我国液化石油气汽车的发展现状

本文叙述了LPG汽车的国外发展简况和国内发展概况，并提出了我国发展LPG汽车存在的主要问题。     

北京市发展燃气汽车的技术评估与对策研究

在调查北京市燃气汽车发展现状的基础上，收集大量资料和数据，对LPG，CNG汽车的技术水平和加气站建设作技术上的分析，在总结国外发展燃气汽车经验的同时，结合北京市的具体情况，提出北京市发展燃气汽车的对策。     

液态多点电喷两用燃料汽车的研究

在内燃机理论和热力学计算的基础上研究了LPG液态多点进气道喷射的燃料供给系统和控制系统的理论,设计了液态多点电喷两用燃料汽车,解决了目前普通汽油汽车改装蒸发预混合式LPG系统后动力性下降、经济性优势不明显及环保性未得到充分利用的问题。通过试验结果证明:液态多点电喷两用燃料汽车具有良好的动力性,明显的经济性优势及达到欧Ⅲ排放要求。     

LPG/汽油双燃料汽车发动机的二级维护

LPG/汽油(电控)双燃料汽车由于具有低污染、低消耗、低噪声的特点,在我国得到广泛的应用和发展,特别是在出租车市场占有较大的比重。对于LPG/汽油双燃料汽车合理的定期维护,是保证汽车处于良好技术状况的基础,也是延长汽车使用寿命、减少故障率的重要措施。     

电控CNG发动机性能分析及试验研究

1背景为了解决由车用发动机排放造成的环境污染问题和日益严峻的能源问题,世界各国在制定各种严格的车辆排放法规来规范汽车生产和使用的同时,开始大力发展代用燃料汽车。由于天然气在资源和成本等方面的优势,所以天然气汽车迅速发展起来,汽车改装、天然气储存及加气站的全套技     

液化石油气汽车燃料供给系统的关键技术分析

与传统的车用燃料（汽油和柴油）相比，液化石油气（LPG）具有优良的理化特性，是公认的清洁燃料，LPG汽车在企业的应用是目前所有替代能源汽车中最为广泛的。从最初主要考虑替代能源的第一代技术，到目前呆与最先进的燃油喷射相媲美的，可与OEM配套，适应OBD，具有独立控制策略和燃料成分自适应功能的第四代技术，LPG汽车的相关技术伴随着传统汽车技术的发展、排放标准的日益严格而得到了快速的发展。本文在综合分析了不同阶段的LPG供给系统技术水平，尤其是LPG电控喷射的关键技术，研究了各种系统的优缺点及影响汽车排放特性、动力性和经济性的关键因素，重点介绍了电控喷射系统的相关情况。     

我国清洁替代燃料汽车技术发展战略的选择（续34期）

五、我国燃气（尤指天然气）汽车和混合动力汽车发展简况、存在的主要问题及对策建议1关于燃气（尤指天然气）汽车1．1国际上可供借鉴的经验或做法1，1．1全球天然气汽车数量鉴于燃气汽车在环保性、使用经济性等方面的巨大优势，近年来，在全世界范围内，清洁燃气汽车发展很快。据有关资料统计，2005年，全球天然气汽车总保有量约为500万辆，LPG汽车900万辆，约占全球汽车总保有量的1，8％。其中，以俄罗斯、意大利、荷兰、阿根廷等国的保有量最多。     

液化石油气汽车试验研究

本文介绍了液化石油气（LPG）汽车的情况、车用LPG的特性与优点，三种车用LPG系统和我国LPG汽车的技术水平，对我国LPG汽车的性能试验结果进行了分析，探讨了目前我国LPG汽车存在的问题，并提出了几点建议。     

在用LPG汽车检测规范的研究

简述了我国LPG汽车标准体系现状,分析了在用LPG汽车检测规范方面的不足,提出LPG汽车专用装置检测项目和检测规范。随机选择了10辆LPG汽车样本,进行了双怠速排放性能、LPG钢瓶的合格性、燃气供给系统外观与泄漏性能检测,验证了检测项目的合理性与可行性。     

广州市LPG加气站近期实施规划要点解析

研究在总结广州市LPG加气站近期实施规划的方法和流程的基础上,从规划的3个重点问题入手,归纳了加气站的现状建设发展特点,并通过对加气需求预测、规划布局方案和规划方案评价3个部分的分析,明确了各阶段的规划要点和相互关系。最后,对城市加气站的规划管理提出了建议,提供作为规划实施参考。     

液化石油气发动机试验研究及发展趋势

介绍了液化石油气 (LPG)汽车发动机国内外研究进展情况 ,并简要介绍了本研究所在这方面所开展的工作 ,重点阐述了LPG汽车发动机的发展趋势以及采用电控LPG缸内直喷技术的优点和意义     

液化石油气汽车技术的发展与应用

介绍了液化石油气(LPG)汽车改装技术及发展状况,分析了其性能特点和排放效果,提出了加快我国LPG电控喷射技术发展的必要性。在LPGV技术的发展中,首先,介绍了车用LPG混合气系统(第一代)。其次,介绍了电子控制车用LPG气化器系统(第二代)。最后,介绍了车用LPG电控喷射系统(第三代)。     

液态喷射式LPG系统简介

电喷发动机上使用的闭环控制液化石油气装置从供气方式上可分为混合器式，气态喷射式和液态喷射式，液态喷射式LPG装置也称为LPI系统。介绍了LPI系统的工作过程，保持液态LPG的方式及其电子控制方式，由于采用兴态喷射，与混合器式和气态喷射式LPG系统相比，具有响应时间快，喷射精确及时及不占用空气进气体积等特点。     

柴油机微粒捕集器定工况主动再生条件的试验研究

柴油机尾气后处理系统采用仅安装氧化催化转化器方案,通过试验确定了柴油机微粒捕集器定工况主动再生时所需的入口条件,通过对发动机不同工况排气温度的测量确定了微粒捕集器定工况主动再生的发动机工况点,得出了主动再生时排气管中所需喷入液化石油气的喷射脉宽.试验中氧化催化转化器对HC的转化效率达到了90%以上,满足了再生期间对催化...     

黄岛50万m3地下液化石油气水封洞库库容测量

地下水封液化石油气(LPG)洞库建成验收后,要对洞罐的容积进行测量。为了测量结构复杂的黄岛50万m3LPG地下水封洞库的库容容积,首先,确定测量模型,把组成洞库的单个洞室或巷道定义为特殊尺寸的隧道并作为测量单元,分析断面测量过程中影响库容容积精度的因素;其次,探讨高精度自动测量Ⅰ级全站仪、隧道断面测量系统和三维实体建模软件的组合应用,根据采集的断面点集数据,通过人工计算和建模自动计算的相互验证,并与第三方成果对比分析;最后,创建洞库三维模型,水平剖切得到规定要求的一定深度容积计量表、切片图和洞库三维模型切片储量报告。结果表明： 采用断面法测量洞库库容是一种比较可行的测量方法,易操作,能保证精度要求。     

On-road chasing measurement of exhaust particle emissions from diesel,CNG, LPG,and DME-fueled vehicles using a mobile emission laboratory

We designed and applied a mobile emission laboratory for on-road measurements of exhaust particles emitted from conventional diesel, compressed natural gas (CNG), liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), and dimethyl ether (DME)-fueled vehicles. Fuel type and vehicle driving conditions significantly affected the particle size distribution and the number concentrations of the nucleation mode. For all buses, the size distributions of particles in the exhaust under idling conditions had larger mode diameters than at constant speed conditions of 50 km/h or 80 km/h. The nucleation mode (< 50 nm) fraction of diesel, CNG, LPG, and DME at a constant speed of 50 km/h was 53%, 63%, 79%, and 99%, respectively, indicating that the DME-fueled bus emitted the most nanoparticles. As the vehicle speed increased from 50 km/h to 80 km/h, the nucleation mode fraction of diesel, CNG, LPG, and DME changed to 43%, 99%, 99%, and 99%, representing a significant increase in the number concentrations of nanoparticles in the CNG and LPG-fueled vehicles. The particle size distributions in the exhaust of diesel, CNG, LPG, and DME-fueled vehicles were not affected by increase in the chasing distance.     

Design and optimization of an LPG roller vane pump for suppressing cavitation

A roller vane type liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) pump was developed for a liquid phase LPG injection (LPLi) engine. Most of the LPG pumps used in the current LPLi engines are installed inside of the LPG tank, but this pump is intended to be installed outside of the LPG tank to overcome the difficulty of fixing an in-tank pump. Because LPG has a low boiling point and high vapor pressure, it usually causes cavitation in the pump and consequently deteriorates the flow rate of the pump. The purpose of this work is to optimize the design of the roller vane pump in order to suppress cavitation and increase the fuel flow rate by using a computational fluid dynamics (CFD) analysis. In order to achieve these goals, the intake port configuration and the rotor of the roller vane pump were redesigned and simulated using STAR-CD code. Computation was performed for six different models to obtain the optimized design of the roller vane pump at a constant speed of 2600 rpm and a constant pressure difference between the inlet and outlet of 5 bar. The computation results show that an increased intake port cross-section area can suppress cavitation, and the pump can achieve a higher flow rate when the rotor configuration is changed to increase its chamber volume. When the inlet pressure difference is 0.1 bar higher than the fluid saturation pressure, the pump reaches its maximum flow rate.     

Lubrication characteristics of spiral groove liquid seals for use in the carrier of a vane-type external LPG fuel pump

We analyzed the lubrication characteristics of a design-selected spiral groove liquid seal for the critical component, the carrier, of a rotary vane-type fuel pump developed for external installation on fuel tanks for liquid phase LPG (liquefied petroleum gas) injection (LPLi) vehicles, with the aim of fundamentally improving lubrication performance and so protecting the carrier from early frictional wear damage at its suction face. The main reason for selecting a spiral groove pattern was because the viscosity of liquid LPG is very low, comparable to that of air, and current commercial dry gas seals adopting spiral grooves have been successfully employed in completely noncontacting applications. Utilizing the Galerkin finite element lubrication analysis method, a detailed lubrication characteristic analysis of the seal was performed, and lubrication performance optimization was performed by systematic parameter analyses of the design variables. Compared to the initial reference design, the final optimized spiral groove seal design had a groove depth increased by 66.7% and an equilibrium seal clearance increased by 65.3%. Our model also predicted that under a condition of equilibrium between the closing force of the pumping pressure and the seal opening force, the optimally designed carrier spiral groove liquid seal was capable of maintaining a stable lubricating film with sufficient axial stiffness and thereby demonstrated successful noncontact operation; in addition, leakage through the seal was minimal.     

Effect of fuel choice on nanoparticle emission factors in LPG-gasoline bi-fuel vehicles

Nanoparticle and gas-phase emission factors are presented for a liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) passenger vehicle and are compared to gasoline operation. A bi-fuel LPG-gasoline vehicle certified for use on either fuel was used as the test vehicle so that a direct comparison of the emissions could be made based on fuel choice. These values were considered along with previous studies to determine the relative change in particulate emissions due to fuel choice over a wide range of vehicles and operating conditions. The vehicle examined in this study was tested on a chassis dynamometer for both steadystate and transient conditions. Transient test cycles included the US FTP72 driving cycle, Japanese driving cycle and modified Indian driving cycle while steady-state tests were done at vehicle speeds ranging from 10–90 km/hr in various transmission gears. Exhaust particle size distributions were measured in real-time using a differential mobility spectrometer (DMS50), and particle number and particle mass emission factors were calculated. For both fuels, the majority of the particles ranged from 5 to 160 nm in terms of particle diameter, with typically more than 85% of the particles in the nucleation mode (between 5–50 nm). In most cases, the vehicle produced a greater fraction of larger (accumulation mode) particles when fuelled on LPG. Using the data in the literature as well as the data in the current study, gasoline fuel produces 4.6 times more particles in terms of number and 2.1 times more particles in terms of mass.     

Combustion characteristics of LPG and biodiesel mixed fuel in two blending ratios under compression ignition in a constant volume chamber

This study aims to investigate the combustion characteristics of mixed fuel of liquefied propane gas (LPG) and biodiesel under compression ignition (CI) in an effort to develop highly efficient and environmentally friendly mixed fuelbased CI engines. Although LPG fuel is known to be eco-friendly due to its low CO₂ emission, LPG has not yet been widely applied for highly efficient CI engines because of its low cetane number and is usually mixed with other types of CI-friendly fuels. In this study, a number of experiments were prepared with a constant volume chamber (CVC) setup to understand the fundamental combustion characteristics of mixed fuel with LPG and biodiesel in two weight-based ratios and exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) conditions. The results from the current investigations verify the applicability of mixed fuel of LPG and biodiesel in CI engines with a carefully designed combustion control strategy that maximizes the benefits of the mixed fuel. Based on the results of this study, ignition is improved by increasing the cetane value by using higher blending ratios of biodiesel. As the blending ratios of biodiesel increased, CO and HC decreased and CO₂ and NO_x increases.