建设21世纪“海上丝绸之路”与实施“海运强国”战略浅析

通过分析21世纪"海上丝绸之路"内外环境核心要素,认知海运强国战略已上升到实践阶段。同时,简化"丝路"划分界定,纵览与沿岸国贸易往来,明确"丝路"发展经济价值。通过展望海运核心产业发展,论述海运强国与"丝路"建设的战略关系,并为再创辉煌海运提出建设性意见。     

对“宙斯盾”相控阵雷达的干扰方法研究

通过对"宙斯盾"相控阵雷达抗干扰措施的分析,提出了相应的干扰对策,从而形成了对抗"宙斯盾"相控阵雷达的无人机"蜂群"干扰方法。     

水下采油树的传热计算与保温设计*

良好的保温设计是水下采油树流动安全保障的基本措施,包括水下采油树"热点"和"冷点"的保温处理。通过对"热点"位置添加保温材料,对"冷点"位置安装可靠的保温结构,改善水下采油树整体结构的传热特性,进而防止原油析蜡和水合物结晶。保温设计的关键问题是传热计算,目前通用的水下采油树传热计算方法准确度不够。通过概述水下采油树传热计算方法的不足和改进方向,详细介绍了水下采油树保温方案的设计方法。     

大型海船建造检验“节点控制法”研究与实践

通过大量万吨级海船建造检验实践,研究基于船舶建造过程控制的"节点控制法"。阐述了船舶建造检验"节点控制法"的概念和特点,详细说明了"节点控制法"在检验中的运用。     

解剖风力发电机的“生命密码”

编前语 认证中视冰冷的"风力发电机"为一个鲜活的生命,那么,通过设计和认证将"规范"融入"风机"的生命里,它就具有了可靠的生命密码.     

海事干部应当树立"三唯"意识

本文通过阐述陈云同志的"三唯"思想,提出新时期海事干部应当正确树立 "唯实、唯上、唯书"的"三唯"意识,培育科学的发展观.     

搭建校企合作平台,共建“双师型”教师培养培训基地

"双师型"教师一直是航海院校的软肋,文章通过阐述双师型现状和目前主要培养途径,提出校企合作是培养"双师型"的主要方法。     

创建优质服务窗口是体现“民生海事”的关键

本文从民生海事的内涵出发,通过对创建海事服务窗口途径的分析,突出"服务窗口"、"平安窗口"、"形象窗口"、"管理窗口"的特点,阐述创建"依法、规范、廉洁、高效"的优质服务窗口在"民生海事"中的关键作用。     

红水河通航标准有望由250吨级升至500吨级

近日,西部交通建设科技项目"提高西南水运出海中线通道(红水河)通过能力若干关键技术的研究"及"峡谷段枢纽船闸平面布置和下游通航水位备降技术研究"可行性研究报告通过了专家评审。专家委员会认为,西南水运出海中线通道(红水河)跨越我国三省一区,在我国内河主通道网占据了"一横"的重要地位。目前,红水河干流水电枢纽梯级开发建设中存在着通航建筑物建设规模不统一、     

科技新成果

<正>即墨"集装箱式移动加油站箱体"科技成果通过专家鉴定近日,坐落在山东省即墨市的青岛金黄海集装箱有限公司研发的"集装箱式移动加油站箱体"通过专家鉴定。专家认为该成果制作加工设计技术先进,市场前景广阔,经济社会效益明显,在国内燃料移动供应设备产品领域处于领先水平。     

Determinants of the probability of default: the case of the internationally listed shipping corporations

In this study, we use a sample of 192 listed shipping companies and employ a logit model in order to investigate the determinants of the probability of default. We enhance our analysis by isolating not only the cases of company liquidations but also those cases where companies had to change their legal status due to warning liquidity signals. Our key findings are in line with prior research and moreover we depict a changing trend in the marginal effects of relevant variables, on the probability of default. We further show, through an empirical application, how the obtained results can be used in a managerial decision-making process and in a bank credit underwriting process in order to assess the creditworthiness of a shipping company.     

A study of liabilities of multimodal transport operators in China

This article studies the liabilities of a multimodal transport operator under Chinese law. The present legal framework governing the multimodal transport consists of a complex array of laws and regulations. As a consequence, the applicable liability rules, the degree and the extent of the liability of a multimodal transport operator may vary from case to case. In addition, the ratification of the Rotterdam Rules would only contribute to clarification of legal complexities in a multimodal transport case where a sea leg is included. We conclude that there is a need to have a Chinese multimodal transport law which is broad enough in scope to govern the rights and liabilities of all parties involved in multimodal carriage in China.     

用于船舶平衡的压载物分布和重量计算

散货船在不同货物舱装货时选择哪个压载舱来配平,在货物舱注入货物时候如何调节流量来保持船舶即时平衡,这些问题涉及到船舶的重心和稳心。本文依据力学平衡理论,选择出最优压载舱;依据船舶静态平衡理论和微积分算法,计算出装货过程中船舶变化的重心和稳心,以及船舶倾斜角度与装载货物的关系。当达到船舶允许的最大倾斜角后,操作者就必须给压载舱注入压载物以避免船舶过度倾斜。利用计算机控制阀门开度可以有效控制压载物的流量。     

半潜驳工程应用功能的新发展

利用半潜驳下潜、起浮功能开发了海上待修船舶上排和已修船舶下水工艺,改变了传统的滑道上排和进坞修船工艺,该工艺为海上施工船舶提供灵活、便捷的维修服务创造了条件。半潜驳一次出运双沉箱技术的开发,发展了沉箱出运工艺,提高了半潜驳效率,降低了半潜驳的使用成本。     

Impact of scale increase of container ships on the generalised chain cost

In recent years, an increase in the size of the container ships could be observed. The question is how these larger ships will influence the total generalised costs from a port of loading to a destination in the European hinterland. The second question is whether a scale increase of the container ships on other loops, such as a loop from the United States to Europe, has the same impact on the generalised chain costs as on the loop from Asia to Europe. A derived question is which element of the total chain has the highest importance, and whether this balance varies as the ship size changes. In this article, a model is developed that allows answering the above research questions. The model is designed to simulate the cost of a complete loop of a container ship and of a chain that uses that same loop. For the chain cost simulation, the maritime part is determined by the loop. From the ports of loading and unloading, the port container handling and the hinterland transportation costs are also integrated. The model also allows calculating the total chain cost from a point of origin (either a hinterland region or a port) to a destination point (also a port or a hinterland region). An actual container loop of a container shipping company can be introduced in the model. An application is made to two existing container loops, namely from Asia respectively the United States to Europe. It turns out that changing ship does indeed lead to economies of scale, but also that the impact is larger on the Asia–Europe connection than on the US–Europe connection. Furthermore, the maritime component has the biggest share in the total chain cost, but as ship size increases, the shares start getting closer to each other. This research contributes to the existing literature in two ways. First of all, it quantifies the impact of the scale increase of container ships throughout the total chain. Second, this is done from a bottom-up engineering modelling approach.     

沉箱箱壁计算分析和局部优化

采用结构计算程序AN SY S,对北方某港拟建的15万吨级矿石转水码头大直径圆沉箱箱壁进行了计算。对桥梁计算中通用的影响线加载程序进行修改,编制成适用于卸船机荷载的动态规划程序,并嵌入结构分析程序中,计算出最不利组合工况下的沉箱箱壁受力;同时参考AN SY S拓扑优化结果,对沉箱消浪孔形式和布置位置等进行了调整,计算分析后给出了受力性能更为合理的细部构造布置。     

Numerical prediction of the surf-riding threshold of a ship in stern quartering waves in the light of bifurcation theory

In order to develop design and operational criteria to be used at the International Maritime Organization (IMO), critical conditions for broaching are explored in the light of bifurcation analysis. Since surf-riding, which is a prerequisite to broaching, can be regarded as a heteroclinic bifurcation, one of global bifurcations, of a surge-sway-yaw-roll model in quartering waves, the relevant bifurcation condition is formulated with a rigorous mathematical background. Then an efficient numerical solution procedure suitable for tracing the surf-riding threshold hypersurface is presented with successful examples. This deals with all state and control variables in parallel, and excludes backward time integration and an orthogonal condition in the iteration process. The bifurcation conditions identified were compared with the results from a direct numerical simulation in the time domain. As a result, it was confirmed that the heteroclinic bifurcation provides a boundary between motions periodically overtaken by waves and nonperiodic motions such as surf-riding and broaching.     

Maneuvering simulations of pusher-barge systems

Pusher-barge systems were studied in nine different configurations. Captive model tests were performed at the Hiroshima University Towing Tank and the hydrodynamic derivatives for the various configurations were obtained. At a service speed of 7 knots, pusher-barge systems with the same number of barges but arranged in a row (shorter length overall but with a larger breadth) require more power to operate than those that were arranged in a line. When the length overall increased, the tactical diameter, advance, and transfer distances also increased, mainly due to the significant increase in the moment of inertia when barges are arranged in a line, rather than in a row. All pusher-barge systems had small first and second overshoot angles. Pusher-barge systems with the same number of barges had a longer response time to the rudder angle of attack and required a longer stopping distance when arranged in a line, mainly due to the increased moment of inertia and reduced resistance when barges are arranged in this way.     

The impact of compliance measures on the operation of a bus system: The case of Transantiago

In a regulated bus system operated by private companies, pecuniary incentives can be of primary importance to ensure the quality of the operation and the level of service, especially when there are only a few companies and basically no competition among them. The case of Transantiago, in the capital city of Chile, provides a good example of this. The very ambitious Transantiago project, implemented in 2007 in Santiago, integrated the bus and the subway systems, changing the route structure of the bus services, introducing a common and integrated fare system and electronic payment device, and tendering the operation of approximately 4,600 buses (which by the launch of the system in February 2007 had increased to 5600) to 10 private companies replacing some 4000 small operators which owned 8000 buses. In the beginning, the system faced huge difficulties. Operators' revenue formula basically consisted of a fixed payment, which changed slightly with the actual patronage. This quickly turned out to be a problem, and as technological support became available (several months after the launch), compliance measures were implemented, directly affecting the operators' revenue. The first measure considered the seat/standing places per hour of the buses in operation, for each company, and compared it to the theoretical figure. As a result, buses operating during peak hours increased from 4600 to 5600 in just two months. Subsequent indexes included service frequency and regularity, as well as effective bus-km, aggregated by company first and later by service. This paper shows how the successive implementation of these performance indexes had an impact on the operation of Transantiago in the first years, discusses the difficulties faced to implement them and highlights the importance of technological support to make possible the application of adequate compliance measures.     

南海公园大方量土方开挖施工工艺简析

目前大方量土方开挖施工无成熟经验参考,本文以江苏省盐城市南海公园湖体开挖为例,从施工平面布置、交通运输组织、排水措施以及施工工艺等方面总结大方量土方开挖施工经验,为今后类似工程提供参考,提高施工效率。