MARPOL公约经修订的附则Ⅰ"第12A条——燃油舱保护"研究

针对MARPOL公约经修订的附则Ⅰ中即将生效的"第12A条--燃油舱保护"这一新增要求,研究了燃油舱不同尺度和位置的破损概率,绘制了破损概率图谱,并对以表格形式给出的破损概率进行了回归分析,得出了一些实用的结论,为今后提高船舶燃油舱的布置设计水平做了必要的技术储备.     

MARPOL公约经修订的附则I“第12A条——燃油舱保护”研究

针对MARPOL公约经修订的附则I中即将生效的"第12A条——燃油舱保护"这一新增要求,研究了燃油舱不同尺度和位置的破损概率,绘制了破损概率图谱,并对以表格形式给出的破损概率进行了回归分析,得出了一些实用的结论,为今后提高船舶燃油舱的布置设计水平做了必要的技术储备。     

水面舰船破损稳性的概率评估方法

水面舰船生命力的主要影响因素之一是舰船遭遇不同武器破坏下的薄弱性,而薄弱性主要由破损稳性决定。目前,舰船破损稳性评估主要运用确定性方法,但该方法不能全面评估舰船破损稳性。为了更加客观、全面地评估舰船破损稳性,探讨水面舰船破损稳性评估的概率方法,提出变区间线性插值计算残存概率Si的新方法并开发计算程序。以某水面舰船为例,计算各种破损情况的进水概率Pi以及残存概率Si,并累加所有破损情况Pi和Si的乘积,得到分舱指数A。研究表明:通过将分舱指数A作为评估指标并考虑不同武器和碰撞的综合破坏效应,概率方法可以实现水面舰船破损稳性定量且整体的评估,能为舰船初步设计阶段主船体的分舱优化以致提高舰船生命力提供一种解决途径。     

20.6万载重吨散货船燃油储存舱加热系统的优化设计

以市场上主流的20.6万载重吨纽卡斯尔型散货船为例,结合当前该型船采用的燃油储存舱加热系统的设计特点,提出一种新型燃油储存舱加热系统,即燃油转驳加热系统.对该系统的设备构成和工作原理进行阐述,并将其与传统的燃油储存舱加热系统相对比,验证优化设计的有效性.结果表明,采用燃油转驳加热系统不仅能节省燃油储存舱加热设备的初始投...     

舰船发动机燃油电磁阀的自动控制设计

针对当前舰船发动机燃油电磁阀自动控制方法采用模糊PID控制,容易出现工况失稳的问题,提出一种基于自适应反演积分控制的舰船发动机燃油电磁阀自动控制系统设计方法。构造舰船发动机燃油电磁阀控制的约束参量模型,以电磁阀的输出增益、燃油流量以及功率因素等参量为控制自变量,结合反演积分控制律进行控制算法改进。基于DSP进行自动控制系统硬件设计,硬件部分主要包括功率放大模块、自动增益控制模块以及集成信号处理模块。在Visual DSP++4.5平台下进行控制系统实验测试,结果表明,采用该方法进行舰船发动机燃油电磁阀的自动控制的输出稳定性较好,输出增益较大,具有很好的稳健性。     

多元线性回归模型在船舶燃油单耗预测中的应用

根据影响船舶千吨海里燃油消耗量指标的主要因素,采用多元线性回归方法,以海洋干散货船为例,建立船舶燃油单耗多元线性回归模型,通过采集到的大量相关数据,并进行整理、统计回归后,对多元线性回归模型中的参数进行标定,并对标定后的数学模型进行验证,通过该数学模型,可以计算不同船况下船舶的燃油单耗,为预测船舶燃油单耗的发展趋势,挖掘节能潜力提供参考依据。     

基于MARPOL Reg12A燃油舱保护计算的图解分析

通过燃油舱保护计算的图解分析,理清MARPOL Reg12A对燃油舱保护计算的适用范围、基本定义、计算方法、燃油管路、阀件布置和常见问题,基于规范在常规船型上的应用,阐述确定性和概率性两种计算方法,结合文字描述和具体图例,提炼出便于计算的操作流程,使用图解分析法实现燃油舱保护的便捷计算。     

采用封闭式燃油炉灶的船舶厨房空调通风设计

针对船舶厨房中采用的开式燃油炉灶在使用过程中存在熄火的现象,提出采用具有独立进风、排烟系统的封闭式燃油炉灶。通过对采用封闭式燃油炉灶的船舶厨房空调通风设计的探讨,将厨房空调通风系统划分为工作区空调系统,炉灶进风、排烟系统和集气罩风幕系统三个部分,并对工作区全面空调的设计,炉灶进风、排炯的压力匹配和集气罩风幕气流组织形式等问题进行分析。认为与封闭式燃油炉灶相匹配的合理的厨房空调通风设计,能有效保证封闭式燃油炉灶的正常工作,消除开式燃油炉灶所存在的熄火问题。     

船体结构剩余强度评估方法研究

在设计阶段对船体可能发生的破损情况和剩余强度进行分析。根据分析结果优化结构设计,可以有效地提高船舶破损后的生存概率。以某双壳油船为例,采用SMITH法和非线性有限元法,计算破损后船体的剩余承载能力,比较2种计算方法的计算原理和结果。采用规范计算和直接预报的方式对船体破损后的波浪载荷进行预报。采用确定性方法和可靠性方法对破损船船体结构剩余强度进行评估,给出了实际应用中的使用建议。     

一种高性能燃油添加剂的试验研究

首先简述近年来燃油化学添加剂能得到人们注视,并已显示出广阔应用前景的原因,然后分析燃油添加剂的机理和实践,提出了本研究的设计思想,接着,详细介绍了一种高性能燃油化学添加剂的研究方法和过程。该添加剂经过柴油机台架试验、柴油汽车和实船运用试验,结果表明,该添加剂的主要技术指标均已赶上和超过国外同类产品,使用该添加剂可以改善和催化燃油的燃烧,提高燃烧效率,达到节油目的,还可以减少柴油机零部件上的积炭和对零部件的腐蚀,减少零部件的损耗。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。