21世纪美国海军计算技术发展展望(一)

详细介绍了微电子学技术、计算机性能、多重处理器系统结构方面的现代计算技术的现状，阐述了计算技术在未来海上兵力作战使用中的应用领域，深入地分析了硬件技术、软件技术和其他新兴计算技术的发展和屈起。对我们了解２１世纪计算技术的发展及其在美国海军领域中的应用研究动向有重要帮助。     

电视技术在舰船上的应用

随着远海航行时间的增加,船用闭路电视系统已经成为现代舰船必不可少的装备。综合考虑使用环境等各方面因素,对电视技术在舰船上的应用进行了分析,重点介绍了模拟电视技术;数字电视技术;IPTV技术各自的特点和三者之间的区别以及未来舰船电视技术的发展趋势。     

船舶电力推进中交流调速技术的应用与发展

介绍了交流调速技术在船舶电力推进中的应用现状,阐述了船舶电力推进中交流调速技术的发展方向。多相变频调速技术、嵌入式技术、智能化技术将是未来船用交流调速技术发展的重要研究方向。     

发展中国家面临国际技术垄断与技术扩散问题研究

在经济和知识全球化,国际先进技术的拥有者通过国际性的技术垄断,抑制了先进技术的扩散,增强了对技术和产品市场的控制力,从而在市场竞争中获取高额的垄断利润。而对作为技术引进方的发展中国家和地区来说,国际技术扩散作为其技术进步的重要外部路径,不仅在静态意义上提高了其技术存量水平,缩小了与发达国家的技术差距,削弱国外的技术垄断优势,而且在动态意义上通过各种渠道和机制促使其技术创新能力的提高以及创新机制的形成,为破除技术垄断和赶超发达国家提供了某种可能性。     

海事移动CCTV中各种无线电通信技术浅析

文中主要阐述了海事移动CCTV所采用的各种无线技术特点及应用领域。     

专利引进船用柴油机标准化技术分析

对我国专利引进船用柴油机标准化技术的状况进行了技术分析,并对我国船用柴油机标准化技术工作面临的挑战,提出了建议。     

造船技术水平评价研究

为使我国船舶工业持续稳定地发展,对我国造船技术在国际上所处的地位有一个比较客观的,定性与定量相结合的评价,编制了造船技术水平评价体系及其数据处理软件,并通过专家咨询调查,得到了我国８家船厂的评价数据。     

激光超声技术的应用和发展

文章阐述了激光超声技术的基本原理,综述了激光超声检测技术的发展,重点介绍了激光超声检测技术在工业中的相关应用,同时指出了激光超声检测技术的工业应用前景。     

舰艇惯性导航技术现状及发展趋势

讲述了国内外海军舰艇用惯性导航技术的现状,分析并预测了发展趋势。简述了舰艇用惯性导航技术的技术特点和使用需求特点,从惯性敏感器技术和系统技术两个方面对惯性导航系统产品进行了分类。通过阐述技术特点与不同使用需求之间的对应关系,探寻技术发展方向;并以国内外舰艇惯性导航技术发展的历程进行佐证。     

国产船用电器产品的现状与展望

本文就修造船中所使用的船舶电气设备的现状作了分析，指出了此类产品与国外同类产品相比存在的差距，并提出了具体的改进措施。     

基于多Agent的反潜水面舰艇仿真平台模块化设计

为了满足仿真系统中智能兵力的智能性和反潜战军事领域仿真资源的可重用性要求,针对现代水面舰艇反潜作战特点和系统设计的新需求,结合模块化建模和多Agent建模2种方法,从宏观和微观角度对水面舰艇仿真平台进行了功能分析;划分了舰艇平台系统模块,建立了舰艇平台层次多Agent模型;利用XML技术在HLA基础上进行了水面舰艇平台的联邦成员设计,分析了联邦成员信息交互关系,完成了各种Agent的构造和决策设计。从而满足了系统仿真粒度的需求,提高了系统仿真平台模型资源可重用性、灵活性和可扩展性。     

船舶制造技术成熟度评估系统

在船舶制造中,技术成熟度的评估意识薄弱且缺少信息化手段。通过确定评估指标、设定权重,建立船舶制造技术成熟度评估系统,由系统计算成熟度的得分和等级,从总体设计、建造工艺、船厂建造资源能力、船舶研制定型后等方面进行评估。该系统可减少返工带来的时间成本、人力成本,提高船舶制造技术成熟度评估的科学性、准确性、可靠性、灵活性及效率。     

船后喷水推进器水下辐射噪声源脉动流场的数值计算

为避免尺度效应对噪声性能的影响,文章研究探索了在实尺度条件下装船后喷水推进器噪声声源的数值计算方法。首先,基于分离涡模型对国外某喷水推进泵内部非定常流场进行了数值模拟,将计算得到的不同转速下泵的功率值与厂商提供数据进行对比,最大误差在2.0%以内,验证了数值计算方法的准确性和有效性。其次,完成了实尺度条件下某"船体+喷水推进泵+进水流道"系统带自由液面的非定常流场的数值计算。提取了实船条件下喷水推进器流道进口处的不均匀速度场,将其加载到单个喷水推进器数值计算模型的进口边界。进而,采用分离涡模型对该船后"喷水推进泵+进水流道"内部非定常流场脉动压力进行数值计算,分析了各个特征截面压力脉动的频域特性,为下一步准确计算喷水推进器噪声提供了有效的脉动流场信息。     

大平岛围垦工程对航道、码头影响研究

基于工程海域条件分析,建立了平面二维潮流泥沙数学模型。在实测资料验证良好的基础上,对大平岛围垦工程前、后的潮流、悬沙场等进行了模拟,就工程对围区附近航道、码头的影响进行了分析研究。研究表明,本工程的实施对周边海域没有大范围的根本性影响,其影响主要集中在西侧水道的局部水域,会使处于围区西侧水道的燕山热电厂煤码头及其航道等产生淤积,建议定期疏浚或采取其它工程措施。     

船闸自动控制系统的养护与检修

以连云港市盐灌船闸为例,对船闸自动控制系统应用一年来PLC的运行环境、日常维护、故障检修等进行总结,对水位计、限位开关等主要电气元器件的养护与优化进行分析,并对船闸液压、机械设备日常维护和常见故障处理进行探讨.总结了船闸自动控制系统的养护与检修方法.     

Formation of Denmark Strait overflow water and its hydro-chemical composition

The dense overflow across the Denmark Strait is investigated with hydrographic and hydro-chemical data and the water mass composition of the Denmark Strait Overflow Water (DSOW) is determined by multivariate analysis. Hydrographical properties, the transient tracers CFC-11 and CFC-12, oxygen and nutrients are utilized for the water mass definitions. Distribution and characteristics of water masses north of Denmark Strait are described, the important water masses at the sill and the variability on weekly time-scales are discussed, and the entrainment and mixing of water into the overflow plume in the northern Irminger Basin is calculated. The analysis indicates that water masses both from the Nordic Seas and the Arctic Ocean are important for the formation of DSOW. It is found that water masses transported with the East Greenland Current make up about 75% of the overflow at the sill. The overflow at, and shortly south of, the sill is inhomogeneous with a low-salinity component dominated by Polar Intermediate Water. The high-salinity component of the overflow is mainly of Arctic origin. The water mass composition, and the short-term variability for 7 repeats of sections close to the sill are described, and these illustrate that the overflow is in fact a composite of a number of water masses with different formation and transport histories. This indicate that the overflow is a robust feature, but that it responds to variations in the circulation or atmospheric forcing that influences the formation of intermediate and deep water masses within the Arctic Mediterranean and the North Atlantic. At a section about 400 km south of the sill the overflow is well mixed and modified by entrainment of, mainly, Iceland–Scotland Overflow Water and Labrador Sea Water, together constituting 30% of the overflow plume. The entrainment of Middle Irminger Water dominates shortly downstream of the sill, before the overflow plume reaches too deep but the entrainment seems to be intermittent in time.     

BIM技术在航道建设中的作用

航道工程具有施工工期长、施工影响因素多等特点。在航道工程的设计、施工、维护的各个阶段,随着对精细化管理的需求日趋提高,传统的实施方法已不能满足工程的强度与精度要求。从航道工程和BIM的特性入手,探讨了BIM技术在航道工程设计、施工、维护等各阶段的应用。在保证设计合理性的前提下,可通过BIM模型完成设计意图的表达与传递,从而保证航道工程的施工质量,以及后续维护阶段航道整治建筑物安全、稳定地发挥其作用。     

船用非金属材料的石棉检测探究

国际上对船用非金属材料无石棉的要求越来越高,中国是造船大国和修船大国,对此应高度重视.采用GB/T 23263-2009标准,运用X射线衍射仪(XRD)和偏光显微镜(PLM)联合检测的方法对石棉进行定性定量分析是比较适当的.文章分析了石棉检测的标准和判定依据,制定了取样原则,并针对相关问题提出了改进的建议.     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

丁坝群坝田与主流水沙交换与冲淤机理综述

丁坝群不同平面布置方案下坝田与主流间的泥沙交换和地形变化是长江口深水航道回淤机理及减淤措施研究的重要内容,但以往研究不多。坝田与主流的泥沙交换及地形变化与紊流结构及时均流场有关,即与坝田-主流主界面混合层的大尺度相干结构和坝田内时均大尺度环流有关。在出水丁坝和淹没丁坝情况下坝田与主流的质量交换系数变化不大,约为0. 02左右。坝田不存在悬沙的平衡剖面(Rouse分布),悬沙和底沙均存在指向坝田的净输沙。坝田淤积达到准平衡状态需要5～6 a,但基本上在前2 a就达到了平衡。