转向横拉杆弹性对车辆操纵稳定性的影响研究

为了研究转向横拉杆的弹性对车辆操纵稳定性的影响,利用ADAMS软件建立了某轿车的多体动力学模型并进行了操纵稳定性的仿真分析。对于操纵稳定性的稳态特性,采用了ISO4138标准,在车辆行驶100 km/h下的固定圆周转向规程来进行评价;对于瞬态操纵稳定性特性,则采用ISO7401标准中方向盘扫频输入的响应特性来进行评价。仿真结果表明,转向横拉杆的弹性与轿车操纵稳定性的不足有很大关系,如果弹性横拉杆刚性过大,则需要1个较大的转向传动比以弥补其不足转向特性。因此,在汽车设计开发中,必须将转向横拉杆的弹性特性和转向传动比综合平衡考虑,两需要很好的匹配才能保证其具有良好的操纵稳定性。     

基于LabVIEW的汽车稳态回转试验数据分析

汽车操纵稳定性试验包含的项目较多,稳态回转试验是表征及评价汽车操纵稳定性的一个重要的基本试验。文章以某轿车为例,对汽车操纵稳定性试验项目中的稳态回转做了实车试验,通过Lab VIEW图形化的编程语言对试验数据进行处理得到了()i oR R-ya、()21dd--ya、f-ya关系曲线各2条。通过对曲线的分析并结合相关法规找出中性转向点的侧向加速度na、不足转向度U及车身侧倾度Kf三个参数,从而得到了对该汽车的稳态回转性能的综合评价。这种处理方法提高了效率和精度,给测试带来了方便。     

横向稳定杆与汽车稳态转向特性关系的仿真研究

在充分考虑侧倾对汽车操纵稳定性影响的情况下,建立起基于横向动力学的整车模型,并进行了汽车稳态转向特性的仿真研究。     

转向系间隙对汽车操纵稳定性影响研究

本文中将转向机构简化为平面连杆机构,并就机构中运动副间隙对汽车操纵稳定性的影响进行了分析。建立了考虑间隙的4自由度车辆操纵系统数学模型。基于该模型,应用数值分析方法对间隙变化时汽车操纵系统响应的主要指标进行仿真。结果表明,间隙的存在,使汽车横摆角速度和质心侧偏角时域稳态响应出现波动,降低了操纵品质;随着间隙的增大,横摆角速度与质心侧偏角的振幅加大,且其相平面稳定区域逐渐减小。     

横向稳定标杆与汽车稳态转向特性关系的仿真研究

在充分考虑侧倾对汽车操纵稳定性影响的情况下,建立起基于横向动力学的整车模型,并进行了汽车稳态转向特性的仿真研究.     

某轻型越野汽车操纵稳定性的仿真分析

本文利用汽车多体动力学仿真软件CarSimEd，建立了某轻型越野汽车的多体动力学模型，采用最具有代表性的试验评价方法-方向盘角阶跃试验，对某轻型越野汽车操纵稳定性能进行动态的模拟、仿真分析。结果表明，该车型具有不足转向特性，具有良好的操纵稳定性。     

基于前轮角阶跃输入响应的汽车操纵稳定性分析

在建立汽车线性二自由度模型的基础上,将汽车系统简化为一般的二阶控制系统,分析汽车前轮角输入的响应,主要包括稳态响应和瞬态响应;结合具体车型参数,提出了表征汽车稳定性的关键参数的计算方法,为汽车操纵稳定性提供实际的分析方法。     

轮胎附着极限下差动制动对汽车横摆力矩的影响

本文以纵滑－侧偏联合工况的稳态轮胎模型为基础，分析了汽车极限转向条件下制动作用于不同车轮时对汽车横摆力矩的影响，并通过整车动力学仿真进行了验证，研究结果为利用差动制动控制提高汽车的高速操纵稳定性提供了动力学依据。     

基于ADAMS/Car的半挂汽车列车转向瞬态响应试验仿真分析

运用多体动力学软件ADAMS/Car建立某半挂汽车列车虚拟试验整车模型,参照汽车操纵稳定性试验方法对该半挂汽车列车进行转向瞬态响应试验仿真,分析得到了半挂汽车列车在不同速度下的侧向加速度和横摆角速度响应、转向瞬态响应试验的极限车速及半挂汽车列车安全运行的最大侧倾角,为半挂汽车列车的设计和使用提供理论依据.     

汽车半挂列车稳态转向特性的研究

本文对汽车半挂列车的稳态转向特性进行了研究和分析;提出了评价方法,并得到了试验验证;它对汽车半挂列车操纵稳定性的研究和如何设计好汽车半挂列车的行驶方向稳定性有参考价值。     

Rollover mitigation for a heavy commercial vehicle

A heavy commercial vehicle has a high probability of rollover because it is usually loaded heavily and thus has a high center of gravity. An anti-roll bar is efficient for rollover mitigation, but it can cause poor ride comfort when the roll stiffness is excessively high. Therefore, active roll control (ARC) systems have been developed to optimally control the roll state of a vehicle while maintaining ride comfort. Previously developed ARC systems have some disadvantages, such as cost, complexity, power consumption, and weight. In this study, an ARC-based rear air suspension for a heavy commercial vehicle, which does not require additional power for control, was designed and manufactured. The rollover index-based vehicle rollover mitigation control scheme was used for the ARC system. Multi-body dynamic models of the suspension subsystem and the full vehicle were used to design the rear air suspension and the ARC system. The reference rollover index was tuned through lab tests. Field tests, such as steady state cornering tests and step steer tests, demonstrated that the roll response characteristics in the steady state and transient state were improved.     

High fidelity quasi steady-state aerodynamic model effects on race vehicle performance predictions using multi-body simulation

We described in this paper the development of a high fidelity vehicle aerodynamic model to fit wind tunnel test data over a wide range of vehicle orientations. We also present a comparison between the effects of this proposed model and a conventional quasi steady-state aerodynamic model on race vehicle simulation results. This is done by implementing both of these models independently in multi-body quasi steady-state simulations to determine the effects of the high fidelity aerodynamic model on race vehicle performance metrics. The quasi steady state vehicle simulation is developed with a multi-body NASCAR Truck vehicle model, and simulations are conducted for three different types of NASCAR race tracks, a short track, a one and a half mile intermediate track, and a higher speed, two mile intermediate race track. For each track simulation, the effects of the aerodynamic model on handling, maximum corner speed, and drive force metrics are analysed. The accuracy of the high-fidelity model is shown to reduce the aerodynamic model error relative to the conventional aerodynamic model, and the increased accuracy of the high fidelity aerodynamic model is found to have realisable effects on the performance metric predictions on the intermediate tracks resulting from the quasi steady-state simulation.     

A Pitch-Plane Model of a Vehicle with Controlled Suspension

A vehicle model incorporating front and rear wheel suspensions and seat suspension is presented. The suspension control includes algorithms to provide both dynamic and steady state (levelling) control. Vehicle response to (a) vertical inputs due to ground disturbances at the wheels and (b) longitudinal inputs due to the inertial forces during braking and accelerating, are investigated. It is shown that the static (self-levelling) control causes a slight deterioration in dynamic performance. The active ride control produces improvements of ride comfort under dynamic conditions compared to an equivalent passively suspended vehicle. In steady state the proposed control eliminates the error heave of the body caused by tilting of the vehicle with active suspension.     

Nonlinear Model-Based Multivariable Control for Air & Charging System of Diesel Engine with Short and Long Route EGR Valves

The objective of this study is to investigate a nonlinear model-based multivariable (MIMO, Multi Input Multi Output) technique to decouple actuators interaction and to reduce the calibration effort, while increasing control performances, above all in transient conditions, and robustness with respect to model uncertainties and system parameter variations. The presented control technique is based on the development of a nonlinear dynamical physical model of the diesel air and charging system. Feedback Linearization control is then applied to decouple actuators’ interactions and compensate for nonlinearities. A new set of virtual inputs are defined inverting the system differential equations. Relation among the new virtual inputs and the outputs is purely linear and decoupled, meaning that each virtual input affects linearly only one output. Moreover, a linear control block is added to guarantee transient and steady state performances and closed loop robustness. The proposed control approach has been validated through small diesel engine dyno and vehicle activities. Transient test bench maneuvers show that the control is able to coordinate the actuators in order to fulfill the targets and to guarantee similar performances in different operating points. In addition the robustness to environmental changes has been demonstrated by vehicle tests at different ambient conditions.     

Analytical dynamic tire model

Modeling of tire friction is one of the central problems for vehicle control systems design. LuGre-type dynamic tire model has been proposed and well discussed in previous studies, because it offers a compact form of dynamic model that is convenient in advanced control studies. It has been successfully used in tire slip control design and vehicle state estimation problems. In this article, a concept of time-constrained Stribeck effect is introduced to interpret the mechanism of the LuGre friction model in predicting tire friction characteristics. A modified two-dimensional (2D) dynamic LuGre friction model is introduced to make it compatible with the governing theorem in the steady state. An analytical 2D modified LuGre-type dynamic tire model is developed, in which some fundamental limitations of classical LuGre models are eliminated. The main modifications involve a change in the structure of the 2D LuGre friction model, introduction of load-dependent parameters in 1D and 2D tire models, and a changed structure in the distributed parameter model. The proposed model is compared, in the steady state, to both the Magic Formula and the classical LuGre model. It improves model accuracy in the steady state and gives a physically reasonable distribution of the bristle deflection. A first-order lumped parameter (LP) nonlinear model, which has simpler structure than the distributed parameter model and the classical LP LuGre model, is then derived. Numerical simulations show that the proposed LP model has a good estimation for tire transient dynamics. Thus, the proposed model retains the merits of LuGre-type models and improves the agreement with observation and experimental data on friction force distribution along the patch and on the steady-state friction prediction.     

Analytical dynamic tire model

Modeling of tire friction is one of the central problems for vehicle control systems design. LuGre-type dynamic tire model has been proposed and well discussed in previous studies, because it offers a compact form of dynamic model that is convenient in advanced control studies. It has been successfully used in tire slip control design and vehicle state estimation problems. In this article, a concept of time-constrained Stribeck effect is introduced to interpret the mechanism of the LuGre friction model in predicting tire friction characteristics. A modified two-dimensional (2D) dynamic LuGre friction model is introduced to make it compatible with the governing theorem in the steady state. An analytical 2D modified LuGre-type dynamic tire model is developed, in which some fundamental limitations of classical LuGre models are eliminated. The main modifications involve a change in the structure of the 2D LuGre friction model, introduction of load-dependent parameters in 1D and 2D tire models, and a changed structure in the distributed parameter model. The proposed model is compared, in the steady state, to both the Magic Formula and the classical LuGre model. It improves model accuracy in the steady state and gives a physically reasonable distribution of the bristle deflection. A first-order lumped parameter (LP) nonlinear model, which has simpler structure than the distributed parameter model and the classical LP LuGre model, is then derived. Numerical simulations show that the proposed LP model has a good estimation for tire transient dynamics. Thus, the proposed model retains the merits of LuGre-type models and improves the agreement with observation and experimental data on friction force distribution along the patch and on the steady-state friction prediction.     

基于多刚体动力学技术的某MPV稳态转向特性分析

为了研究和改善某MPV整车稳态转向特性,在Adams／Car平台中建立了整车动力学模型,并根据实际测量获得的悬架和整车性能试验数据进行对比验证。在此基础上,根据稳态转向特性的评价指标对此MPV稳态转向特性进行优化,提高车辆的操纵稳定性。     

四轮转向汽车操纵动力学虚拟仿真分析

从机械动力学仿真的角度，研究4WS汽车的瞬态和稳态操纵动力学特性。运用虚拟样机技术，给出4WS车辆在适当前轮转角及不同的大小、比值、方向以及转向时间差等后轮转角的条件下，车辆的瞬态和稳态动力学性能的表现。