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为了提升城市道路阻车桩养护维修工程质量,充分发挥阻车桩的城市交通管理效能,科学合理确定阻车桩养护造价水平,对北京市城市道路阻车桩的建设和管养情况开展了调研和实地测算研究.研究内容全面梳理了阻车桩的建设技术要点和管养现状,并进行了需求性分析,总结了标准化养护维修工艺流程,结合实地测算法确定了养护维修人材机的消耗量,编制了石球阻车桩维修(无基础)、石球阻车桩维修(有基础)、石柱阻车桩维修、不锈钢及铸铁阻车桩维修等4个定额项目.研究结果基本满足城市道路阻车桩养护工程的造价分析需求,可以为国内城市道路阻车桩养护维修造价管理提供参考. 相似文献
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当前缺乏对世界车文化发展历史过程的全面研究。针对该课题,文章从车文化的基本概念切入,从文化人类学的角度阐述了车文化的内涵并运用历史研究法,分别从车的物质文化、制度文化和精神文化3个层次,论述了车文化的发展历程;展望了当代车文化的发展趋势。 相似文献
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今年3月伊始,一则消息在武汉渣土车企业中不胫而走:武汉市将要对渣土车实施新一轮整顿,要求全市已改装的渣土车还原本来的容量。据武汉市渣土办透露,4月中旬全市将完成渣土车的整改。如今,整改时间已过大半,武汉渣土车现状如何?新型渣土车在武汉推广有何难度?近日本刊记者就上述问题走访了武汉市施工渣土砂石运输行业协会及部分渣土车企业。多部门政令不统一武汉渣土车拆装加高栏板年花上千万"武汉渣土车整治已经有4个月了,虽然很大一部分企业都完成了整改,但是新政并没有解决武汉市渣土车固有的顽疾, 相似文献
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提到专用汽车人们首先想到的就是油罐车、救护车、混凝土搅拌车、箱式运输车、警车、洒水车等这些常见的专用车,但随着科技的迅猛发展,越来越多的高科技设备被安装到了车上,成为了新型的专用车,如生活保障车、应急通信指挥车、卫星转播车、水炮车、食品检测车、水质、大气监测车、口腔流动检查车、X光安检车、先心病筛查车、妇幼保健车、流动眼科保健车、地震救援车、宠物洗浴车等,现对其中的几种车型进行设计说明。 相似文献
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当前我们还缺乏对中国车文化发展历史过程的全面研究.针对该课题,本文从车文化的基本概念切入,从文化人类学的角度阐述了车文化的内涵;运用历史研究法,分别从车的物质文化、制度文化和精神文化三个层次,论述了中国车文化的发展历程,展望了当代车文化的发展趋势. 相似文献
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《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2012,50(4):573-596
An existing driver–vehicle model with neuromuscular dynamics is improved in the areas of cognitive delay, intrinsic muscle dynamics and alpha–gamma co-activation. The model is used to investigate the influence of steering torque feedback and neuromuscular dynamics on the vehicle response to lateral force disturbances. When steering torque feedback is present, it is found that the longitudinal position of the lateral disturbance has a significant influence on whether the driver’s reflex response reinforces or attenuates the effect of the disturbance. The response to angle and torque overlay inputs to the steering system is also investigated. The presence of the steering torque feedback reduced the disturbing effect of torque overlay and angle overlay inputs. Reflex action reduced the disturbing effect of a torque overlay input, but increased the disturbing effect of an angle overlay input. Experiments on a driving simulator showed that measured handwheel angle response to an angle overlay input was consistent with the response predicted by the model with reflex action. However, there was significant intra- and inter-subject variability. The results highlight the significance of a driver’s neuromuscular dynamics in determining the vehicle response to disturbances. 相似文献
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预应力曲线箱梁和异形箱梁的研究 总被引:7,自引:0,他引:7
近年来 ,国内外学者对曲线箱梁和异形箱梁的静力分析理论和计算方法作过大量的研究 ,但这些理论和方法在某种程度上都存在着一定的局限性 ,特别是在实际设计工作中 ,运用起来不能得心应手。为此本文在综合前人已取得经验下 ,针对桥梁结构设计中分析曲线箱梁、异形箱梁 ,经常遇到的难题进行了研究 ,建立一个较为完善的理论和方法 ,编制了等参元空间分析程序。在实际工程中进行实桥试验 ,验证了本文理论和方法的正确性。本文的研究工作更准确描述了箱梁的荷载响应 ,为设计人员提供直观的设计依据。对曲线箱梁和异形箱梁受力特性有了更一步的理解 ,并提出了新的见解 相似文献
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If a vehicle that meets emission regulations operates sufficiently for a long time under low speed and low load conditions,
soot contained in the exhaust gas is accumulated on the inner surface of the exhaust system. This soot deposition problem
occurs frequently in all diesel cars. However, when a vehicle is placed under the conditions of sudden start and sudden acceleration
after city mode driving for a long time, the deposited soot is abruptly blown up with the soot produced during fuel combustion.
In the present study, the main cause of the abrupt outburst of deposited soot is investigated to overcome this adverse phenomenon.
First, we developed a method to quantify the amount of the exhausted soot particles (or the accumulated soot particles) by
measuring the opacity that represents the contamination level of the exhaust gas due to soot particles. Using this measuring
scheme for deposited soot, we found the critical conditions for engine speeds and load conditions at which soot particles
are emitted into the air without accumulation in the exhaust system using main muffler composed of three chambers. In order
to meet these critical conditions and thus to drastically reduce soot accumulation, the exhaust system using the main muffler
applied in this study must be designed to ensure that the flow velocity of the exhaust gas is higher than 62 m/s when the
back pressure at the exit of the turbocharger is under 0.08 bars. 相似文献
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该文从研究超薄磨耗层的级配的选择入手,简单分析了超薄磨耗层的结构特点和强度形成机理,给出了几种国内外常用的超薄磨耗层级配范围,并提出了将SAC-10做为其研究的设计级配。在研究超薄磨耗层沥青混合料配合比设计的基础上,通过对SAC-10沥青混合料的马歇尔试验,确定了该沥青混合料的矿料级配和最佳沥青含量。最后采用车辙试验、浸水马歇尔和冻融劈裂试验及小梁弯曲试验等一系列试验,检测超薄磨耗层沥青混合料的各项路用性能,为在实际工程中的应用提供理论依据。 相似文献
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农村公路在建设中和投入使用后,要承受车辆荷载、自然因素的影响。为了充分保证使用性能,必须在建设中和建成后确保其自身的质量,以更好地服务于广大群众。该文对农村公路建养的管理措施及有关注意事项进行了阐述,可供专业人员参考。 相似文献
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The sub-chamber type gasoline engine was suggested to be a type of clean engine, but the presence of residual gas in the sub-chamber
was a serious fault. In this experimental study, the CNG direct injection method was applied to scavenge residual gas from
the sub-chamber. The CVC (constant volume chamber) is divided into the sub-chamber and main-chamber and used as the main experimental
apparatus. Because each combustion chamber of the CVC has an injector, the injector can be used freely, at the same time or
individually. Therefore, the scavenging efficiency can be improved by changing injection times for the sub-chamber. The experimental
results demonstrated that when all the fuel was injected into the sub-chamber, the combustion duration was shortened by 30%
compared to that of injection into the main-chamber. Although residual gas was observed in the CVC, when the frequency of
injections into the sub-chamber increased, good combustion characteristics were obtained. 相似文献