镁合金AZ31的差热分析及凝固组织观察

利用差热分析(DTA)和在不同温度下加热-急冷,并结合金相组织观察的方法研究了AZ31镁合金的凝固相变温度及凝固组织变化特征.通过对AZ31镁合金DTA曲线的分析和不同温度下金相组织的比较、分析,确定了该合金的相变起始温度为430.1℃,共晶温度为438.5℃,固相线温度为614.4℃,液相线温度为636.4℃.同时,通过对不同温度下急冷试样的组织观察,分析了AZ31镁合金在凝固过程中的相变及组织演变特征,并确定了差热分析所得相变温度的准确性.     

微观组织结构对变形镁合金AZ80阻尼性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜观察了AZ80镁合金在挤压态、固溶态和时效态的显微组织,并用动态机械分析仪研究了不同微观组织状态下AZ80镁合金的阻尼性能.结果表明：AZ80合金在挤压过程中发生了动态再结晶,随后在410℃进行4 h固溶处理,强钉扎点数量减少,合金的阻尼性能提高,在170℃时效18 h由于第二相析出偏聚于晶界处,降低了晶内弱钉扎点的数量,且时效降温过程中,由于基体与析出相热膨胀系数的差异,导致产生新的位错,增大了位错密度,使阻尼性能进一步提高.该合金室温阻尼机制可用G-L位错钉扎模型解释.     

微观组织结构对变形镁合金AZ80阻尼性能的影响

采用光学显微镜、扫描电镜和透射电镜观察了AZ80镁合金在挤压态、固溶态和时效态的显微组织,并用动态机械分析仪研究了不同微观组织状态下AZ80镁合金的阻尼性能.结果表明:AZ80合金在挤压过程中发生了动态再结晶,随后在410℃进行4 h固溶处理,强钉扎点数量减少,合金的阻尼性能提高,在170℃时效18 h由于第二相析出偏聚于晶界处,降低了晶内弱钉扎点的数量,且时效降温过程中,由于基体与析出相热膨胀系数的差异,导致产生新的位错,增大了位错密度,使阻尼性能进一步提高.该合金室温阻尼机制可用G-L位错钉扎模型解释.     

AZ31镁合金微弧氧化膜的电化学腐蚀性能

选用碱性硅酸盐溶液,对AZ31镁合金进行微弧氧化处理,获得了由厚度为3 μm的致密层和厚度为22 μm的疏松层组成的双层结构膜,主要由MgO、Mg2SiO4、Mg2SiO3组成.用测量阳极极化曲线与电化学阻抗谱(EIS)的方法研究了微弧氧化AZ31镁合金的电化学腐蚀行为.在pH12的0.5 mol/L NaCl溶液中,微弧氧化AZ31镁合金阳极极化曲线山原始镁合金的活化溶解转变为自钝化一点蚀击穿过程,自腐蚀电流密度降低1个数量级.原始AZ31镁合金的EIS呈现一个容抗弧和一个感抗弧,发生均匀腐蚀,感抗弧的出现表明电极反应过程中存在中间产物Mg ;微弧氧化AZ31镁合金浸泡96 h后EIS呈现三个容抗弧和一个的感抗弧,感抗弧的出现表明发生局部腐蚀,并且容抗弧直径较原始合金相比增大近5倍,微弧氧化膜阻碍了Cl-离子的扩散和迁移,合金的耐蚀性能显著提高.     

超细Al2O3粉对AZ80镁合金耐腐蚀性的影响

采用热扩散的方法使超细Al2O3粉进入AZ80镁合金的表层以提高其耐蚀性.研究结果表明,热扩散处理温度、处理时间与AZ80镁合金耐蚀性的提高关系密切.随处理时间的延长和处理温度的升高,合金的耐蚀性提高,腐蚀速率由未进行处理的153.75 mg/dm2·h降到13.75 mg/dm2·h,且存在一个最佳处理温度为410℃.     

超细Al_2O_3粉对AZ80镁合金耐腐蚀性的影响

采用热扩散的方法使超细Al2O3粉进入AZ80镁合金的表层以提高其耐蚀性.研究结果表明,热扩散处理温度、处理时间与AZ80镁合金耐蚀性的提高关系密切.随处理时间的延长和处理温度的升高,合金的耐蚀性提高,腐蚀速率由未进行处理的153.75 mg/dm2.h降到13.75 mg/dm2.h,且存在一个最佳处理温度为410℃.     

DZ22B高温合金相变过程及凝固组织转变研究

采用差示扫描量热仪对DZ22B高温合金凝固过程及相变行为进行描述,对比分析了不同冷速影响下合金二次枝晶间距、碳化物的转变行为。随冷速提高,组织显著细化,二次枝晶间距由冷速5 K/min时125μm持续下降到80 K/min时37μm。枝晶组织的细化可以减弱凝固后期残余液相中溶质偏析,碳化物形貌由连续网状向不连续条块状发生转变。大冷速条件下枝晶间流动管道的变窄及凝固时间的缩短共同抑制Hf元素的趋肤效应,有利于富Hf碳化物相形成。     

快速凝固Cu-Zr-Al合金的马氏体相变

通过快速凝固法制备Cu-Zr-Al合金试样,利用电阻法测定合金的马氏体相变温度,探索Al含量、结晶状态等对马氏体相变的影响.研究表明,吸铸速凝制备的Cu-Zr-Al合金样品晶格完整性差或存在少量非晶.在Cu-Zr合金中加入Al元素,会促进B2相的形成,且含量越高,作用越显著.在Cu-Zr-Al合金中,吸铸速凝态样品较晶化快冷态的马氏体相变温度低,吸铸速凝形成的非晶将抑制马氏体相变的发生,且增大马氏体相变的热滞后.随着Al含量的增加,马氏体相变温度逐渐降低,Al的加入也抑制马氏体相变.但增加Al含量,马氏体相变的热滞后会逐渐减小,使相变类型由非热弹性马氏体相变向热弹性马氏体相变进行转变.     

AZ31镁合金在Na2SO4溶液中的电化学腐蚀行为

将AZ31镁合金在pH6.1的0.1mol/L Na2 SO4溶液中长时间浸泡,利用X射线衍射(XRD)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)分析不同浸泡时间腐蚀产物膜的相结构和形貌变化;利用阳极极化和电化学交流阻抗谱(EIS)测量技术研究AZ31镁合金腐蚀产物膜的形成过程及浸泡时间对合金耐蚀性能的影响规律.研究结果表明:AZ31镁合金在0.1mol/L NaSO4溶液中可形成固态的多孔氧化膜,腐蚀产物膜主要由MgSO4组成;随着浸泡时间的延长,腐蚀产物膜在合金表面的覆盖率和厚度逐渐增加,阳极极化曲线呈现类似于自钝化的现象,且自腐蚀电位逐渐升高,腐蚀电流密度减小,表明腐蚀产物膜对基体具有一定的保护作用;腐蚀产物成膜过程中的EIS均呈现两个容抗弧,具有两个时间常数,两个容抗弧的直径均随浸泡时间的增加而增大,同时相位角平台变宽,相位角提高,说明腐蚀产物膜的厚度越厚,对阻碍反应离子向基体扩散和迁移的影响越大.     

快速凝固Ti-Ni-Cu-Zr合金的马氏体相变

使用XRD分析快速凝固制备Ti-Ni-Cu-Zr合金的相结构,并使用电阻法测试其马氏体相变点.研究表明:Ti-Ni-Cu-Zr合金铸态的主要组成相为B2相和B19相,Zr稳定B2相,抑制马氏体相变.Ti-Ni-Cu-Zr合金快速凝固形成部分非晶,晶体相主要为B2相,当加入适量的Zr元素能提高非晶形成能力.快速凝固的Ti50Ni25Cu25合金发生一阶的B2-B19相变,而快速凝固的Ti45Ni25Cu25Zr5合金发生B2-R-B19'相的二阶相变.快速凝固合金的马氏体相变点都显著降低,经过时效晶化处理后,Zr增大合金的相变滞后.     

AZ31B镁合金电子束焊接接头显微组织及疲劳性能

为了改善镁合金焊接接头的微观组织及其力学性能,采用真空电子束焊接工艺对厚10 mm的AZ31B镁合金板材进行焊接,分析电子束对接接头的显微组织、元素分布和物相组成,检测了电子束对接接头静载拉伸性能和疲劳性能.试验结果表明AZ31B镁合金电子束焊接接头的微观组织和力学性能均得到了改善:焊缝区晶粒明显细化,焊缝区Mg、Zn元素的质量分数分别降低了0.12%和0.28%,Al、Mn元素的质量分数分别增加了0.24%、0.14%,焊缝区为单相α-Mg,无明显的低熔点β-Mg17Al12脆性;焊接接头的抗拉强度为242 MPa,能够达到母材的抗拉强度;在脉动载荷（R=0.1）、2×106循环次数下,其接头的疲劳强度为91 MPa,能达到母材的78.4%.      

Experimental exploration of electrical pulse-assisted roller hemming of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet

The purpose of this research is to explore the feasibility of roller hemming of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet. During the test, a special experimental setup considering the current flow and insulation was designed and employed. For the sake of simplicity, the flat surface-straight edge hemming style was selected. Electrical pulses were introduced in the pre-hemming and final hemming processes. The results show that when hemming at 448 K with hemming speed of 30 mm/min, AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet was successfully hemmed with excellent perceived quality. No recoil/warp defect, cracking or springback was observed. Electrical pulses induced dynamic recrystallized grains were observed along the grain boundaries in the severely deformed area, which is of great importance to the improvement of the ductility of the material. The hardness was slightly increased after hemming with electrical pulses, and this fact could improve the friction resistance performance of the hemmed part.     

Influence of Ca Element on Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of AZ61-1.2Y

The effects of Ca element on the microstructure and mechanical properties of AZ61-1.2Y alloy were investigated by microstructure observation, tensile tests and fracture analysis. The results show that, with the addition of Ca element, the microstructure of AZ61-1.2Y was obviously refined, high melting point Al2Ca intermetallic compound formed, and β-Mg17Al12 phase disappeared. With 1.0% Ca addition, the values of tensile strength at 25, 150 and 175 ℃ reached their maxima simultaneously, 225, 182, and 175 MP...     

Influence of high frequency vibration on deep drawing process of AZ31 sheet at room temperature

Quasi-ultrasonic vibration with a frequency of 15 kHz and a maximum output of 2 kW was imposed on the deep drawing process of AZ31 magnesium alloy sheet at room temperature, in order to reveal the effect of high frequency vibration on deformation behavior of AZ31 during the process. From the drawn results and the observation of the microstructure within the large deformation area, high frequency vibration has a great influence on the formability, the forming load and the failure mode of AZ31 sheet during the deep drawing process; the influence is a comprehensive result of so-called ??volume effect?? and ??surface effect??, and relies on the vibrating amplitude. Total forming load decreased significantly as soon as the vibration superimposed. According to the tensile test results of AZ31 bars under ultrasonic vibration, the formability of AZ31 sheet increases firstly with the increase of stimulating energy, then decreases and finally becomes brittle. Under the combined influence of ??surface effect?? and the ??softening?? in the ??volume effect?? near the relative low amplitude of 25%A in the experiment (A is the maximum amplitude), the formability of AZ31 reaches the largest value, and the samples possess the same distribution trend of cracks as those added with lubricating oil. With the increase of excitation energy, the ??volume effect?? gradually becomes apparent, and finally the ??hardening?? of the ??volume effect?? occupies a dominant position.     

Effects of RE on the Microstructure of Mg-8Zn-4Al Magnesium Alloys

IntroductionMagnesium alloys are called green-engineeringmaterial with great development potential becauseof its low density, high specific strength and stiff-ness, superior damping capacity, good electromag-netic shielding characteristics and good machinabil-ity[1]. However, the number of commercially avail-able magnesium alloys is still limited especially forapplication at elevated temperatures. The applica-tions of most common magnesium alloys such asAZ91 and AM60 with outstanding mechani…     

Microscopic structure and property of double-electrode gas metal arc welding of AZ31B magnesium alloy

This paper focuses on the research on double-electrode gas metal arc welding(DE-GMAW) of AZ31 B magnesium alloy sheet with 2 mm thickness. During the welding process, stable hybrid arc of metal inert gas(MIG) and tungsten inert gas(TIG) is employed as welding heat source. Optical and electron microscopes are used to observe the microstructures of the weld joint. X-ray diffraction(XRD) and energy dispersive spectroscopy(EDS) are employed to identify the components in fusion zone. Microhardness is also tested. When the MIG current is 80 A, the perfect weld joint is obtained, though figures of fish scales are observed in all joints in the research. The fusion zone is formed by dendrites, where β-Mg17(Al, Zn)12is dispersed. The hardness in fusion zone and heat affected zone(HAZ) is lower than that in base metal(BM). The average Vickers hardness of fusion zone and HAZ is about 58 and 56 respectively, while the Vickers hardness of BM is about 63.     

Investigation on Two Electrically-Assisted Forming Processes of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy Sheets

Two new types of electrically-assisted forming(EAF) processes of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheets,i.e., electrically-assisted blanking(EAB) and electrically-assisted sheet upset-extruding(EASUE), are proposed in this paper. During EAB, pulsed current(PC) decreases blanking load and improves blanked surface quality,and higher frequency has a more effective improvement; when the frequency reaches 600 Hz, the whole punched hole fracture is improved to smooth zone. Moreover, EAB does not influence the microstructure and does not induce obvious annealing, and this process is advantageous to the materials that cannot change microstructure.During EASUE, PC can reduce extrusion load and enhance extrusion height, and higher frequency also has a more effective improvement. Both processes indicate that introducing PC can effectively improve the part quality and have an application prospection.     

Ca含量对AMCa镁合金超高周疲劳断裂行为的影响

为了阐明Ca含量对镁合金疲劳性能的影响,采用旋转弯曲疲劳试验机对两种AMCa镁合金进行超高周疲劳实验,并利用扫描电子显微镜SEM （scanning electron microscope）和X射线能谱仪EDS （X-ray energy dispersive spectroscopy）观察疲劳试样的断口形貌,分析了两种镁合金疲劳S-N（疲劳应力-疲劳寿命）曲线特性和疲劳断裂行为,讨论了Ca元素含量增加对镁合金疲劳寿命和疲劳裂纹萌生机制的影响. 结果表明,AM1.77 Ca镁合金S-N曲线没有传统的疲劳极限,呈现曲线连续下降趋势;AM1.85 Ca镁合金具有双S-N曲线特性,在130 MPa左右出现转折点;Ca元素含量增加导致镁合金产生微观结构缺陷,使材料的疲劳裂纹萌生模式从AM1.77 Ca镁合金的表面萌生模式转变为AM1.85 Ca镁合金的两种疲劳裂纹萌生模式,即表面萌生和次表面萌生模式,这种转变对材料抗疲劳性能的提升不利.