基于加权小波子带图像的贝叶斯人脸识别算法

对贝叶斯人脸识别公式进行了简化,在此基础上设计了基于加权小波子带图像的贝叶斯人脸识别算法.首先对人脸图像进行小波分解,把分解得到的低频子图与类内均值做差作为类内差异图像进行贝叶斯测试,选择相似度最高的N幅图像作为候选图像,然后对候选图像再次利用高频子图与对应频段的类内均值做差作为模式矢量并行进行贝叶斯测试,通过加权排序得到最后结果.实验结果验证了该方法的有效性.     

基于小波变换和支持向量机缆力预测

针对外海环境动力作用下缆力变化时变、非线性的特点,研究了系泊缆力预测方法.利用小波变换将缆力序列分解为不同频段上的低频细节子序列和高频近似子序列,利用支持向量机(SVM)分别对缆力子序列进行回归预测,结合各频段的输出结果得到缆力预测结果.仿真结果表明,小波变换能够反映缆力数据的变化特征,为SVM的学习、预测提供精确的训练样本,基于小波变换和支持向量机的预测方法精度高,优于直接应用SVM预测方法.     

中国航空网络的多分辨率小波分解研究

为解决航空网络中节点与边数量过多导致整体特征分析计算量大的困难,提出了基于多分辨率小波分解理论的复杂网络数据压缩方法,论证了选用Haar小波基进行航空网络小波分解的适用性及分解形式,提出了确定网络分解层数和分解后还原参数的方法.对2011年5月我国163座通航城市和2 198条航线构成的复杂航空网络,选用Haar小波基对该网络的邻接矩阵进行4层小波分解,得到的网络最低频子带10×10阶矩阵,包含了原网络的大部分信息.实证研究结果表明:利用分解后的最低频子带可以还原出原网络节点城市的平均度、平均最短路径长度和聚类系数.      

基于NSCT变换的红外与可见光图像融合方法

针对小波变换不能很好地表达图像边缘信息，NSCT变换对图像细节信息表达缺失的问题，本文提出了一种改进的基于NSCT变换的图像融合方法．首先将经过预处理和配准后的红外图像和可见光图像进行NSCT变换，得到各个源图像的低频和高频系数，然后对分解后的低频系数采用小波变换的融合规则进行融合处理，高频系数则采用基于特征的区域能量的融合规则进行融合处理，最后对融合后的系数进行NSCT反变换得到融合图像．仿真实验表明，采用改进的NSCT融合方法对红外与可见光图像的融合有良好的效果，图像更清晰，信息更全面．     

基于小波变换与分形相结合的图像压缩

研究小波变换与分形压缩相结合的图像压缩方法,即对小波变换的低频系数编码运用分形图像压缩算法,对高频系数进行零树编码,这样可以解决零树编码没有考虑最低频子带图像能量高特点的问题,同时减少分形压缩在图像恢复时方块效应带来的影响.     

基于Kohonen神经网络的图像超分辨率处理算法

提出一种小波变换、Bézier曲面插值和神经网络相结合的方法,并将该方法应用于图像处理中,对图像进行超分辨率处理,以提高图像质量.首先将原图像作为低通部分,然后对小波分解后的相应高频子带进行Bézier曲面插值,再对插值后的高频子带分别进行神经网络学习重建恢复各高频子带图像,以近似更高频的细节,最后通过小波逆变换获取比原图分辨率更高的图像.模拟实验结果表明与小波插值方法相比,所提出的算法能进一步提高图像的质量和分辨率.     

基于子带分解及分数傅立叶变换的语音增强算法

给出了一种基于子带分解并在子带中应用分数阶傅里叶变换(FRFT)的语音增强新方法.该方法把带噪语音信号分解成子带信号后,对子带信号进行了特定阶次下的分数阶傅里叶变换,通过子带谱减后的信号估计语音模型参数,再利用卡尔曼滤波对子带信号进行滤波,最后由滤波后的信号重构全带语音信号,实现语音增强.实验表明:该方法在减少卡尔曼滤波计算量的同时,也很大程度上提高了语音增强的质量.     

带表面裂纹连续梁损伤识别的曲率模态小波分析

以带横向非对称非贯通表面裂纹的连续梁为研究对象,利用小波奇异性检测原理,提出了带表面裂纹连续梁损伤识别小波分析方法.以带表面裂纹连续梁三维有限元分析求解梁的位移模态为基础,利用中心差分法得到梁的曲率模态,再用sym4小波对曲率模态进行连续小波变换,根据小波系数模极大值识别损伤位置,以一个三跨连续梁内两处半椭圆形表面裂纹的损伤识别为例,通过数值计算分析,验证了方法的有效性.同时,计算结果表明,运用曲率模态小波变换识别连续梁损伤比基本振型的小波变换方法更为准确、有效.该研究对带表面裂纹结构的损伤诊断应用具有参考价值.     

基于小波与混沌集成的短时交通流预测

针对现有短时交通流预测模型的不足,提出了一种用于交通流短时预测的小波与混沌集成方法。首先对交通流序列进行小波分解,分别得到低频部分和高频部分,并在此基础上作进一步分析,结果表明交通流存在混沌特性。然后应用混沌理论分别建立低频部分和高频部分的预测模型,对低频部分和高频部分进行预测。最后应用小波理论对混沌模型预测的结果予以重构,实现对原始交通流序列的预测,与现有方法比较,结果表明该方法具有较高的精度和应用前景。     

演化功率谱解耦及其工程应用

为提高非平稳过程的模拟效率,简化非平稳激励下的结构响应分析,将演化功率谱解耦为一系列时间系数与小波函数傅里叶变换模平方乘积之和,即把一般非平稳过程分解为若干个均匀调制非平稳过程之和,并将其应用于非平稳随机过程模拟和结构随机响应分析.研究结果表明:演化功率谱近似解耦具有较高的精度;演化功率谱解耦后,快速傅里叶变换算法一般可使非平稳随机过程的模拟效率提高数十倍,且模拟样本时程的自相关函数估计值与目标值非常吻合;非平稳激励下的结构响应分析得以简化,且与目标值相比,计算结果的误差很小.      

Face Hallucination with Weighted Nuclear Norm Constraint

Face hallucination via patch-pairs leaning based methods has been wildly used in the past several years. Some position-patch based face hallucination methods have been proposed to improve the representation power of image patch and obtain the optimal regressive weighted vector. The rationale behind the position-patch based face hallucination is the fact that human face is always highly structured and consequently positioned and it plays an increasingly important role in the reconstruction. However, in the existing position-patch based methods, the probe image patch is usually represented as a linear combination of the corresponding patches of some training images, and the reconstruction residual is usually measured using the vector norm such as 1-norm and 2-norm. Since the vector norms neglect two-dimensional structures inside the residual, the final reconstruction performance is not very satisfactory. To cope with this problem, we present a weighted nuclear-norm constrained sparse coding (WNCSC) model for position-patch based face hallucination. In addition, an efficient algorithm for the WNCSC is developed using the alternating direction method of multipliers (ADMM) and the method of augmented Lagrange multipliers (ALM). The advantages of the proposed model are twofold: in order to fully make use of low-rank structure information of the reconstruction residual, the weighted nuclear norm is applied to measure the residual matrix, which is able to alleviate the bias between input patches and training data, and it is more robust than the Euclidean distance (2-norm); the more flexible selection method for rank components can determine the optimal combination weights and adaptively choose the relevant and nearest hallucinated neighbors. Finally, experimental results prove that the proposed method outperforms the related state-of-the-art methods in both quantitative and visual comparisons.     

GNN-CRC: Discriminative Collaborative Representation-Based Classification via Gabor Wavelet Transformation and Nearest Neighbor

Collaborative representation-based classification (CRC) is a distance based method, and it obtains the original contributions from all samples to solve the sparse representation coefficient. We find out that it helps to enhance the discrimination in classification by integrating other distance based features and/or adding signal preprocessing to the original samples. In this paper, we propose an improved version of the CRC method which uses the Gabor wavelet transformation to preprocess the samples and also adapts the nearest neighbor (NN) features, and hence we call it GNN-CRC. Firstly, Gabor wavelet transformation is applied to minimize the effects from the background in face images and build Gabor features into the input data. Secondly, the distances solved by NN and CRC are fused together to obtain a more discriminative classification. Extensive experiments are conducted to evaluate the proposed method for face recognition with different instantiations. The experimental results illustrate that our method outperforms the naive CRC as well as some other state-of-the-art algorithms.     

交通状态划分的参数权重聚类方法研究

由于交通流量、速度、占有率或密度等参数在交通状态划分中作用不同,本文提出了基于参数权重聚类的交通状态划分方法.根据交通参数数据的相似性,应用基于加权欧氏距离的相似性度量方法构建了交通参数评价函数,并用梯度下降法极小化评价函数对交通参数权重进行求解.将交通参数权重应用于模糊C均值聚类算法（FCM）,得到基于参数权重的FCM道路交通状态划分方法.应用提出的模型对选取的实际交通参数数据进行交通状态划分,并与基于欧式距离的FCM状态划分结果对比.研究结果表明,本文提出的方法提高了交通状态划分精度,更接近交通实际运行状况.     

Fault Diagnosis of Rolling Element Bearing Using Multi-Scale Lempel-Ziv Complexity and Mahalanobis Distance Criterion

A new fault diagnosis technique for rolling element bearing using multi-scale Lempel-Ziv complexity (LZC) and Mahalanobis distance (MD) criterion is proposed in this study. A multi-scale coarse-graining process is used to extract fault features for various bearing fault conditions to overcome the limitation of the single stage coarse-graining process in the LZC algorithm. This is followed by the application of MD criterion to calculate the accuracy rate of LZC at different scales, and the best scale corresponding to the maximum accuracy rate is identified for fault pattern recognition. A comparison analysis with Euclidean distance (ED) criterion is also presented to verify the superiority of the proposed method. The result confirms that the fault diagnosis technique using a multi-scale LZC and MD criterion is more effective in distinguishing various fault conditions of rolling element bearings.     

一种基于核局部保留投影的人脸识别方法

为了有效提取人脸的非线性结构信息,提出一种新的基于最大散度差的核判别局部保留投影方法.首先通过核函数将样本数据映射到高维特征空间,计算特征空间中样本的散度矩阵,其次将样本原始空间中的近邻图嵌入到散度矩阵,最后采用最大散度差准则进行特征提取.在PIE与Yale人脸数据库上的实验结果表明,提出的人脸识别方法最高识别率可达到99%.      

Efficient Recognition of Human Faces from Video in Particle Filter

Introduction As an active research in computer vision andimage understanding, face recognition from videohas got wide applications, such as human-comput-er interface, video surveillance, ATM and videocommunications[1]. So far, there are many litera-tures on face recognition from video. Many archi-tectures about dynamic face recognition were pro-posed in those literatures. Tracking and recogni-tion were performed separately in Ref.[2]. Thelimitation in this method is that tracking andrecognit…     

基于融合两类核Fisher鉴别函数的人脸识别方法

提出了一种基于两类核Fisher鉴别分析(KFDA)的人脸识别方法,对每2个不同人脸类别求解一个核Fisher鉴别函数,其优点是能针对特定的2个人脸图像类别,抽取区分该2类人脸的最佳鉴别特征,克服了多类KFDA和2类KFDA相比是次优的问题.为解决KFDA计算量大的问题,将MSE推广为基于核的MSE(KMSE),用其得到核Fisher鉴别函数,减少了训练和识别的计算时间.在识别阶段应用了两种融合方法融合各个基于KMSE的核Fisher鉴别函数.     

Kernel Generalized Noise Clustering Algorithm

IntroductionFuzzy clustering is one of the important methodsin pattern recognition. The most widely used fuzzyclustering is the fuzzy c-means (FCM) algorithm[1]which is conceived by Dunn[2]and generalized byBezdek[3]. Based on an objective function, the F…     

Algorithm based on morphological component analysis and scale-invariant feature transform for image registration

In this paper, we proposed a registration method by combining the morphological component analysis (MCA) and scale-invariant feature transform (SIFT) algorithm. This method uses the perception dictionaries, and combines the Basis-Pursuit algorithm and the Total-Variation regularization scheme to extract the cartoon part containing basic geometrical information from the original image, and is stable and unsusceptible to noise interference. Then a smaller number of the distinctive key points will be obtained by using the SIFT algorithm based on the cartoon part of the original image. Matching the key points by the constrained Euclidean distance, we will obtain a more correct and robust matching result. The experimental results show that the geometrical transform parameters inferred by the matched key points based on MCA+SIFT registration method are more exact than the ones based on the direct SIFT algorithm.