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气液两相段塞流中双流体模型的分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
采用一维瞬态双流体模型描述了倾斜管道中气液两相段塞流的流动情况,提出了段塞单元的简化水力模型,认为段塞流是由一系列段塞单元构成,该段塞单元由流相段塞区和膜区两部分组成;通过对段塞单元的分析,采用新方法来计算段塞频率,塞单元及液相塞的长度;根据据其流动特点推导出表征气液两相间相互作用及气液两相与管壁间相作用的关联式,本文在处理相间曳力系数时摒弃以往采用经验常数的方法,而是在稳态段塞流动量守恒方程的基础上推导出新型的曳力系数表达式从而达到封闭模型的目的。 相似文献
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在石油开采和输送过程中,合理利用两相混输技术可降低开采费用。由于混输管路流动状态很复杂,还没有经实践检验的精度较高的计算公式,而应用湍流数值模拟计算可合理解决这一问题。本文采用基于局部瞬时特性的拟流体两相湍流模型方程,考虑了相间曳力,虚质量力,升力等相间相互作用力的影响,对水平管路两相湍流流动包括水-气两相、油-气两相分别进行计算,采用IPSA(多相流流体模拟)计算方法将动量方程及K-ε方程离散成代数方程进行求解,模拟结果与实验结果作了对比分析,得到满意的结果。 相似文献
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固液两相流管道水击防护措施的计算分析 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对固液两相流的特点,建立了水击计算的运动方程及连续方程,并采用新方程对矿山常采用的容积泵输送,使用的储气缸缸、等减缓水电击压力的防护措施进行了计算分析。得出容积泵输送中的储气罐、泄压阀减压效果最好的结论。 相似文献
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目前,大多数管存计算公式采用稳态方法,精度较低。为精确计算管道管存,应精确计算存气管道气体温度、压力及压缩因子。文中将管段内气体由起点至终点参数动态变化看作一个多变指数为n的热力学参数变化过程,依据气体流动状态方程、运动方程推导出新的管存计算公式,计算过程采用分段计算累加的方法。经实例计算,与其他计算公式及TGNET软件模拟结果进行对比,推导公式计算精度较高。 相似文献
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针对高液限土的工程特点,采用掺入不同剂量生石灰,研究改良后高液限土的物理力学性质和强度变化规律。研究结果认为,高液限土经掺入百分之五的生石灰处理后,用作高等级公路的路基填料,可取得良好的效果。 相似文献
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Pedestrians as compared to vehicular traffic enjoy a high degree freedom of movement even in heavily congested areas. Consequently, there are more alternative links available to pedestrians between a given origin‐destination (O‐D) pair. This paper describes a study done by the University of Calgary to evaluate the factors affecting the choice of route on intra‐CBD trips or trips within the Central Business District (CBD). An origin destination survey conducted in downtown Calgary, Alberta enabled the identification of the most significant factors influencing the choice. These factors were analyzed in relation to the physical characteristics of the location, personal characteristics of the trip maker and the type of the trip. It appears that most people chose the shortest link and factors such as the level of congestion, safety or visual attractions were only secondary. This suggests that the length should be made a major consideration when planning and designing pedestrian links. 相似文献
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本文阐述了混合动力列车的技术特点及其相应优势与劣势,同时介绍了其在国内外的研究动向,并对其应用前景进行了展望。尽管该类新型铁道车辆的续航能力、电池寿命以及成本等相关问题目前仍有待改善,但以其对城市环境的美化作用与优越的舒适驾乘性能,以及高效节能、绿色环保的显著优势,依然不失为一类充满前景的新型轨道交通运输方式。 相似文献
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This paper estimates the efficiencies and productivity changes of 12 international airports in the Asia-Pacific region based on data from 1998 to 2006. We apply stochastic frontier analysis (SFA) to compute efficiency estimates and use the Malmquist productivity index (MPI) to analyze productivity changes. We use the SFA model with a translog-type production function after testing the statistical hypotheses. According to the results of the SFA hypothesis tests, airports have experienced a technological regression; the deviations from the efficiency frontier are caused more by technical inefficiency than random noise. However, the inefficiency was found to decrease. The MPI reveals a declining trend resulting more from technological change than from efficiency change, with a decrease in inefficiency. Taken together, both the hypothesis tests and the MPI not only provide consistent conclusions, but also suggest that airports should concentrate on technological progress. 相似文献
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管道风险分析指数评分法中重要步骤之一就是确定影响管道事故因素的权重,各个管道风险因素在整个管道事故中所占的权重是不相同的。针对目前管道风险分析指数评分法基本假设之一(各因素的分值范围都是0~100分),为了更加客观、准确、合理地反映各个风险因素对于管道事故的影响程度,提出并论述了依据层次分析法的数学逻辑性进行综合计算得出管道风险因素的权重,然后对评分法中各个因素的最高分值,根据其权重不同进行相应调整,从而增强评价者对风险因素的认识和评判能力,提高管道风险评价结果的准确性。 相似文献
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In India pedestrians usually cross the road at mid-block crosswalks due to ease of access to their destination or the development of adjacent land use types such as shopping, business areas, school and residential areas. The behaviour of pedestrian will change with respect to different land use type and this change in behaviour of pedestrian further reflects change in perceived level of service (LOS). So, it is important to evaluate the quality of service of such crossing facilities with respect to different land-use type under mixed traffic conditions. In this framework, pedestrian perceived LOS were collected with respect to different land-use type such as shopping, residential and business areas. The ordered probit (OP) model was developed by using NLOGIT software package, with number of vehicles encountered, road crossing difficulty as well as safety considered as primary factors along with pedestrian individual factors (gender and age), land-use type and roadway geometry. From the model results, it has been concluded that perceived safety, crossing difficulty, land-use condition, number of vehicles encountered, median width and number of lanes have significant effect on pedestrian perceived LOS at unprotected (un-signalized) mid-block crosswalks in mixed traffic scenario. The inferences of these results highlights the importance of land use planning in designing a new set of pedestrian access facilities for unprotected mid-block crosswalks under mixed traffic conditions. Also the study results would be useful for evaluating pedestrian accessibility taking into account different land-use type and planning required degree of segregation with vehicular movement at unprotected mid-block crosswalk locations. 相似文献