黄土隧道防排水施工技术

防水要求高是公路隧道特点之一,隧道防排水的成败影响其使用寿命及运营管理,黄延高速公路道南隧道是一座土质隧道,隧道所在区普遍有地下水,而且隧道路面位于地下水位之下.针对道南隧道的施工特点,阐述了防排水施工工艺.     

山区公路隧道地下水环境保护与限排防水技术研究

1引言本文借鉴地铁隧道、海底隧道的防排水技术经验,在明确公路隧道修建和地下水资源环境相互影响关系的前提下,分析评价公路隧道对水资源环境的影响程度。制订了一套隧道修建对水资源环境影响的分级以及评价体系,提出地下水环境平衡的设计理念。并针对隧道修建对环境影响的不同级别,提出隧道涌水量分区预测和对公路隧道堵水限排类型的选择,研究不同地区水压对于隧道衬砌结构的影响,进而提出隧址区地下水环境保护与限排防水整体解决方案,以指导隧道建设,达到和     

矿山法修建水下隧道的设计要点

水下隧道的设计和常规隧道相比有许多不同的特点,修建方法也有许多不同。文章通过综合考虑地质条件、接线条件、外部条件、工程造价等因素,论证了工法选择的要点,并指出岩石覆盖厚度、隧道防排水方式会直接影响矿山法水下隧道的安全性和经济性;在进行充分论证和分析的基础上,提出了确定隧道埋深与防排水形式的方法和原则,对采用不同的防排水方式,明确了相应的水压力计算方法;通过工程实例分析,提出了保证隧道耐久性和保障水下隧道施工安全的有效方法。     

青岛胶州湾隧道结构防排水系统研究

文章结合在建的青岛胶州湾隧道工程,对隧道防排水原则、防排水系统设计、防排水材料室内实验及防排水系统施工质量控制等方面进行了研究.提出预埋可重复注浆管、设置渗水盲管检查井等工程措施,使隧道防排水系统具有可维护性;通过室内试验,提出了防排水材料抵抗海水侵蚀能力的检测方法及标准,并提出了隧道防排水系统的施工质量控制措施.     

渝怀铁路歌乐山隧道排水的地下水环境负效应评价

根据调查,渝怀铁路歌乐山隧道排水引发的地下水环境负效应主要包括区域地下水位下降、地表人居饮水困难、农业生产条件改变和地面塌陷等.利用岩溶隧道地下水环境负效应评价指标体系对该隧道排水的地下水环境负效应进行评价,其结果以Ⅳ级为主,综合反映出该隧道排水产生的地下水环境负效应较强,与调查结果基本一致.上述评价工作不仅可为该隧道防排水管理提供参考,也可为类似隧道工程的选址提供科学依据.     

隧道防排水技术及材料进展与展望

随着隧道建设实践探索的不断深入和对防排水规律认识的加深,我国隧道防排水技术逐步发展。通过梳理隧道防排水技术及材料发展历程,可大致将其分为建国前无防排水设计阶段、20世纪50年代压浆防水阶段、20世纪60～70年代以排为主阶段和20世纪80年代至今“防、排、截、堵结合”阶段共4个阶段,并对不同阶段的防排水设计重心以及防排水技术措施的产生过程进行总结。随后,阐述目前隧道防排水系统组成的现状,并对防（排）水板、排水盲管和衬砌接缝防水止水带进行重点介绍。最后,从设计、材料、施工3个方面对未来几年隧道防排水的发展方向和研究重点进行展望。     

隧道防排水质量检测关键技术在高原寒区的应用研究

隧道防排水系统是隧道重要的防排水措施[1],而高原寒区隧道渗漏水是最常见的病害之一,隧道结构在渗漏水的长期作用下,将极大地降低了其内部各种设施使用寿命和功能,恶化了隧道的运营环境,为隧道结构带来了安全隐患。隧道防排水应遵循"防、排、截、堵相结合,因地制宜,综合治理"的原则[2],而防排水质量检测则成为了防排水质量体系中的重要环节。目前,隧道工程防排水质量检测关键技术在高原寒区的应用需要总结、研究与探讨,研究成果对防排水质量的把握以及施工反馈具有重要的指导意义。     

公路隧道防排水施工质量管控措施

隧道防排水施工为公路隧道施工的关键工序,可影响隧道施工的安全及使用寿命。文章以某富水地段隧道工程为背景,结合隧道防排水设计,介绍隧道防排水施工控制要点、质量通病及处理方案,以期提高隧道防排水施工质量,为类似隧道防排水施工提供经验借鉴。     

浅谈公路隧道结构防排水施工及防治措施

目前公路隧道防排水设计采取"防、排、截、堵相结合,因地制宜,综合治理"的原则,以达到隧道防水质量可靠的目的,隧道结构防排水设施措施由环向排水管、纵向排水管、在复合式衬砌之间设置土工布加防水板和隧道两侧的排水沟组成完善的排水系统。本文浅析了隧道复合式衬砌防排水机理,并就隧道防排水施工工艺重点进行了概述,以供读者参考。     

寒冷地区铁路隧道防寒排水设计探讨

在寒冷地区,隧道常常会发生冻害,直接威胁隧道结构及行车安全。总结了我国近年来寒冷地区运营隧道防寒保温防排水设计措施,并对隧道冻胀病害情况进行了分析;从隧道结构、围岩、防排水系统防寒保温以及隧道防排水系统等方面,对寒区隧道防寒保温防排水的综合措施进行了深入的探讨。     

关角隧道斜井岩溶裂隙水处理技术探讨

文章以西格二线关角隧道3#、4#斜井涌水处理为例,详细介绍了注浆堵水方案、注浆工艺、抽排水设备的配置;并根据灰岩岩溶裂隙水的涌水特征,总结、探讨了斜井施工中堵、排水措施的水量选择标准和注浆措施的选取标准.可为其它类似工程设计、施工提供工程借鉴与参考.     

高原区内燃牵引2～4km单线隧道自然通风可行性分析

基于关角隧道、羊八井隧道内燃牵引机车有害气体浓度冬季监测结果,以及拉日线隧址区现场风速观测,提出了拉日线隧道外自然风速的建议值。通过对隧道热位差产生的隧道内自然风速的计算,以及隧道内风速和污染物浓度一维非恒定流数值模拟,确定了隧道内自然风速的合理取值,计算了活塞风风速及活塞风长度;分析了拉日线3 000～4 070 m长度隧道全年内可实现自然通风的时段。研究表明,长度3 000 m以下的隧道,运营期间可实现自然通风;长度3 000～4 070 m的隧道采用自然通风,可在远期运行图周期内使有害气体达标。     

铁路隧道凸壳型防排水板通水能力研究

文章基于我国铁路隧道防排水体系的技术现状及铁路隧道防排水领域存在的主要问题,介绍了凸壳型防排水板的基本特征,并对凸壳型防排水板的等效管径、通水量等进行了理论计算和研究。结果表明:单位幅宽(隧道纵向延长米)凸壳型防排水板的最小等效管径为0.0626 m,不同工况下其通水量为376~2138 m^3/d;凸壳型防排水板的通水能力是环向盲管的18~38倍;提高凸壳型防排水板凸壳体的抗压强度是确保其通水能力的有效措施;凸壳型防排水板可全面替代传统的防水板与环向排水盲管设置。     

齐岳山隧道进口背斜地段岩溶发育特征分析与治理

齐岳山隧道全长10 528 m,是在建铁路宜万线第三长隧道,隧道进口采取反坡施工。在进口齐岳山背斜地段施工过程中,先后揭示了6个大型岩溶,充填物有水、淤泥、粘土和块石土等多种,水量、水压不等。根据充填介质和工程及水文地质特征,施工中有针对性地采取了释放、排泄、注浆等不同措施,使不同类型的岩溶得到了有效的治理。     

等里程间隔GM(1,1)模型在关角隧道6号斜井涌水量预测中的应用

在原始灰色GM(1,1)模型的基础上,通过运用等间距里程序列的分析方法建立模型,并对关角隧道6号斜井的涌水量进行了模拟预测。经检验,预测结果精度较高,对隧道工程涌水量的短期预测具有较大的实用价值。     

某富水断层隧道涌水治理方案优化分析及工程应用北大核心CSCD

以武九高速高楼山公路隧道为例,针对以断层破碎带为主控因素的隧道突水治理问题展开数值分析研究。基于FLAC 3D有限差分法及流固耦合分析原理,研究了导水洞排水、注浆堵水和排堵结合等不同治理方式对隧道涌水量及围岩稳定性的影响。结果表明:对于富水断层隧道发生A、B级别的大量涌水时,建议同时采取导水洞排水、注浆堵水的排堵结合措施,导水洞设置在近断层处,且与隧道相对距离为0.75(D+l),注浆圈厚度控制在7 m以内,注浆圈相对渗透系数比不超过10,既能降低涌水量,又能保证围岩的稳定性;对于C级涌水隧道,可采取注浆措施,注浆厚度不低于3 m,相对渗透系数不低于20;对于D级及以下涌水隧道,采取常规抽排水措施即可。     

Construction Technology for the Dazhushan Tunnel in a High-Pressure Fault with Abundant Water北大核心CSCD

The Dazhushan tunnel of Dali-Ruili railway is located in an area with complex geological structures,dense faults, various lithologies, fractured soft rock, developed karst and an underground water pressure of up to 3 MPa. Serious mud bursts and water inflow occured during the construction of the parallel adit passing through the Yanziwo fault. The water-stopping technique of grouting reinforcement is studied in light of this high-pressure fault with abundant water; sectional water drainage for moving water and polymerized grouting with super high pressure are presented; and the key points of the grouting reinforcement scheme, construction equipment configuration, criti-cal technology parameters and construction organization are described in detail. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

The Concept and Practice of Treatment for Damage in Railway Tunnel Linings Caused by High-pressure Karst Water北大核心CSCD

In recent years, railway tunnels in karst areas have frequently suffered flooding after high-intensity rainfall, which seriously affects the safety of tunnel operation and the order of transportation, and even interrupts the traffic. Based on the water hazard case in the Yuanbaoshan Tunnel on the Zhijin-Bijie Railway Line, this paper explores the causes of lining damage in terms of geology, rainfall, and the design and construction of water hazard sections, and puts forward the treatment technology for tunnel water hazards with the core concept of "making full use of existing structures and employing open drainage methods in key sections". Besides, this paper simulates and analyzes the formation of hazards and the treatment effect through numerical simulation. The results show that the subjective causes for the damage in tunnel linings include an insufficient understanding of the water-bearing formations at the geological investigation stage, the underestimation of water hazard risks posed by high-intensity rainfall during construction, and the unimproved waterproof and drainage system in the design alteration, while the objective reasons include the development of karst near the tunnel section that passes through the stratum, the strong connectivity of water conduits, and the high-intensity rainfall in a certain period of time on the tunnel site. As for the simulation results, they show that the increase of external water pressure caused by the sudden rise in groundwater level after rainstorm significantly increases the internal force of linings, and eventually leads to a much lower safety factor of sidewall linings and large scale damage, which is in consistency with the characteristics of the actual on-site damage. After on-site emergency treatment, the tunnel structure has become stable and even encountering unprecedentedly heavy rainfall twice, the tunnel has still remained in a good condition. Since then, no water hazards and other disasters have occurred, which proves that the treatment plan is valid. © 2022, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

富水区隧道环向盲管间距优化分析北大核心CSCD

富水区隧道涌水遵循“以堵为主、防排结合”的处置原则,其中排水体系构建的合理性是隧道安全施工与良好运营的关键因素。首先分析隧道排水体系,揭示其工作原理,然后利用FLAC 3D有限差分软件,对鸿图特长隧道富水断层区设置的不同环向盲管间距进行三维流固耦合模拟,通过分析渗水压力、锚杆受力及涌水量,揭示塑性区体积及分布区域特征。研究结果表明:沿隧道轴向,支护结构孔隙水压力大致呈周期性分布,其周期近似等于环向盲管纵向间距;加密环向盲管,在降低支护结构受力并减小塑性区体积的同时,会增加隧道排水量;随环向盲管间距的增大,注浆加固圈塑性区首先出现在围岩好的区域,断层区出现塑性区最晚;断层区锚杆加固效果较差,可通过减小钢拱架环向间距以提高结构刚度,使注浆加固圈沿轴向受力更合理。综合考虑各种因素,建议在建工程断层区环向盲管间距设置为3 m,断层附近区间距为4 m。     

Experimental and Numerical Study on the Behaviors of Deep-Buried Water-Storage and Drainage Shield Tunnels北大核心CSCD

Deep-buried water-storage and drainage shield tunnels, which are different from road and subway shield tunnels in terms of computation theory, construction technology and operation maintenance, would bear high inner water pressure and large earth pressure. In view of the change of the bearing mode for the lining structure of water-storage and drainage shield tunnels, a full-ring test and numerical analysis are carried out to study the influence of inner water pressure, staggered joint assembly and bolt installation types on the behaviors of water-storage and drainage shield tunnels. The results show that the deformation of the straight-jointed water-storage and drainage shield tunnel varies greatly from the state of empty water to that of full water; and the vertical and horizontal convergence deformations of the tunnel with inner water pressure of 0.6 MPa are 2.2 times and 3.2 times of that without inner water pressure, respectively. The convergence deformation, and the maximum joint opening and bolt tension of stagger-jointed lining structure decrease by 15%-25% and 25%- 40%, respectively, compared with that of the straight-jointed water-storage and drainage shield tunnel. The bolts at the segmental joints will yield because of the increase of inner water pressure and the first occurrence of bolt yield phenomenon is located near the position on the lining structure which is under the action of maximum negative bending moment; because the failure of shield tunnel is always caused by the yield of joint bolts, this position is the weak point for the deep-buried water-storage and drainage shield tunnel. For the water-storage and drainage shield tunnel based on the connection with double rows of bolts, the bolts near the outer arc surface of segmental joints in the area of 90 degree in the vault and arch bottom can be removed; the bolts near the inner arc surface of the segmental joints within the 90 degree of the haunch must be installed, otherwise, the tensile force of the bolts at the segmental joint near the maximum negative bending moment will increase by 5%-14%. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.