Polycrystalline behavior analysis of extruded magnesium alloy AZ31

Uniaxial tensile and compressive tests were performed at room temperature on extruded AZ31 Mg alloy specimens and distinct tensile-compressive anisotropy was detected. Deformed specimens were examined and the results indicate that the generation of {10 $\bar 1$ 2}〈10 $\bar 1$ 1〉 twin is responsible for the mechanical anisotropy. A rate independent crystal plasticity model, which accounts for both slip and twinning, was developed for polycrystalline hexagonal close packed (HCP) materials. Model predictions for the stress-strain curves and texture evolution were in reasonable agreement with the experimental results. Specifically, the model captured the three stages of strain hardening for uniaxial-compression. By comparing stress-strain curves and texture evolution between model predictions and experimental measures, information about the dominant slip and twinning systems active at room temperature was deduced.     

Experimental exploration of electrical pulse-assisted roller hemming of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet

The purpose of this research is to explore the feasibility of roller hemming of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet. During the test, a special experimental setup considering the current flow and insulation was designed and employed. For the sake of simplicity, the flat surface-straight edge hemming style was selected. Electrical pulses were introduced in the pre-hemming and final hemming processes. The results show that when hemming at 448 K with hemming speed of 30 mm/min, AZ31B magnesium alloy sheet was successfully hemmed with excellent perceived quality. No recoil/warp defect, cracking or springback was observed. Electrical pulses induced dynamic recrystallized grains were observed along the grain boundaries in the severely deformed area, which is of great importance to the improvement of the ductility of the material. The hardness was slightly increased after hemming with electrical pulses, and this fact could improve the friction resistance performance of the hemmed part.     

Microstructure and property of friction stir welding joint of 7075Al and AZ31BMg

Microstructure and forming quality of friction stir welding joints of 7075Al and AZ31BMg with different welding parameters were analyzed. The results show that, good welded joint is obtained when the rotating frequency is 13 r/s and the welding speed is 30 mm/min. An irregular area is formed in the welding center. Meanwhile, the river pattern and eddy-like distribution are found in the weld nugget zone. Besides, brittle intermetallic compounds Al₁₂Mg₁₇ and Al₃Mg₂ are found in the welded joint. They cause the increase of microhardness of welded joint. The maximum tension stress of welded joint is 112MPa.     

Analysis of arc physical property of pulsed tungsten inert gas welding based on Fowler-Milne method

Pulsed tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding is widely used in industry due to its superior properties, so the measurement of arc temperature is important to analyse welding process. Arc image of spectral line in 794.8 nm is captured by high speed camera; both the Abel inversion and the Fowler-Milne method are used to calculate the temperature distribution of the pulsed TIG welding. Characteristic of transient variation in arc intensity and temperature is analyzed. When the change of current happens, intensity and temperature of arc jump as well, it costs several milliseconds. The further the axial position from the tungsten is, the greater the intensity jumps, and the smaller the temperature changes.     

Feature extraction and modeling of welding quality monitoring in pulsed gas touch argon welding based on arc voltage signal

Arc sensing plays a significant role in the control and monitoring of welding quality for aluminum alloy pulsed gas touch argon welding （GTAW）. A method for online quality monitoring based on adaptive boosting algorithm is proposed through the analysis of acquired arc voltage signal. Two feature extraction algorithms were developed in time domain and frequency domain respectively to extract six statistic characteristic parameters before removing the pulse interference using the wavelet packet transform （WPT）, based on which the Adaboost classification model is successfully established to evaluate and classify the welding quality into two classes and the classified accuracy of the model is as high as 98.81%. The Adaboost algorithm has been verified to be feasible in the online evaluation of welding quality.     

Investigation on Two Electrically-Assisted Forming Processes of AZ31B Magnesium Alloy Sheets

Two new types of electrically-assisted forming(EAF) processes of AZ31B magnesium alloy sheets,i.e., electrically-assisted blanking(EAB) and electrically-assisted sheet upset-extruding(EASUE), are proposed in this paper. During EAB, pulsed current(PC) decreases blanking load and improves blanked surface quality,and higher frequency has a more effective improvement; when the frequency reaches 600 Hz, the whole punched hole fracture is improved to smooth zone. Moreover, EAB does not influence the microstructure and does not induce obvious annealing, and this process is advantageous to the materials that cannot change microstructure.During EASUE, PC can reduce extrusion load and enhance extrusion height, and higher frequency also has a more effective improvement. Both processes indicate that introducing PC can effectively improve the part quality and have an application prospection.     

AZ31B镁合金电子束焊接接头显微组织及疲劳性能

为了改善镁合金焊接接头的微观组织及其力学性能,采用真空电子束焊接工艺对厚10 mm的AZ31B镁合金板材进行焊接,分析电子束对接接头的显微组织、元素分布和物相组成,检测了电子束对接接头静载拉伸性能和疲劳性能.试验结果表明AZ31B镁合金电子束焊接接头的微观组织和力学性能均得到了改善:焊缝区晶粒明显细化,焊缝区Mg、Zn元素的质量分数分别降低了0.12%和0.28%,Al、Mn元素的质量分数分别增加了0.24%、0.14%,焊缝区为单相α-Mg,无明显的低熔点β-Mg17Al12脆性;焊接接头的抗拉强度为242 MPa,能够达到母材的抗拉强度;在脉动载荷（R=0.1）、2×106循环次数下,其接头的疲劳强度为91 MPa,能达到母材的78.4%.      

镁合金AZ31的差热分析及凝固组织观察

利用差热分析（DTA）和在不同温度下加热-急冷,并结合金相组织观察的方法研究了AZ31镁合金的凝固相变温度及凝固组织变化特征．通过对AZ31镁合金DTA曲线的分析和不同温度下金相组织的比较、分析,确定了该合金的相变起始温度为430．1℃,共晶温度为438．5℃,固相线温度为614．4℃,液相线温度为636．4℃．同时,通过对不同温度下急冷试样的组织观察,分析了AZ31镁合金在凝固过程中的相变及组织演变特征,并确定了差热分析所得相变温度的准确性．     

镁合金AZ31的差热分析及凝固组织观察

利用差热分析(DTA)和在不同温度下加热-急冷,并结合金相组织观察的方法研究了AZ31镁合金的凝固相变温度及凝固组织变化特征.通过对AZ31镁合金DTA曲线的分析和不同温度下金相组织的比较、分析,确定了该合金的相变起始温度为430.1℃,共晶温度为438.5℃,固相线温度为614.4℃,液相线温度为636.4℃.同时,通过对不同温度下急冷试样的组织观察,分析了AZ31镁合金在凝固过程中的相变及组织演变特征,并确定了差热分析所得相变温度的准确性.     

Modeling, identification and simulation of DC resistance spot welding process for aluminum alloy 5182

Currently the aluminum alloy resistance spot welding(AA-RSW) has been extensively used for light weight automotive body-in-white manufacturing.However the aluminum alloys such as AA5182 have inferior weldability for forming the joint due to their high reflectiveness to heat and light.Therefore it is necessary to further develop the high performance control strategy and the set-up of a new welding schedule.The welding process identification is the essential issue where the difficulty arises from the fact that the AA-RSW is a nonlinear time-varying uncertain process which couples the thermal,electrical,mechanical and metallurgical dynamics.To understand this complicated physical phenomenon a novel dual-phase M-series pseudo-random electrical pattern is adopted to excite the AA-RSW electrical-thermal process and the thermal response is recorded according to the welding power outputs.Based on the experimental information,the transfer function of an AA-RSW electrical- thermal mechanism is identified,and the optimum model order and parameters are determined.Subsequently a control-oriented DC AA-RSW model is established to explore the welding power control algorithm.The simulated results of the control model show agreement with the experimental data,which validates its feasibility for the corresponding welding control.     

Research on arc erosion of silver-based alloy contact materials under low voltage, resistive load and small current at 400 Hz and 50 Hz

By using a self-developed IF power and a ASTM contact material experimental system of small-capacity and variable frequency, the value of arcing characteristics and the welding force of the silver-based contact material are acquired under low voltage, resistive load and small current at 400 Hz and 50 Hz. By means of an electricity-ray analytical balance, SEM and EDAX, the weighing values of the contact materials and the changes of AgCdO, AgNi, AgC and AgW contact material surface profile and micro-area constituent are obtained and analyzed. The arc erosion causes of silver-based alloy contact materials at 400 Hz and 50 Hz are also discussed.     

阳极时效时间与电解质对Fe—31Mn—7Cr合金钝化膜的稳定性与耐腐蚀性能的影响

运用综合的电化学方法与原子吸收光谱技术，研究阳极时效时间及其电解液对Fe-31Mn-7Cr合金于50％HNO3或1molL^-1Na2SO4溶液中形成的钝化膜的稳定性与耐蚀性的影响。在阳极钝化电位中区，延长Fe-32Mn-7Cr合金在50％HNO3或1molL^-1Na2SO4水溶液中阳极时效时间能增加钝化膜的稳定性与防护性，随之进一步改善合金的耐腐蚀抗力。由1molL^-1Na2SO4水溶液中阳极极化曲线各参数所表征的Fe-31Mn-7Cr(经1molL^-1Na2SO4阳极时效5h后）的耐腐蚀性能接近于1Cr13不锈钢的水平。在强氧化性的50％HNO3溶液中阳极时效表面改性的效果明显优于在中性的1molL^-1Na2SO4溶液中改性。表面改性后，抗腐蚀性能的提高主要归因于钝化膜中Cr氧化物的富集与Fe和Mn氧化物的贫乏。     

阳极时效时间与电解质对Fe-31Mn-7Cr合金钝化膜的稳定性与耐腐蚀性能的影响

运用综合的电化学方法与原子吸收光谱技术,研究阳极时效时间及其电解液对Fe-31Mn-7Cr合金于50%HNO3或1molL-1Na2SO4溶液中形成的钝化膜的稳定性与耐蚀性的影响.在阳极钝化电位中区,延长Fe-31Mn-7Cr合金在50%HNO3或1molL-1Na2SO4水溶液中阳极时效时间能增加钝化膜的稳定性与防护性,随之进一步改善合金的耐腐蚀抗力.由 1 mol L-1Na2SO4水溶液中阳极极化曲线各参数所表征的Fe-31Mn-7Cr(经1mol L-1Na2SO4阳极时效5h后)的耐腐蚀性能接近于1Cr13不锈钢的水平.在强氧化性的50%HNO3溶液中阳极时效表面改性的效果明显优于在中性的1molL-1Na2SO4溶液中改性者.表面改性后,抗腐蚀性能的提高主要归因于钝化膜中Cr氧化物的富集与Fe和Mn氧化物的贫乏.