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为了研究辅助燃料对柴油机起动工况着火及排放的影响规律,在柴油机起动过程中,向进气道内分别喷射不同浓度的乙醚和C3H8进行了试验。试验结果表明:辅助喷射适当种类的燃料,可实现诱导、促进着火并改善燃烧的目的。辅助燃料除应具备良好的挥发性外,其着火性也是改善起动性能的重要因素。进气道喷射C3H8会抑制起动着火性,随喷射浓度的增加,燃烧恶化,HC排放升高;喷射适量浓度乙醚,可以促进起动过程着火,完全消除起动工况失火和不完全燃烧循环,在降低HC排放的同时,减少PM排放50%以上。 相似文献
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利用1台小型车载式电解水H2‐O2发生器,将产生的微量H2和O2分别引入1台HC4132柴油机进气管中参与燃烧,对进气预混合 H2‐O2前后柴油机不同工况下当量空燃比、动力性、热效率及排放特性进行了对比试验。研究结果表明,进气预混合H2‐O2在柴油燃烧过程中的协同作用使得柴油机表现出良好的综合性能。外特性工况输出扭矩最大增加4.2%,炭烟、HC及CO排放最大降低幅度分别为25.71%,16.79%和11.64%;负荷特性测试中保持进气预混合H2‐O2前后输出扭矩不变,1100r/min时热效率最大提高3.81%,HC排放降低10.81%,炭烟排放降低28.33%,NOx排放略有增加。 相似文献
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燃料喷射率对直喷式柴油机燃烧和排放的影响 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
燃料喷射率分布是降低直喷式柴油机有害物排放的重要因素。文中通过试验研究。阐述引燃喷射和喷射率对直喷式柴油机燃烧与排放的影响。说明抑制初期燃油喷射率和提高后期燃油喷射率是降低NOx及烟尘排放的重要途径。 相似文献
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《车用发动机》2020,(2)
为了提高柴油机低温起动速度和平稳性,在减小起动喷油量及增加起动阻力矩条件下,向柴油机进气道内预喷不同量的乙醚,研究乙醚助燃对柴油机起动循环数和燃烧排放特性的影响。结果表明:在标定油量下,进气道预喷少量助燃乙醚对起动循环数没有明显影响,但起动过程最高缸压及最大压力升高率显著增大;预喷助燃乙醚并减小起动喷油量能有效改善柴油机的起动粗暴性;减少起动喷油量并增加起动阻力矩时,在进气道预喷占起动初始循环油量热值20%的乙醚,能有效加快起动过程,将起动时间提前3~5个循环;进气道预喷乙醚后燃烧放热提前,放热率峰值减小,压力升高率降低,起动燃烧过程更加平稳,但会导致起动过程HC和CO排放增多。 相似文献
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U. Egüz N. C. J. Maes C. A. J. Leermakers L. M. T. Somers L. P. H. De Goey 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2013,14(5):693-699
The objective of new combustion concepts is to meet emission standards by improving fuel air mixing prior to ignition. Since there is no overlap between injection and ignition, combustion is governed mainly by chemical kinetics and it is challenging to control the phasing of ignition. Reactivity Controlled Compression Ignition (RCCI) combustion aims to control combustion phasing by altering the fuel ratios of the high- and low octane fuel and injection timings. In this study the dual fuel blend is prepared with gasoline and diesel fuels. The applied injection timings of the diesel are very early (90 to 60° CA bTDC). In the detailed reaction mechanism, n-heptane and iso-octane represent diesel and gasoline fuel, respectively. A multi-zone model approach is implemented to perform RCCI combustion simulation. Ignition characteristics are analyzed by using CA50 as the main parameter. In the experiments for the early direct injection (DI) timing advancing the injection time results in a later ignition. Qualitatively, the trend effect of the diesel injection timing and the effect of the ratio gasoline/diesel are captured accurately by the multi-zone model. 相似文献
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《JSAE Review》2002,23(3):297-302
In recent DI diesel engines designed to achieve high output and meet future exhaust regulation, the pilot injection control using a common-rail injection system is adopted. In this research, we developed visualization equipment for pilot combustion behavior of non-luminous flame to clarify the influence of pilot injection parameters (timing and quantity) on engine performance. As a result of this analysis, we clarified the influence of pilot injection parameters on pilot-main combustion and found the optimum pilot injection controlling method. 相似文献
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J. H. Jeong D. W. Jung O. T. Lim Y. D. Pyo Y. J. Lee 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2014,15(6):861-869
This work experimentally investigates how the dwell time between pilot injection and main injection influences combustion and emissions characteristics (NOx, CO, THC and smoke) in a single-cylinder DI diesel engine. The experiments were conducted using two fuel injection systems according to the fuel type, diesel or dimethyl ether (DME), due to the different fuel characteristics. The injection strategy is accomplished by varying the dwell time (10°CA, 16°CA and 22°CA) between injections at five main injection timings (?4°CA aTDC, ?2°CA aTDC, 0°CA aTDC, 2°CA aTDC and 4°CA aTDC). Results from pilot-main injection conditions are compared with those shown in single injection conditions to better demonstrate the potential of pilot injection. It was found that pilot injection is highly effective for lowering heat-release rates with smooth pressure traces regardless of the fuel type. Pilot injection also offers high potential to maintain or increase the BMEP; even the combustion-timing is retarded to suppress the NOx emission formation. Overall, NOx emission formation was suppressed more by the combustion phasing retard effect, and not the pilot injection effect considered in this study. Comparison of the emissions for different fuel types shows that CO and HC emissions have low values below 100 ppm for DME operation in both single injection and pilot-main injection. However, NOx emission is slightly higher in the earlier main injection timings (?4°CA aTDC, ?2°CA aTDC) than diesel injections. Pilot injection was found to be more effective with DME for reducing the amount of NOx emission with combustion retardation, which indicates a level of NOx emission similar to that of diesel. Although the diesel pilot-main injection conditions show higher smoke emission than single-injection condition, DME has little smoke emission regardless of injection strategy. 相似文献
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C. W. Park H. C. Oh S. D. Kim H. S. Kim S. Y. Lee C. S. Bae 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2014,15(4):525-533
To comply with reinforced emission regulations for harmful exhaust gases, including carbon dioxide (CO2) emitted as a greenhouse gas, improved technologies for reducing CO2 and fuel consumption are being developed. Stable lean combustion, which has the advantage of improved fuel economy and reduced emission levels, can be achieved using a sprayguided-type direct-injection (DI) combustion system. The system comprises a centrally mounted injector and closely positioned spark plugs, which ensure the combustion reliability of a stratified mixture under ultra-lean conditions. The aim of this study is to investigate the combustion and emission characteristics of a lean-burn gasoline DI engine. At an excess air ratio of 4.0, approximately 23% improvement in fuel economy was achieved through optimal event timing, which was delayed for injection and advanced for ignition, compared to that under stoichiometric conditions, while NOx and HC emissions increased. The combustion characteristics of a stratified mixture in a spray-guided-type DI system were similar to those in DI diesel engines, resulting in smoke generation and difficulty in three-way catalystutilization. Although a different operating strategy might decrease fuel consumption, it will not be helpful in reducing NOx and smoke emissions; therefore, alternatives should be pursued to achieve compliance with emission regulations. 相似文献
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柴油微引燃乙醇发动机采用进气道喷射乙醇、缸内直喷微量柴油引燃的方式进行燃料供给。基于单缸四冲程柴油机,对其燃烧、性能及排放特性进行研究,固定引燃柴油喷射量为发动机能实现压燃着火的最小值,在进气压力为0.15 MPa时比较不同乙醇喷射量的工况组,通过改变柴油喷射时刻进行工况扫描。结果表明,引燃柴油的喷射时刻对发动机的燃烧、性能和排放影响显著。柴油微引燃乙醇发动机在中高负荷能够稳定运行,指示热效率可达34%以上,通过适当调节柴油喷射时刻,可以有效控制未燃碳氢(UHC)、NO_x与CO排放,同时可以实现极低的炭烟排放。柴油微引燃乙醇发动机燃烧模式为预混合或部分预混合燃烧,燃烧有两阶段放热特征,改变引燃柴油喷射时刻,可以有效控制燃烧相位。 相似文献
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F. Payri A. J. Torregrosa A. Broatch L. Monelletta 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2009,10(6):761-769
Combustion noise in passenger cars powered with direct injection (DI) diesel engines is frequently the main reason why end-users
are reluctant to drive this type of vehicle. Thus, the great potential of diesel engines for environment preservation — due
to their lower CO2 emissions — could be missed. This situation worsens with the current design trends (engine downsizing) and the emerging new
diesel combustion concepts (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition-HCCI, Premixed Charge Compression Ignition-PCCI, etc.),
which are intrinsically noisy. This negative feature can be even more critical in transient operation due to the contribution
of the temporal changes of both source and transmission path on engine noise. Therefore, combustion noise must be considered
as an additional essential factor in engine development, together with performance, emissions and driveability. Thus, suitable
evaluation procedures that can be integrated into the global engine development process in a timely and cost-effective manner
are imperative. Regarding the evaluation procedures, most of the work available in the literature addressed combustion noise
at steady operation. To surpass this limitation, two possible approaches — adapted from the classical and multiple regression
methods — for the overall level assessment of combustion noise in transient conditions are evaluated in this paper. 相似文献
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《JSAE Review》2002,23(4):407-414
Fuel properties play a dominant role in the spray, mixture formation and combustion process, and are a key to emission control and efficiency optimization. This paper deals with the influence of the fuel properties on the spray and combustion characteristics in a high-pressure and temperature chamber. Light diesel fuel spray and combustion images were taken by using a high-speed video camera and analyzed by their penetration and evaporation characteristics in comparison with current diesel fuel. Then, a single-cylinder DI engine was used to investigate combustion and exhaust characteristics. The mixture formation of the light diesel fuel is faster than that of the current fuel depending on physical properties like boiling point, density, viscosity and surface tension. Engine test results show that smoke is reduced without an increase in other emissions. 相似文献
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本文介绍由Lucas公司研制的喷射压力达200MPa的泵喷嘴的工作原理与特点,并将该喷射系统应用于一带模拟增压中冷的单缸发动机上的试验情况,其结果表明,高喷射压力的电控泵喷嘴与无涡流开式燃烧室相匹配时,可获得相当低的微粒与NOX排放和低燃油消耗的性能,实现不需要排气后处理便能满足EUROⅡ的排放标准的要求。 相似文献