investigated by immunohistochemical method. Results TUNEL staining cells in anterior horn presented after compressed 8-12 hours, and at 72 hours the number of positive cells got to maximum, it decreased subsequently after 168 hours. The protein of Bax, Bcl-2 expressed a little in normal motor neuron. The caspase-3 protein didn＇t express in normal ceil. They all reached the peak at 72 hours after compression. Conclusion The apoptosis of motor neuron occurred earlier after eauda equina acute compression. Bax protein restrained Bcl-2 protein then active caspase-3 and conduced apoptosis of motor neuron.     

大鼠脊髓损伤后MAP-2的表达及与运动功能恢复的相关性

目的研究大鼠脊髓损伤后MAP-2表达的变化及与运动功能恢复的相关性。方法健康成年Wistar大鼠36只,随机取6只作为正常对照组,余30只制作成脊髓打击伤动物模型,随机分为5组,每组6只。伤后1、3、7、14、28d取材,应用免疫组织化学方法观察MAP-2的表达,采用计算机图像分析系统,进行定量分析;用改良的Tarlov评分、斜板试验观察大鼠脊髓损伤后运动功能的恢复情况及MAP-2的表达和二者的相关程度。结果大鼠脊髓损伤后MAP-2的表达在损伤后1-14d呈进行性升高,并在损伤后14d达到高峰,损伤后28d较损伤后14d明显下降(P<0.01),但仍明显高于正常对照组(P<0.01),呈高水平表达;大鼠脊髓损伤后1-28d改良的Tarlov评分、斜板试验进行性升高,并在损伤后28d达到高峰,但仍明显低于正常对照组(P<0.01)。MAP-2的表达和改良的Tarlov评分、斜板试验在损伤后呈正相关(|r1|=0.81,P<0.01;|r2|=0.79,P<0.01)。结论大鼠脊髓损伤后MAP-2的表达和运动功能的恢复呈正相关,MAP-2很可能参与了大鼠脊髓损伤后运动功能的恢复。     

神经细胞凋亡在脊髓缺血再灌注损伤延迟性瘫痪中的作用

目的研究细胞凋亡在脊髓缺血再灌注损伤发生延迟性瘫痪中的作用。方法将48只新西兰白兔随机分为2组:对照组(sham)和缺血再灌注组(IR)。参照并改进Zivin方法建立兔脊髓腰骶段缺血再灌注延迟性瘫痪模型,比较各组动物不同时间点后肢运动功能及病理形态学变化;采用原位末端脱氧核糖核酸酶转移介导的脱氧尿三磷酸(dUTP)标记法(TUNEL法)检测神经细胞凋亡水平。结果HE染色显示,再灌注8 h组神经细胞形态基本正常,结构清楚,灰质中有少量空泡,但神经元细胞结构完好;再灌注24 h组:灰质中前角神经元细胞破坏严重,空泡形成,无明显炎症细胞浸润;再灌注72 h组:灰质前角中大量空泡形成,尚残存数个结构清楚的运动神经元,有明显炎症细胞浸润;再灌注168 h组:灰质中运动神经元消失,残存数个固缩坏死神经元。TUNEL法染色显示,sham组及再灌注8 h后,仅见非特异性染色。再灌注24 h后出现大量阳性细胞,至再灌注72 h阳性细胞数量达到最高峰,主要分布在前角运动神经元。再灌注1周后,灰质结构破坏严重,仅有少量神经元幸存,但其阳性细胞平均积分吸光度值仍较对照组高。结论脊髓缺血再灌注后发生延迟性瘫痪时,神经元死亡的方式主要是细胞凋亡。     

亚胺环己酮与甲基强的松龙治疗大鼠脊髓损伤的初步研究

目的　为脊髓损伤的临床药物治疗提供新的理论依据。方法　将 48只大鼠用 Allen法制成脊髓损伤模型 ,分别予以亚胺环己酮、甲基强的松龙、二药联合应用及不予治疗。观察动物不同时期神经功能评分 ,斜板试验及体表诱发电位。结果　从伤后 3周起 ,治疗组各种指标与对照组有显著差异 ,而各治疗组间无差异。结论　早期应用亚胺环己酮与甲基强的松龙治疗脊髓损伤均有效 ,但二者合用不能提高疗效     

神经干细胞经脑室移植后在损伤脊髓的早期动态分布

目的观察神经干细胞经脑室移植后在损伤脊髓的早期动态分布。方法取转录有绿色荧光蛋白(GFP)基因的孕16 d SD鼠胚脑海马组织,培养成神经干细胞球,注射到脊髓损伤鼠第四脑室,通过免疫染色和电镜,观察其在脊髓的存活、分化状况。结果移植细胞在脊髓表面形成细胞团,大多分布于损伤区头侧的腹、背侧两面。细胞团面积背侧小于腹侧;数目背侧多于腹侧,并于术后5 d达到高峰。这种分布和增殖形式见于损伤脊髓正常部分和无损伤脊髓(对照组)。1周时细胞侵入损伤区,分化并表达神经胶质纤维酸性蛋白(GFAP)。2~3周时与宿主细胞良好融合。结论通过脑脊液移植细胞对于损伤性脊髓进行干细胞移植是一种实用、有效的方法。