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汽车底盘测功机通过电涡流测功器产生加载扭矩模拟汽车行驶在道路上时所受到的阻力。针对电涡流测功器输出扭矩的非线性特性,提出采用极限学习机神经网络建立电涡流测功器输出扭矩模型的方法,并利用粒子群算法优化网络结构提高模型的准确性。仿真结果显示,模型的平均相对误差为1.3%。通过与BP神经网络模型相比较,极限学习机模型显示出了更高的准确性。 相似文献
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在一款1.0 L 气道喷射增压汽油机上研究了机油稀释的分布区域及其产生机理,发现机油稀释严重的区域主要集中在高速大负荷工况。通过对喷油器喷孔直径、喷油相位、VVT 动作角、空燃比、水泵流量、机油冷却器散热量、曲轴箱强制通风系统 PCV 阀补气量等相关特性参数的调整验证,发现喷油相位靠后、空燃比过浓是机油稀释严重的主要原因,水泵流量、PCV 阀补气量、VVT 动作角、机油冷却器散热量对机油稀释也有一定的影响,喷油器喷孔直径的变化对机油稀释无影响。最终在该款发动机上综合采用优化喷油相位、水泵流量、PCV 阀补气量、机油冷却器散热量的措施,最大机油稀释水平控制在5%以下。 相似文献
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《公路》2017,(5)
随着高速公路交通控制和出行诱导需求的日益增加,对高速公路交通流量的预测提出了更高的要求。为了提高预测的精度,提出了改进的布谷鸟搜索(cuckoo search,CS)算法优化BP神经网络的高速公路流量预测模型(Weighted value of T dynamic disturbance CS-BP,WTCS-BP)。利用高速观测站的信息采集系统收集车流量信息;离散为时间序列,构建学习样本;利用BP神经网络对采集的样本进行训练,并采用改进的CS算法对网络参数进行优化;建立高速公路交通流量的预测模型。最后通过仿真实验进行测试。结果表明,该模型的拟合度较其他对比模型更接近实际流量。提高了预测的准确性,对高速公路出行起到有效的指导作用。 相似文献
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为解决盾构在复杂地层施工时推进速度和压力难以控制的问题,在压力流量控制的基础上提出BP神经网络控制策略。通过AMESim建立推进系统物理模型,并利用Simulink设计出BP神经网络控制器,最后对系统进行联合仿真,分析推进系统液压缸在变流量和变负载工况下推进速度和压力的响应特性。仿真结果表明:该控制策略与常规PID控制相比,波动幅度降低,调节时间快。采用BP神经网络PID控制能够有效地提高盾构在负载突变情况下速度和压力控制精度,稳定性好、适应能力强,为盾构控制系统设计和优化提供理论参考。 相似文献
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汽车筒式减振器分段线性特性的建模与仿真 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
利用弹性力学原理,根据边界约束条件和阀片变形连续性条件,推导了减振器节流阀片在非均布压力下的变形解析计算式.根据节流阀片厚度、阀片预变形量和常通节流孔面积,利用速度、流量、压力和阀片变形之间的关系,求出了减振器初始开阀和最大开阀两个速度点.根据减振器开阀前、后的油路,利用开阀速度点和阀片变形解析计算式,建立了减振器分段线性特性的仿真模型.利用VC++编程工具,开发了减振器特性仿真软件.通过实例,对所设计的减振器进行了特性仿真,其结果与试验值很好吻合.表明所建立的减振器分段线性特性仿真模型是正确的,所开发的特性仿真软件是可靠的,对汽车减振器设计和特性分析具有一定应用价值. 相似文献
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以城市居民出行方式选择行为作为研究对象,分析了影响出行方式选择行为的主要因素,利用BP神经网络可以自动获取研究对象的输入、输出间关系和较强的学习训练特性,建立了基于BP神经网络的居民出行方式选择模型,并通过2009年济南市居民出行调查数据对模型进行了实例分析。结果表明:BP神经网络模型能够较好地描述居民出行交通方式选择行为。 相似文献
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冷却系统工作状态如图7~图9所示.
在发动机冷启动时,主水泵是不起作用的,是由增压空气冷却泵V188来产生循环的.V188让冷却液流经低压废气再循环冷却器然后再流经暖风热交换器.回流是经过发动机机油冷却器的,该冷却器在这个时候的液流方向与正常时是相反的.缸盖内的循环可保证缸盖温度不至于达到沸腾. 相似文献
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温度对DPF过滤参数影响的试验研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
柴油机颗粒捕集器(DPF)过滤参数研究对其再生时机的判断具有重要意义。基于外加热源再生台架,研究了过滤参数(压降及其与常温数据的比值、渗透率及其与常温数据的比值)随过滤温度的变化规律,同时考虑了流量和孔隙结构参数变化时的影响。结果表明:过滤温度升高,DPF压降及其比值近似线性增长,渗透率及其比值近似线性减小;线性拟合了压降及其比值、渗透率及其比值随温度的变化曲线,比较发现流量和孔隙结构参数对DPF压降和渗透率都具有一定影响,但对比值的影响较小。 相似文献
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When soot particles are loaded in a diesel particulate filter, it causes increase in back pressure of the exhaust system.
To minimize this pressure drop due to DPF, the filter needs to be regenerated after a certain amount of soot has been accumulated.
It is crucial to estimate the correct amount of soot that has been accumulated by measuring the differential pressure. It
is also important to understand changes in pressure drop due to flow rate variations of the exhaust gas, since the pressure
drop would be influenced by the exhaust flow rate as well as the amount of soot. Furthermore, the heat transfer characteristics
of the catalyzed diesel particulate filter (CDPF) are another major issue, as the filter is occasionally exposed to high temperature
gas. This study presents the characteristics of pressure drop according to the variation of soot loading and the mass flow
rate in CDPF. In addition, heat transfer characteristics in the filter was investigated when a high temperature gas flows
into the CDPF. Tests were performed in several CDPF samples having varying amounts of catalyst coating. Experimental results
indicate that rig-based experiments are useful in understanding the characteristics of pressure drop in the CDPF. In the cake
filtration region, a pressure drop has a proportional relationship according to soot loading and mass flow rate. It was found
that an increased catalyst coating may lead to enhanced convective heat transfer. 相似文献
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气道稳流试验的变压差试验分析 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
用变压差试验方法测量了6108发动机缸盖进气道的流动特性。试验全过程不需要随时调节模拟气缸内的压差为恒定值。确定气门最大升程时模拟气缸内的初始压差后,就可采集试验中的流量和涡流转速等参数。随着气门升程变小,模拟缸内的压差自由增大。试验结果与恒压差试验相同,同样可以得到Ricardo和FEV计算方法的平均流量系数和涡流比。测量精度符合要求,操作程序简单可靠,易于实现气道稳流试验的全自动化。 相似文献
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以某型船用排气消声器为研究对象,为改善流体阻力对船舶柴油机的功率影响及消声器表面热辐射造成的机舱通风的影响,对其单扩张腔消声器的阻力损失与表面温度场进行了详细的分析与研究。利用大型通用CFD流体计算软件对消声器的流体流动与表面温度场进行了分析计算,通过适当改变内部内插管的布置,可有效改善内部紊流流场,降低消声器的流动阻力;通过包覆一定厚度的隔热材料,可有效降低消声器表面温度,降低热辐射。 相似文献
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Gerotor pumps are widely used in the automotive industry for engine oil lubrication, due to their high volumetric efficiency
and smooth pumping action. In many cases, the lubricating oil from the sump is mixed with contaminants, such as dust and tiny
solid particles, or becomes thickened, due to aging. These problems will lead to critical situations, such as increased noise,
enhanced wear and erosion, and poor lubrication of the engine. These critical situations were studied by conducting a detailed
CFD integrated investigation on a gerotor pump’s performance at different operating conditions in three phases, and the results
are presented in this paper. In first phase, a CFD model of a gerotor pump was developed with a dynamic mesh for the rotary
movement of both the inner and outer rotors. The effects on pump flow rate of important parameters, such as rotor speed, fluid
viscosity and number of ports, were simulated using non-contaminated oil at room temperature and an elevated temperature of
140oC. The relationship between flow rate and pressure at different rotor speeds was predicted and validated with test data
for further parametric study. The pressure ripples at different time steps were measured at different angular positions of
the rotors to examine the model accuracy. It was found that the flow rate increased and pressure pulsation, as well as flow
recirculation, was reduced when ports were added to the cover plate. A suction pipe with a strainer was added for the second
phase to capture the undesired changes in flow behavior, such as cavitation, which is caused by negative suction at the inlet
region of pump. A suitable size for the inlet suction pipe for this pump was chosen after performing tests to characterize
the flow behavior with single and double ports. Next, the relationship between pressure drop and strainer porosity was determined
using different porosity values for the strainers. In the final phase, oil with different concentrations of solids was simulated
to measure the effect of solid particles on flow rates and pressure losses. It was observed that the intensity of the recirculation
was reduced at the suction end at the higher concentration of 0.04%, due to particle inertial effects. It was also found that
particle size distribution affected the overall efficiency and pressure head of the pump. 相似文献
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气道性能(涡流强度、流量系数)对发动机的动力性、经济性和排放有重要影响。气道稳流试验台是目前最常用的综合评价进气道流动特性的实验装置,根据测量方法的区别可分为变压差和定压差。其中变压差试验方法相对于传统的定压差试验,具有快捷、高效的特点,减少气道稳流试验中的调整气道压差为恒值的操作程序。本文基于TUST-101气道稳流试验台的实际应用,对比了2种试验方法的差异,并根据实际应用对试验台进行部分改进以提高精度。 相似文献
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In this study, a parallel flow condenser and laminated evaporator for an automotive air-conditioning system were modified
to improve performance. Gas-liquid separation type condensers, in which the condenser and receiver drier are integrated, and
one-tank laminated type evaporators were developed, and their performances were investigated experimentally using HFC-134a.
Heat transfer characteristics in the condenser are examined by means of air temperature, air velocity entering the condenser
and inlet pressure of the refrigerant; heat transfer characteristics in the evaporator are examined by means of air temperature,
relative humidity, flow rate of air, outlet pressure of refrigerant and superheat. Pressure drops for both evaporator and
condenser are also measured, and correlations for pressure drop are derived for the condenser and evaporator, respectively.
Air velocity and mass flow rate of the refrigerant have a significant effect on the overall heat transfer coefficient, and
flow pass is not significantly influenced by the cooling capacity of the condenser. The overall heat transfer coefficient
of the evaporator increases as air flow rate, air temperature and relative humidity increases. 相似文献
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壁流式过滤体的流动阻力分析及再生效率研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
分析了工作中的壁流式过滤体的流动阻力,指出过滤过程中,当小孔壁面上的PM滤饼形成后,排气流经壁流式过滤体时的压力降低主要由过滤体小孔壁面、PM层、入口和出口小孔通道等4处的流动阻力产生,其中前两处的流动阻力起主要作用。给出了过滤体再生效率的两种定义,并分析了其差别,指出对相同结构的过滤体,可以用再生前后排气流经过滤体的压差计算其再生效率;对不同结构的过滤体用该定义评价再生效率时,应考虑由于过滤体自身结构参数的变化引起的再生效率的变化。 相似文献