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埋地钢管外防腐层破损检测中的电位梯度法 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
简述了埋地钢质管道外防腐层破损检测中的电位梯度法(包括直流和交流电位梯度法)原理,着重阐述了几种实际应用仪器及现场可能遇到的相关问题分析,最后对该方法的优缺点作了分析,认为该方法是当前埋地钢管外防腐层破损检测技术中最精确高效的。 相似文献
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检查片是评价埋地管道阴极保护有效性的传统工具。近年有新的发展,如:2004年ANSI和NACE颁布改进的阴极保护检查片实施标准,增加检查片和管道间电偶电流、试片断电电位等现场测试,以提高试验的信息量。为此,开发了新的测量仪器,并在上海至银川的西气东输管道2000km沿线检查片埋设现场,进行了新仪器的测试,检测了管道和试片的直流及交流电位、试片断电电位和管道与检查片间电偶电流等大量参数。针对现场发现的电偶电流周期波动现象,经验证是环境交流干扰造成的,并讨论了交流干扰对管地电位和电偶电流的影响规律,为现场测量数据提供分析依据。 相似文献
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油田埋地管道防腐层破损点检测及影响因素 总被引:2,自引:1,他引:2
简要阐述了埋地管道防腐层破损点的检测原理,并通过现场检测实例,总结出了影响防腐层破损点检测的几个主要因素,同时提供了解决方法,以提高防腐层破损点的检测准确率. 相似文献
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通过比较各种长输管道外防腐层检测技术,得出PCM+(多频管中电流法)的优越性,同时介绍了PCM+检测技术原理,详细分析了PCM+在长输管道外防腐层检测中破损点严重程度评定和定位技术,及在管道整体外防腐层等级综合评价中的应用,在实际检验中得出破损点性质判定规律及如何根据信号图来判断缺陷方法。文中得出一些规律有利于提高PCM+在长输管道外防腐层检测中的缺陷检测率和准确率。 相似文献
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文中介绍了密间隔电位(CIPS)检测技术及其原理,分析了直流杂散电流及其对埋地钢质燃气管道的腐蚀机理,利用密间隔电位检测技术对某段埋地钢质燃气管道进行了检测与数据分析,评价了该段埋地钢质燃气管道附近杂散电流对埋地钢质燃气管道的影响,为相关燃气管道的检测提供了参考案例。 相似文献
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河南油田下二门矿交联聚合物驱体系地面系统的腐蚀情况比较严重,通过一系列的挂片试验分析得知,导致腐蚀产生的主要原因为焊缝腐蚀及交联剂本身的酸性腐蚀。采取的防腐措施为在地面注入系统,对交联剂罐及DN50以上管线采用T09—17涂层进行内防腐;对DN50以下管线采用铝塑复合管或工程塑料(ABS)管等。 相似文献
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Timothy J. O'Leary 《运输规划与技术》2013,36(2):101-115
A simulation modeling approach has been developed to analyze a complex traffic weaving problem. It is presented, discussed, and demonstrated on an actual dual purpose weaving area that is closely followed by an entrance‐exit junction. Specifically, the model identifies problem areas in the system, assists the traffic engineer in the formulation of feasible solution strategies, and analyzes the effectiveness of alternative strategies. The simulation model is not presented as a panacea to weaving analysis rather as an interesting and unique approach that has the potential to analyze a wide variety of weaving patterns. The primary conclusion of the paper is that the model can be a valuable tool for analysis of certain types of traffic congestion problems. 相似文献
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Public transit systems with high occupancy can reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions relative to low-occupancy transportation modes, but current transit systems have not been designed to reduce environmental impacts. This motivates the study of the benefits of design and operational approaches for reducing the environmental impacts of transit systems. For example, transit agencies may replace level-of-service (LOS) by vehicle miles traveled (VMT) as a criterion in evaluating design and operational changes. In previous work, we explored the unintended consequences of lowering transit LOS on emissions in a single-technology transit system. Herein, we extend the analysis to account for a more realistic case: a transit system with a hierarchical structure (trunk and feeder lines) providing service to a city where demand is elastic. By considering the interactions between the trunk and the feeder systems, we provide a quantitative basis for designing and operating integrated urban transit systems that can reduce GHG emissions and societal costs. We find that highly elastic transit demand may cancel emission reduction potentials resulting from lowering LOS, due to demand shifts to lower occupancy vehicles. However, for mass transit modes, these potentials are still significant. Transit networks with buses, bus rapid transit or light rail as trunk modes should be designed and operated near the cost-optimal point when the demand is highly elastic, while this is not required for metro. We find that the potential for unintended consequences increases with the size of the city. Our results are robust to uncertainties in the costs and emissions parameters. 相似文献
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基于广泛应用的深井阳极技术,指出了研究阴极保护电位分布规律的重要性。针对以往深井阳极对储罐底板阴极保护数值模拟存在的影响(金属构件极化曲线试验限定条件不同导致电位计算系统误差;没有考虑计算区域环境介质的不连续性),提出一种根据典型电流密度分布假设求解保护电位的方法,选取2个典型的深井阳极对储罐底板阴极保护工程示例,验证了数值方法的可靠性。针对新建储罐底板阴极保护工程,该方法对于合理设计深井阳极具有借鉴意义。 相似文献
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Sheldon H. Jacobson Douglas M. King 《Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment》2009,14(1):14-21
Ridesharing can reduce the fuel consumed in noncommercial passenger highway vehicles by grouping individuals into fewer vehicles and reducing the number of miles that vehicles must travel. We estimate the potential fuel savings that could result from an increase in ridesharing in the US. If no additional travel is required to pick up passengers, adding one additional passenger for every 100 vehicles would reduce annual fuel consumption by 0.80–0.82 billion gallons of gasoline per year; if one passenger were added in every 10 vehicles, the potential savings would be 7.54–7.74 billion gallons per year. However, ridesharing may require extra travel to pick up additional passengers, which can reduce and possibly eliminate potential fuel savings. The tradeoff between saving fuel and spending time to pick up additional passengers is investigated, finding that, on average, ridesharing may not be attractive to travelers, but can be made more attractive by increasing per-vehicle-trip costs such as parking and tolls. 相似文献