R1234yf与R134a空调性能实验研究对比分析

为了实现制冷剂环境友好性,本文基于R1234yf与R134a不同的热物性参数基础上,在整车上进行R1234yf与R134a不同制冷剂系统的制冷性能及系统差异性的对比研究。分析R1234yf制冷剂的可替代性,进一步采取有效措施提高其制冷性能。     

Analysis of the performance of the evaporator of automotive air conditioning system

The purpose of this research was to establish a theoretical model for the evaporator of automotive air conditioning system and conducting simulations to evaluate the effect of operation parameters, environmental conditions, and design parameters on the performance of evaporator. An automotive air conditioning system primarily consists of four components: the compressor, the condenser, the refrigerant controller, and the evaporator. The refrigerant flow in the evaporator can be divided into two regions: the evaporating region and the superheat region. The refrigerant in the first region is a two-phase flow, while the refrigerant in the latter region is in the state of superheated vapor. The air flowing through the interior of the evaporator can also be divided into two zones: the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone. Water vapor is condensed in the saturated zone while in the unsaturated zone, no water condenses. Because the refrigerant flow and the airflow are perpendicular to each other, the distribution of refrigerant in the evaporating region and the superheat region does not coincide with the distribution of air in the unsaturated zone and the saturated zone. This study examines the effects of different design parameters, environmental conditions and operating parameters on the cooling capacity and superheat of an air conditioning system. Design parameters include the length of the refrigerant channel, the length of the air channel, and the thickness of the fins. Environmental conditions include the air inlet temperature and absolute humidity. Operation conditions include the refrigerant inlet enthalpy, inlet air flow rate, and refrigerant mass flow rate. Results of simulation demonstrated that fins with 50 micron meters width has the greatest cooling capacity for identical outer dimensions; thicker or thinner fins only decreased cooling capacity. Under different outer dimensions, longer refrigerant tubes and air channels created a greater cooling capacity. However, the increase in cooling capacity becomes less and less if the refrigerant flow was fixed because the heat transfer capability of the gaseous refrigerant was limited. In this study, an increase of 19% in cooling capacity can be reached as the length of refrigerant channels was increased, and the increased length of the air channels can promote the cooling capacity by 22%. Besides, it was found in this study that a decrease in the refrigerant inlet enthalpy, the inlet air flow rate, the air inlet temperature, and the inlet absolute humidity, or an increase in the refrigerant mass flow rate, would extend the superheat region and decrease the refrigerant’s superheat. It was also found that the cooling capacity of air conditioners is extremely sensitive to changes in the refrigerant mass flow rate and the inlet enthalpy, and variations more than 50% were found in the operating ranges examined in this study. However, changes in the inlet temperature, absolute humidity, and inlet air flow rate only resulted in variations between 10% and 20% in the examined ranges of conditions. Finally, a correlation among these variables and the simulated cooling capacity was obtained in this study, enabling the relevant researchers to evaluate automotive air conditioning performance under different environmental conditions and operation parameters more easily.     

电动车热泵空调系统的设计分析

对比分析电动车热泵空调系统同燃油汽车空调系统的区别,比较采用不同制冷剂和压缩机电动车热泵空调系统,提出开发适合我国国情的高效节能电动车热泵空调的设计方法。     

Performance of air conditioners with a gas-liquid separation condenser and one-tank laminated evaporator

In this study, a parallel flow condenser and laminated evaporator for an automotive air-conditioning system were modified to improve performance. Gas-liquid separation type condensers, in which the condenser and receiver drier are integrated, and one-tank laminated type evaporators were developed, and their performances were investigated experimentally using HFC-134a. Heat transfer characteristics in the condenser are examined by means of air temperature, air velocity entering the condenser and inlet pressure of the refrigerant; heat transfer characteristics in the evaporator are examined by means of air temperature, relative humidity, flow rate of air, outlet pressure of refrigerant and superheat. Pressure drops for both evaporator and condenser are also measured, and correlations for pressure drop are derived for the condenser and evaporator, respectively. Air velocity and mass flow rate of the refrigerant have a significant effect on the overall heat transfer coefficient, and flow pass is not significantly influenced by the cooling capacity of the condenser. The overall heat transfer coefficient of the evaporator increases as air flow rate, air temperature and relative humidity increases.     

热带沙漠气候环境汽车空调系统的开发

阐述热带沙漠气候环境下汽车空调制冷性能的研究,对热带沙漠气候环境下整车空调系统的舒适性温度指标进行分析探讨;并以某车型出口迪拜的空调系统改进性开发为实例,从系统架构、性能指标、部件布置和试验验证等方面行介绍。     

基于LIN总线的汽车空调控制系统

主要介绍基于LIN总线的汽车空调控制系统的设计,采用意法半导体的32位ARM Cortex M3内核的STM32系列单片机作为控制器,提出一种LIN总线在现代汽车空调控制系统中的应用方案和设计重点,使汽车空调控制系统达到性能可靠、工作稳定、线束简单、成本低廉的效果。     

HFC1061汽车驾驶室内空调系统的设计

空气调节系统的设计目标就是要使室内空气的温度，湿度和流速等项指标保持在一定的范围内。详细介绍了ＨＦＣ１０６１汽车驾驶室内空调系统的结构和工作原理，通过冷，热负荷的计算，成功地设计了该车的空调系统。     

变排量压缩机汽车空调制冷系统节流元件的配置

对变排量压缩机与定排量压缩机加以比较，在分析变排量压缩机和热力膨胀阀汽车空调制冷系统以及变排量压缩机和节流管理汽车空调制冷系统基础上，提出了变排量压缩机和电子膨胀阀组成的空调制冷系统，并对其系统特征加以分析，提出了其制方案和控制算法。     

二甲醚用作汽车空调制冷剂的实验研究

根据二甲醚的热物理性质对二甲醚的制冷循环性能进行了分析,并在R134 a汽车空调系统上对二甲醚的制冷性能进行了测试。结果表明:由于二甲醚的气相和液相黏度都比较小,使用二甲醚作为制冷剂可以减小系统的阻力,有利于系统制冷性能的提高。二甲醚可以直接灌注式替代R134 a,但会造成蒸发器出口过热度降低,需对膨胀阀弹簧预紧力进行调整,才能充分发挥二甲醚的制冷性能。     

奥拓轿车的空调系统

奥拓轿车是近几年国内出现的新车型，其空调系统设计合理，性能可靠，调温能力强。它的空调系统主要由压缩机，冷凝器，贮液干燥器，膨胀阀，蒸发器等组成，空调系统的控制元件主要有：制冷开关，彭风开关，放大器，高压开关，恒温器和加速断裂开关等，对各部件的结构和功用进行了详细的介绍。     

基于工况双向压力法的商用车空调检漏技术

为解决汽车空调的冷媒泄漏问题,从全系列商用车空调系统的结构和原理研究入手,通过对空调系统的泄漏问题进行调查和分析,建立了空调泄漏失效模式,利用真空度和工况压力差值关系判断空调泄漏质量,探索工况双向压力法空调检漏技术,提高了空调检漏的可靠性、准确率及效率,使空调泄漏的售后赔偿下降60%以上,提升其自身品质质量。     

汽车空调系统浅谈

随着人们对于汽车乘坐舒适性要求的不断提高,汽车空调得到长足发展,本文对汽车空调的定义、发展历程、工作特点做了说明,并按照动力源和结构形式的不同对其进行了分类,最后着重介绍了汽车空调系统组成及工作过程,介绍结构、工作情况时做到图文并茂,条理清晰,通俗易懂。     

基于平行流蒸发器结霜问题的试验研究及解决方案

平行流蒸发器具有紧凑、高效的特点,在汽车空调中使用得越来越多。但其存在冷凝水排放不畅、制冷剂在扁管内分配不均等问题,在高湿情况下易发生结霜现象。本文针对某平行流蒸发器,在不改动空调系统其它部件的前提下,通过调整蒸发器本身结构、温度传感器位置及温度区间,实现了无结霜、出风温度均匀,空调系统性能得以提高。     

匹配不同动力电池的纯电动汽车全生命周期节能减碳评价研究

为评估匹配不同动力电池的纯电动汽车（Battery Electric Vehicle,BEV）全生命周期环境影响,以某款已上市纯电动汽车为研究对象,分别匹配4款常用动力电池,基于GaBi软件搭建生命周期评价模型,对其进行2021年与2030年全生命周期能源消耗与环境排放研究,并选取关键参数因子进行敏感性分析。研究表明,匹配钛酸锂电池的纯电动汽车化石能源消耗（ADP(f)）与全球变暖潜值（Global Warming Potential,GWP）均为最高;纯电动汽车在运行使用阶段与生产制造阶段具有较高的能耗与排放;到2030年,纯电动汽车全生命周期ADP(f)与GWP将显著降低,同时随着电力结构的优化与动力电池充电效率的提升,匹配不同动力电池的整车ADP(f)与GWP也将随之降低。     

平行流冷凝器在大型货车空调中的应用

空调系统是现代货车的重要组成部分,空调系统性能的优劣关系到驾驶安全。平行流冷凝器作为新一代高效冷凝器,具有体积小、结构紧凑、换热效率高等诸多优点,可提高货车空调性能。本文就平行流冷凝器在大型货车上的应用进行了分析,总结出：在货车上应用平行流冷凝器不仅投资可减少,还可以降低油耗和变暖总当量（TEWI）,节能和环保效果较好...     

THRO1a制冷剂在汽车空调中替代R12的研究

THRO1a制冷剂是一种绿色环保型产品，从制冷剂性质要求方面分析了THRO1a替代R12的可行性。通过对比试验可看出，在不对汽车空调系统做任何改动的情况下，用THRO1a替代R12，制冷能力与原R12系统相当。实车替代对比试验证明，THRO1a替代R12后，在制冷效果方面基本相同或略有改善。     

空调系统波纹管式温控器改装电路设计

在汽车空调电路控制系统中,电子温控器在反应速度和控制精度,以及经济性、可靠性方面有着波纹管式温控器所不可比拟的特点。本文从这个着眼点出发,进行了电子温控器取代波纹管式温控器空调系统压缩机的控制电路设计。     

汽车空调系统与发动机冷却系统的耦合分析

建立汽车空调系统与发动机冷却系统数学模型,对两系统进行耦合计算,与实验结果对比表明:仿真与实验结果吻合较好,能够满足工程设计的需要。     

某轻型客车采暖的理论分析与试验

为适应客户不断提高的乘坐舒适性,汽车空调设计开发也在不断提高自身水平,以满足市场需要。原有的空调设计、试验、整改、再验证的手段已经逐渐不能适应产品开发周期。空调的设计开发需要依靠一定的理论计算,为系统匹配、及整改方案提供理论依据。本文通过使用建立的理论分析模型,定性的、定量的对某轻型客车采暖性能问题进行分析,并提出整改验证,试验证明本文的理论分析模型方向是正确的。     

制冷剂/压缩机油与PA6的相容性研究

采用红外光谱分析和热重分析研究了不同规格PA6(聚酰胺6或尼龙6)的区别,不同规格PA6的红外谱图有细微区别,PA6在350℃之前的热失重量不同,可见其增塑剂等小分子的含量不同,这不但影响PA6的耐热老化性能,还会明显影响PA6的挤出工艺和使用性能.通过PA6在制冷剂、压缩机油、制冷剂/压缩机油等介质中的热老化测试和测...