基于遗传算法的半主动悬架模糊PID控制研究

为进一步满足汽车乘坐舒适性的要求,设计了一种半主动悬架的模糊PID控制器,并利用遗传算法来优化模糊控制器的量化因子和PID整定公式的比例因子,通过模糊推理方法求解PID参数的调整系数,以实现半主动悬架控制.对某轿车整车动力学模型进行仿真分析的结果表明:该模糊PID控制能有效提高车辆的乘坐舒适性和操纵稳定性.     

新型电动静液作动器主动悬架模糊PID控制

为采用新型电动静液作动器的主动悬架设计了一种模糊PID控制器,把悬挂质量相对于静平衡位置的位移(即动挠度)及其变化率作为模糊控制器的输入,PID控制器的3个参数作为模糊控制器的输出.不同频率激励路面的试验数据表明,采用模糊PID控制的主动悬架能适应不同频率路面状况,有效降低车体垂向加速度和悬架动挠度,从而提高了汽车的乘坐舒适性和操纵稳定性.     

转向工况下汽车半主动悬架模糊PID控制

根据汽车系统动力学原理及牛顿力学定律建立了转向工况下的半主动悬架整车数学模型,并将模糊规则控制与传统PID控制相结合,设计了基于可调阻尼减振器的汽车半主动悬架模糊PID控制器.运用Matlab7.0/Simulink6.0软件对此控制系统进行了仿真计算,结果表明,该控制器有效改善了汽车在转向工况下的动态性能,保持了良好的车身姿态,提高了乘坐舒适性.     

1／2汽车半主动悬架模糊PID控制器设计与仿真

建立了1／2车体四自由度液压半主动悬架模型及动力学模型,设计了用于该半主动悬架的模糊控制器,并进行了仿真分析。仿真结果表明,具有此模糊控制器的半主动悬架在提高车辆乘坐舒适性和操纵稳定性方面明显优于被动悬架。     

半主动悬架的滑模变结构控制

针对带有电流变液智能阻尼器的半主动汽车悬架模型,运用滑模变结构方法设计了半主动悬架滑模控制器。根据滑模运动方程稳定的Hurwitz判据选择滑模面系数,用指数趋近率改善滑模运动段的动态品质并进一步确定了半主动悬架的实时控制阻尼力。对多种激励信号下隔振质量的响应及半主动悬架系统在系统参数摄动下的鲁棒特性进行了仿真分析。结果表明:变结构控制下半主动悬架系统的隔振效果要远好于最优被动系统,而且对外界扰动有一定的适应性,对系统参数摄动也具有很强的鲁棒性。     

半主动悬架模糊PID混合控制及时滞分析

半主动悬架较被动悬架，在乘坐舒适性、操纵稳定性方面均有较大提高，同时与主动悬架相比具有性价比高、耗能小等优点，所以半主动悬架成为近年来汽车底盘研究的热点。本文基于车辆4自由度1／2半主动悬架模型，提出了模糊PID混合控制算法，并基于该算法对半主动悬架进行控制，且对半主动悬架系统的时滞问题做了定量分析。仿真结果表明，模糊PID混合控制的半主动悬架在车身加速度、车身俯仰角加速度、前后悬架动挠度、前后轮胎动载荷、前后簧载质量加速度等在时域和频域中均有所改善，且一定量的时滞对该算法亦影响较小。这对半主动悬架控制算法的研究和半主动悬架的开发具有较大参考价值。     

模糊控制在半主动悬架系统中的应用研究

用模糊控制的方法实现对半主动悬架系统的控制,可以避免建模中遇到的许多困难,取得较好的控制效果。文中简要介绍了两种典型的模糊控制方法,提出了一种基于信号主频分析的控制方法,通过对系统参数的检测以及对主频特性的分析,对模糊控制器进行调整,从而控制电流变液智能阻尼器。最后还用仿真试验对减振效果进行了验证。     

汽车主动悬架系统的自适应模糊控制方法

本文提出了一种汽车主动悬架系统的自适应模糊控制方法，该模糊控制方法可以有线自适应调整模糊控制的有关参数。1/4车辆模型作为系统仿真对象，模糊逻辑控制器可以显著发减小车辆的振动及干扰，提高车辆受路面激励时车辆的舒适性。仿真结果清楚地表明该模糊控制方法的有效性。另外，当主动悬架系统模型参数发生变化时该模糊控制器表现出良好的鲁棒性。     

整车磁流变减振器半主动悬架模糊滑模控制研究

针对八自由度整车悬架模型,以改进天棚阻尼系统为参考模型,运用模糊滑模控制方法设计了半主动整车悬架的模糊滑模控制器;将滑模切换函数及其导数进行滑模控制量划分,形成二维模糊控制规则表,以此来提高系统控制的灵敏度,并降低系统的抖振;将整车分块成四部分,对每个版块进行独立控制,使系统具有滑模特点同时也能克服抖振,最后利用李亚普诺夫方法来保证系统的稳定性。仿真结果表明,模糊滑模控制整车半主动悬架的减振效果优于被动控制和PID控制的悬架,且具有很好的稳定性。     

基于轴距预瞄的半主动悬架模糊神经网络控制

应用模糊控制和神经网络控制理论,构建了1/2车辆的半主动悬架模型,设计了基于轴距预瞄的半主动悬架模糊神经网络控制系统.对前轮半主动悬架采用以对应处车身垂向加速度为目标的模糊控制,对后轮半主动悬架采用轴距预瞄模糊控制,并利用神经网络来调整模糊控制器的控制规则和隶属度函数.在不同车速下对所建的控制系统分别进行了白噪声和路面脉冲输入的仿真.结果表明,与传统的被动系统相比,轴距预瞄模糊神经网络控制的半主动悬架系统能有效降低车辆振动;与模糊控制的半主动悬架系统相比,质心垂向加速度和后轮对应处车身加速度均有显著减小,较好地改善了车辆的行驶平顺性.     

考虑发动机与人椅系统的液压半主动悬架振动控制研究

在研究1/2车辆模糊控制半主动悬架的基础上,加入了发动机和人椅系统等因素,建立了"车椅人"1/4车体4自由度车辆动力学模型,设计了用于该车体的参数自整定的模糊PID控制器,并应用MATLAB/SIMULINK软件进行了仿真研究.结果表明,高频恒定的发动机激励对座椅加速度影响较小,模糊PID控制器比模糊控制器具有更强的自...     

基于磁流变阻尼器的发动机振动模糊PID控制

在对发动机激振力及动力学模型分析的基础上,提出一种模糊PID控制方法,设计出了基于磁流变阻尼器的发动机振动控制的半主动模糊PID控制器,并运用MATLAB/Simulink对隔振控制系统进行了对比仿真.仿真结果显示,与橡胶隔振垫和PID控制相比,采用模糊PID控制的磁流变阻尼器的发动机有更明显的隔振效果,表明了磁流变阻尼器在汽车发动机上运用的可行性.     

一种引入行驶状态识别的半主动悬架PID控制修正算法

基于车辆不同行驶状态（路面不平度和车速）下悬挂质量垂向加速度和悬架动挠度响应不相同的客观事实,针对半主动悬架PID控制器无自适应能力的局限,以悬挂质量垂向加速度和悬架动挠度响应作为车辆行驶状态的识别判据．建立起一种引入行驶状态识别的半主动悬架PID控制修正算法,进而以某型轿车为对象,采用MATLAB／Simulink建立起半主动悬架PID控制的仿真模型,针对不同行驶状态计算出PID控制算法修正前、后的车辆平顺性响应并加以对比,表明所提出的PID控制修正算法是有效的。     

Semi-active suspension systems for railway vehicles using magnetorheological dampers. Part I: system integration and modelling

In this paper, it is aimed to investigate semi-active suspension systems using magnetorheological (MR) fluid dampers for improving the ride quality of railway vehicles. A 17-degree-of-freedom (DOF) model of a full-scale railway vehicle integrated with the semi-active controlled MR fluid dampers in its secondary suspension system is proposed to cope with the lateral, yaw, and roll motions of the car body, trucks, and wheelsets. The governing equations combining the dynamics of the railway vehicle integrated with MR dampers in the suspension system and the dynamics of the rail track irregularities are developed and a linear quadratic Gaussian (LQG) control law using the acceleration feedback is adopted, in which the state variables are estimated from the measurable accelerations with a Kalman estimator. In order to evaluate the performances of the semi-active suspension systems based on MR dampers for railway vehicles, the random and periodical track irregularities are modelled with a uniform state-space formulation according to the testing data and incorporated into the governing equation of the railway vehicle integrated with the semi-active suspension system. Utilising the governing equations and the semi-active controller developed in this paper, the simulation and analysis are presented in Part II of this paper.     

Semi-active H∞ control of high-speed railway vehicle suspension with magnetorheological dampers

In this paper, semi-active H∞ control with magnetorheological (MR) dampers for railway vehicle suspension systems to improve the lateral ride quality is investigated. The proposed semi-active controller is composed of a H∞ controller as the system controller and an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) inverse MR damper model as the damper controller. First, a 17-degree-of-freedom model for a full-scale railway vehicle is developed and the random track irregularities are modelled. Then a modified Bouc–Wen model is built to characterise the forward dynamic characteristics of the MR damper and an inverse MR damper model is built with the ANFIS technique. Furthermore, a H∞ controller composed of a yaw motion controller and a rolling pendulum motion (lateral motion+roll motion) controller is established. By integrating the H∞ controller with the ANFIS inverse model, a semi-active H∞ controller for the railway vehicle is finally proposed. Simulation results indicate that the proposed semi-active suspension system possesses better attenuation ability for the vibrations of the car body than the passive suspension system.     

基于磁流变阻尼器的半主动车辆座椅悬架模糊控制研究

设计基于磁流变阻尼器的半主动车辆座椅悬架系统的模糊控制器。用ADAMS对系统建立三维多刚体动力学模型,用MATLAB设计系统模糊控制器,并联合两者对整个系统进行仿真。仿真和台架试验结果表明,模糊控制策略能使该系统较好抑制垂直振动加速度,提高乘坐的舒适性。     

汽车半主动悬架的模型参考自适应控制

在1／4车辆动力学模型的基础上，基于李雅普诺夫稳定性理论，以天棚阻尼半主动悬架为参考模型，设计了半主动悬架模型参考自适应控制器。自适应控制器包括可调前置控制器和状态反馈控制器两个部分。推导了自适应控制律与相应的约束条件。仿真结果表明：该控制器对于模型参数的不确定性具有良好的鲁棒特性。自适应控制器不仅明显降低了车身加速度，提高了平顺性，同时也使汽车的行驶安全性获得了改善，悬架动变形稍有增大。     

Inverse neuro-fuzzy MR damper model and its application in vibration control of vehicle suspension system

In this paper, a magneto-rheological (MR) damper-based semi-active controller for vehicle suspension is developed. This system consists of a linear quadratic Gauss (LQG) controller as the system controller and an adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference system (ANFIS) inverse model as the damper controller. First, a modified Bouc–Wen model is proposed to characterise the forward dynamic characteristics of the MR damper based on the experimental data. Then, an inverse MR damper model is built using ANFIS technique to determine the input current so as to gain the desired damping force. Finally, a quarter-car suspension model together with the MR damper is set up, and a semi-active controller composed of the LQG controller and the ANFIS inverse model is designed. Simulation results demonstrate that the desired force can be accurately tracked using the ANFIS technique and the semi-active controller can achieve competitive performance as that of active suspension.     

Generalized magnetorheological (MR) damper model and its application in semi-active control of vehicle suspension system

In this paper, analytical characterization of the magneto-rheological (MR) damper is done using a new modified algebraic model. Algebraic model is also more preferable because of its low computational expenses compared to differential Bouc-Wen’s model which is highly computationally demanding. This model along with the obtained model parameters is used as a semi-active suspension device in a quarter car model and the stationary response of the vehicle traversing on a rough road is obtained. The control part consists of two nested controllers. One of them is the system controller which generates the desired damping force and the other is the damper controller which adjusts the voltage level to MR damper so as to track the desired damping force. For the system controller a model reference skyhook Sliding Mode Controller (SMC) is used and for the damper controller a continuous state algorithm is built to determine the input voltage so as to gain the desired damping force. The analytical model is subsequently used in the quarter car vehicle model and the vehicular responses are studied. A simulation study is performed to prove the effectiveness and robustness of the semi-active control approach. Results show that the semi-active controller can achieve compatible performance as that of active suspension controller except for a little deterioration.