福建省港口发展的SWOT分析及对策研究

运用SWOT分析方法对福建港口发展的SWOT因素进行了分析,并提出了相应的对策,旨在为福建省加快海峡西岸港口群建设,提升港口竞争力起到抛砖引玉的作用。     

福建省港口经济腹地拓展研究

通过对影响福建港口腹地的安徽、湖北、湖南和江西等省份的产业布局、交通运输等方面进行分析,剖析了制约福建港口腹地拓展的因素,提出了拓展福建港口经济腹地的对策措施,旨在为福建省拓展港口腹地提供决策参考。     

福建省将投入500亿元拓展直航口岸

为力争在“大三通”全面展开后厦门、福州两港成为第1批直航口岸，并发展福建沿海港口与高雄、台北等主要港口之间海上集装箱班轮双向航线及海峡客货滚装和散杂货不定期双向航线，福建省将注入500亿元重资全力提升港口建设水平，以争取其在对台客货往来方面的龙头地位。     

福建港口建设的探讨

大海是福建的特殊资源，也是维系福建兴衰的关键，因此建设港口是“开海兴闽”的需要。本文针对福建省港口现状、发展重点，发展模式及发展对策等方面进行了探讨。     

福建建设海洋中心城市的对策建议

笔者聚焦我国东南沿海地区,以港口航运产业为核心,分析如何充分发挥福建的比较优势,培育、发展具有福建特色的港口枢纽经济,推动福建省高质量建设海洋中心城市。     

心怀“国之大者”，当好“海上开路先锋”——专访福建省港口集团有限责任公司党委书记、董事长陈志平

<正>整合3年以来,福建港口集团相继完成宁德、泉州、漳州、福州、平潭、莆田等地港口区域化整合,形成了“一市一港”“握指成拳”的全省港口发展新格局,取得了显著的融合发展成效2020年8月,承载着要“更加注重经略海洋”“建设世界一流港口”的殷殷嘱托,肩负着“建设世界一流的现代化港口群”的战略使命,福建省港口集团有限责任公司（简称“福建港口集团”）正式成立。根据中国企业联合会、     

基于博弈模型的福建三大港口联盟分析

为寻找福建省港口联盟的发展方向、谋求更好的效益,梳理福建港口发展历程及港口联盟方式,基于合作博弈论分别建立双方博弈和三方博弈模型。双方博弈模型使用斯塔克尔伯格(Stackelberg)模型,三方博弈模型借助因子分析法分析城市综合实力和港口自身实力。结果表明:福建省港口联盟的最佳方式为三方联盟,其收益大于任意一港或两港联盟的收益。建议:建立福建港口联盟,适时促进合作并逐步考虑引导合并;改变专业码头建设过剩的情况,需要对港口群的条块分割局势进行充分利用,促进市场要素自由流动的同时引导港口集中发展优势项目以形成互补格局;鼓励港口发展特色业务;促进港航合作和港路合作以发展港区企业,解决临港企业发展缓慢的问题。     

福建沿海港口港务局长联席会议呼吁 实破港口体制瓶颈 强化港口行政管理

2004年6月23日,福建省第六次沿海港口港务局长联席会议在漳州召开。会议认为,当前福建省港口管理体制与运行机制存在以下突出问题。1.港口管理体制改革不深入港口管理体制仍然是制约福建港口副业发展的“瓶颈”。就全省范围来看,6个沿海港口的管理体制改革进程、隶属关系、机构     

2013年福建省港口对台货物吞吐量逾两千万吨

2013年，福建省港口对台货物吞吐量完成2274．81万吨，同比增长34％：对台集装箱吞吐量完成78．05万标准箱，同比增长9．5％。福建沿海地区与台湾海上货运直航共运载货物1162．4万吨，其中福建沿海与台湾本岛集装箱直肮共运营2561航次，同比增长2．65％，运输集装箱6622万标准箱，同比增长6，02％。     

基于港口群联合调度的防台锚地规模优化研究

为了丰富我国港口防台锚地规划研究、提升港口航运安全、进一步促进港口可持续发展,合理规划应急锚地容量,以船舶数量、靠港船型、锚泊面积及台风影响情况作为因素分析锚地需求,并以港口群联合调度为主要手段,考虑锚地建设成本、维护成本以及基于联合调度的船舶疏散避台航线费用,优化防台锚地建设面积,在保障整个水运系统安全的基础上,减少建设维护成本。以福建省沿海港口为实例的研究表明,在资源共享、联防联调的基础上,能够合理配置锚地资源,确定科学的防台锚地规模,保障福建航运系统安全。     

The dynamics of port reform: different contexts,similar strategies

Research into port reform in Taiwan and Australia indicates that reform was undertaken in different contexts while committed and adopting similar strategies. Reform in both countries has been consistent with paradigmatic shifts towards market orientation, and within this context, privatisation was considered the preferred option. In both Taiwan and Australia, however, governments, reluctant to relinquish control over their ports, opted for corporatisation models. This article discusses the dynamics and drivers of reform and examines the outcome of these strategies. Both countries commenced port reform with deregulation of dock labour employment and introduced enterprise-based employment replacing the labour pool system. Privatisation of stevedoring operations was introduced at the same time in Taiwan. In the second reform phase, Taiwan amalgamated the four major commercial ports under a single state-owned port company in March 2012, with the objective of reducing inter-port competition and creating a central port planning mechanism. Australian ports, on the other hand, have undergone restructuring with the implementation of corporatisation, privatisation and commercialisation strategies since 1990s. Reform strategies in both countries display some similarities, e.g. rationalisation strategies in both Taiwan and Tasmanian ports, but also display some distinct dissimilarities with the increasing move to privatisation in Australia, e.g. the sale of South Australian ports and in 2010 the sale of the port of Brisbane.     

两岸“三通”后闽台港口合作发展展望

运用SWOT分析方法,指出闽台两地港口共建的优势和劣势,机遇和面临的强大挑战.提出了两地当务之急是要建立港口战略合作沟通机制,深度整合双方港口资源,研究突破双方开展港口合作的制度障碍,加大两地临港工业和港口物流建设的力度,不断加强双方的港口货物集疏运系统建设,增加对腹地货源的吸引力.     

台湾海峡冬季大风浪时的航法探讨技

台湾海峡是我国南北海运的必经之道,台湾岛是我国东南沿海各港口通往太平洋各国的重要驿站,实现两岸直接“三通”,将有力地推动海峡两岸的海运事业的发展,推进两岸经济的共同繁荣。为确保航行安全,根据实践经验,提出几条在大风浪条件下主要直航航线的航法及注意事项。     

PSC数据中船龄与缺陷相关性的可视化挖掘

基于台湾某四港近8年来PSC工作的电子数据记录,对船舶缺陷与船龄进行关联分析,提取其间相关特征,提出一套行之有效的可视化数据挖掘方法,为提高港口国检查工作效率提供了一个科学、高效的定量方法。     

Evaluating determinants of attractiveness and their cause-effect relationships for container ports in Taiwan: users’ perspectives

The attractiveness of ports is usually a pre-requisite and necessary condition for ports to achieve competitiveness, as well as the springboard to explore the competitive advantages of ports. To determine whether a port is competitive, it is necessary to explore whether it boasts certain factors that make the port attractive to users. The main purpose of this article is to apply the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) method and the Decision Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) technique to evaluate key determinants of attractiveness and their cause/effect relationships for container ports in Taiwan. The empirical results showed that: (1) Top six determinates of attractiveness for container ports are ‘ample cargo sources,’ ‘favorable port charges,’ ‘dense ship network and routes,’ ‘low transshipment costs,’ ‘efficient wharf operations,’ and ‘adequate wharfs and back-line land,’ respectively. (2) Among the above six determinants of attractiveness, ‘ample cargo sources’ is the cause determinant. Three determinants of port attractiveness, ‘favorable port charges,’ ‘dense ship network and routes,’ ‘low transshipment costs,’ which are the effect determinants. They are affected by the determinants of attractiveness of ‘ample cargo sources’. In addition, this study discusses the above findings and expects to provide the study results to Taiwan’s port authorities for reference.     

Association rule learning to improve deficiency inspection in port state control

ABSTRACT

The inspection of foreign ships in national ports is a critical measure in port state control (PSC), preventing substandard ships from entering national ports. Multifarious inspection items, limited inspection time and inspector manpower are challenging PSC inspection. This research applies data mining to analyze historical PSC inspection records in Taiwan’s major ports to extract potential valuable information for PSC onboard inspections. Using the Apriori Algorithm, the analysis identifies many useful association rules among PSC deficiencies in terms of specific ship characteristics, such as ship types, societies, and flags. The general rules identified show that the items ‘Water/Weathertight conditions’ and ‘Fire safety’ are significantly related. Besides, in the analysis of the various ship types, several different rules are found. After comparing the analysis of ship types and ship societies, it can be observed that the association rules for specific ship types, such as oil tankers, have a better effect than those for individual ship societies do. These identified rules can not only help inspectors effectively spot the associated deficiencies, but also improve the efficiency of PSC inspection. The ports other than Taiwan’s ports can apply a similar analysis method to identify corresponding association rules suitable for their own inspections.     

China' maritime developments

Development of ports and shipping in China are continuing at a phenomenal pace. They are now entering a second phase in these developments. With basic capacity to handle China's growing foreign trade established. China's ports and shipping are now being ratinalized in terms of inland infrastructure and intermodal networks, optimum trade flows, foreign alliances, and physical forms or consolidation of cargo. These developments are driven by the lack of a large, deep water ocean fleet on one hand and limited water depths at many major ports. Similarly, the extension of economic development to the inland ports of China has become a priority as has the effective integration of Hong Kong and gradual opening of direct shipping across the Taiwan Straits.     

Direct shipping across the Taiwan Strait: flag selections and policy issues

The restriction on direct shipping across the Taiwan Strait under which ships registered in Taiwan were banned from calling at China’s ports might have restricted the expansion of the Taiwanese flagged fleet. The cross-strait direct shipping link was established since the Cross-strait Sea Transport (CST) Agreement was signed in 2008. According to the Agreement, only ships owned and registered on either side of the Taiwan Strait or registered in Hong Kong may, with due approval, engage in direct cross-strait carriage of cargos and passengers. The aim of this study is to find the optimal flag selection for Taiwanese shipping companies under the provisions of the CST Agreement. The Fuzzy Analytic Hierarchy Process (FAHP) method is applied to find the preferred registry location among Taiwan, Hong Kong, and China. Sensitivity Analysis is also applied to test how criteria weights influence three alternative hierarchies. The results show Taiwan is the lowest priority with an unchangeable position in flag selection because Taiwanese national fleets mainly suffered higher operational costs. A lower tax rate and appropriate financial systems are therefore recommended in revising relevant shipping policies. Furthermore, to assist shipping companies to obtain China’s approval is also helpful to inspire ships flag back.     

Specialization and economic impact of the ports of Montreal,Quebec, Saint John,and Halifax

Specialization in cargoes and forelands is defined for the ports of Montreal, Quebec, Saint John, and Halifax using a variation of the location quotient. Economic impact is also defined using the location quotient. All ports are shown to have some degree of specialization; whereas, Saint John and Halifax have relatively greater economic impact. It is suggested that the four ports should be encouraged to develop their specializations. However, are the benefits to the shipping industry in following such a policy outweighed by the losses to the local economies because investment in certain ports does not take place?     

Specialization and economic impact of the ports of Montreal, Quebec, Saint John, and Halifax

Specialization in cargoes and forelands is defined for the ports of Montreal, Quebec, Saint John, and Halifax using a variation of the location quotient. Economic impact is also defined using the location quotient. All ports are shown to have some degree of specialization; whereas, Saint John and Halifax have relatively greater economic impact. It is suggested that the four ports should be encouraged to develop their specializations. However, are the benefits to the shipping industry in following such a policy outweighed by the losses to the local economies because investment in certain ports does not take place?