共查询到20条相似文献,搜索用时 343 毫秒
1.
S. J. Lee S. J. Jeong W. S. Kim C. B. Lee 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2008,9(6):659-670
The use of a diesel particulate filter (DPF) in a diesel aftertreatment system has proven to be an effective and efficient
method for removing particulate matter (PM) in order to meet more stringent emission regulations without hurting engine performance.
One of the favorable PM regeneration technologies is the NO2-assisted regeneration method due to the capability of continuous regeneration of PM under a much lower temperature than that
of thermal regeneration. In the present study, the thermal behavior of the monolith during regeneration and the conversion
efficiency of NO2 from NO with an integrated exhaust system of a diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and DPF have been predicted by one-channel
numerical simulation. The simulation results of the DOC, DPF, and integrated DOC-DPF models are compared with experimental
data to verify the accuracy of the present model for the integrated DOC and DPF modeling. The effects of catalyst loading
inside the DOC and the volume ratio between the DOC and DPF on the pressure drop, the conversion efficiency, and the oxidation
rate of PM, have been numerically investigated. The results indicate that the case of the volume ratio of ‘DOC/DPF=1.5’ within
the same diameter of both monoliths produced close to the maximum conversion efficiency and oxidation rate of PM. Under the
engine operating condition of 175 kW at 2200 rpm, 100% load with a displacement of 8.1, approximately 55 g/ft3 of catalyst (Pt) loading inside the DOC with the active Pt surface of 5.3 m2/gpt was enough to maximize the conversion efficiency and oxidation rate of PM. 相似文献
2.
Xiaoyu Pu Yixi Cai Yunxi Shi Jing Wang Linbo Gu Jing Tian Runlin Fan 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2018,19(3):421-432
In order to investigate the influence of initial regeneration temperatures on diesel particulate filter (DPF) regeneration, an experimental study of DPF regeneration was implemented using a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) reactor, aided by exhaust waste heat after engine flameout. DPF trapping characteristics and carbon deposit mass were discussed to facilitate further data analysis and calculation. DPF regeneration was then investigated by comparison analysis of deposit removal mass, backpressure drop, and internal temperature change. The results revealed that a large amount of particulate matter (PM) was deposited in DPF with a high filtration efficiency of about 90 %. The deposit removal rate and percentage drop of the backpressure both maximized at the initial temperature of 100 °C. During DPF regeneration, the sharp rise of internal temperature indicated vigorous PM incineration and high CO2 emission. The results successfully demonstrated DPF regeneration using non-thermal plasma injection during engine flameout, and prominent heat durability was achieved in this method. 相似文献
3.
B. J. Shim K. S. Park J. M. Koo M. S. Nguyen S. H. Jin 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2013,14(2):207-212
By high particulate matter(PM) reduction performance, diesel particulate filter(DPF) is applied to almost all of modern HSDI diesel engine. PM emitted from diesel engine is consist of carbon based and non-carbon based material. Representative carbon based PM is soot. Non-carbon based PM is produced by wear of engine and exhaust component, combustion of lubrication oil and sulphur in fuel. Accumulation of non-carbon based PM affects pressure difference of DPF and thus accuracy of soot mass estimation in DPF can be lowered during normal and regeneration condition when the pressure difference caused by non-carbon based PM is not recognized correctly. Also unevenly accumulated PM inside of DPF can produce locally different exhaust gas temperature and thus it can lower accuracy of soot mass estimation during regeneration. This study focuses on estimation of soot oxidation rate not by conventional pressure difference but by exhaust gas analysis at up and downstream of DPF. Results, strong correlations between CO2 -fuel mass ratio and soot oxidation was observed. 相似文献
4.
Jinyoung Jang Youngjae Lee Ohseok Kwon 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2017,18(5):751-758
This study was conducted to examine the impact of aged and new DPF systems of the Euro 5 diesel passenger car on fuel efficiency and exhaust emissions. Test diesel vehicle used in this study was equipped with diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) and diesel particulate filter (DPF) as aftertreatment systems, and satisfied the Euro-5 emissions standard. The displacement volume of engine was 1.6 L and the cumulative mileage was 167,068 km before the test. The FTP-75 test procedure was used, and the time resolved and weight based exhaust emissions of total hydrocarbon (THC), carbon monoxide (CO) and nitrogen oxides (NOx) were measured. The results show that the vehicle with the new DPF system has lower emissions of THC, CO and NOx than the aged one, and fuel efficiency also increased about 5 percent. The aged DPF system had higher backpressure due to the particulate matter (mostly in the form of ash) accumulated in the DPF. As was shown in the analysis using X-CT (X-ray computer tomography), the aged DPF system had particulate matter (PM) accumulated to a length of 46.6 mm. In addition, a component analysis of PM through XRF (X-ray fluorescence) analysis found that 50 % or more of the components consisted of the P, S, Ca, and Zn. 相似文献
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Y. X. Shi Y. X. Cai X. H. Li Y. Y. Chen D. W. Ding W. Tang 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2014,15(6):871-876
By using a self-designed non-thermal plasma (NTP) injection system, an experimental study of the regeneration of DPF was conducted at different temperatures, where oxygen as the gas source. The results revealed that PM can be decomposed to generate CO and CO2 by these active substances O3, O which was generated through the discharge reaction of NTP reactor. With the increasing of test temperature, the mass of C1 (C in CO) shows a overall downward trend while the mass of C2 (C in CO2) and C12 (C1 and C2) increase firstly and then decrease. When the test temperature is 80°C, the backpressure of DPF decreases fastest and the regenerative effect is remarkable. DPF can be regenerated by NTP technology without any catalyst at a lower temperature. Compared with the traditional regeneration method, the NTP technology has its superiority. 相似文献
7.
车用柴油机四效催化转化装置的研究与进展 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
介绍柴油机机内净化的发展趋势,以及正在研究的主要四效催化转化装置,包括催化氧化技术和NOx催化还原技术结合,微粒捕集器和NOx催化还原技术结合,用催化的方法同时去除4种污染物的技术,低温等离子体技术等,并分析了各技术所面临的主要挑战。 相似文献
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9.
《JSAE Review》1995,16(1):21-25
The platinum ion-exchanged ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst (Pt-5), which reduces nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the presence of oxygen and hydrocarbons, was applied to actual diesel engine exhaust. Compared to the Cooper ion-exchanged ZSM-5 zeolite catalyst, the Pt-Z had higher NOx reduction efficiency, ηNOx = 33%, and lower activation temperature, 250°C, in normal engine operation. It was found that water in the exhaust gas did not apparently affect the NOx reduction, while the reduction efficiency was significantly affected by the aspect ratio of the catalyst reactor and by the shape of the catalyst, i.e. pellet or honeycomb. 相似文献
10.
采用燃烧器+氧化催化器的柴油机微粒捕集器复合再生控制策略的研究 总被引:3,自引:1,他引:2
设计了一种车载全流式燃烧器,从增压柴油机的涡轮增压器取出新鲜空气,从回油管路取油供给燃烧;将该装置安装在排气管尾端使捕集器进行再生.在燃烧器和捕集器之间增加氧化催化器,实现了在发动机所有稳态工况下捕集器的复合再生.在排气背压的再生控制策略基础上,根据经验公式对背压值进行温度修正,将三维背压MAP简化为二维,提出"恒温定时"的复合再生控制策略,分析了控制策略在不同工况区域的运用,给出了再生过程分析实例.对既定的控制策略进行了实车试验,结果表明微粒排放达到了国Ⅳ标准. 相似文献
11.
Particulate matter in diesel engine exhaust, particularly nano-particles, can cause serious human health problems including
diseases such as lung cancer. Because diesel nano-particle issues are of global concern, regulations on particulate matter
emissions specify that not only the weight of particulate matter emitted but also the concentration of nanoparticles must
be controlled. This study aimed to determine the effects on nano-particle and PM emissions from a diesel engine when applying
a urea-SCR system for NOx reduction. We found that PM weight increases by approximately 90% when urea is injected in ND-13 mode over the emission without
urea injection. Additionally, PM weight increases as the NH3/NOx mole ratio is increased at 250 °C. In SEM scans of the collected PM, spherical particles were observed during urea injection,
with sizes of approximately 200 nm to 1 μm. This study was designed to determine the conditions under which nano-particles
and PM are formed in a urea-SCR system and to relate these conditions to particle size and shape via a quantitative analysis
in ND-13 mode. 相似文献
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Joonsoo Han Junho Lee Youngtaig Oh Gyubaek Cho Hongsuk Kim 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2017,18(6):951-957
Urea-SCR systems have been widely used in diesel vehicles according to the strengthened NOx (Nitrogen Oxides) emission standard. The NOx removal efficiencies of the latest well optimized urea-SCR system are above 90 % at moderate exhaust gas temperature of 250 ~ 450 °C. However, a large amount of NOx is emitted from diesel vehicles at cold start or urban driving conditions, when the exhaust gas temperature is not high enough for SCR catalyst activation. Although many researchs have been stuied to improve NOx conversion efficiency at these low temperature conditions, it is still one of important technical issues. In this study, the effect of UWS injection at low exhaust gas temperature conditions is studied. This study uses a 3.4 L diesel engine equipped with a commertial urea SCR system. As a result, it is found that about 5 % of NOx removal efficiency is improved in the NRTC test when UWS injection starts at the SCR inlet temperature of 150 °C compared to 200 °C. It is also found that urea deposits can be formed on the wall of exhaust pipe, when the local wall temperature is lower than temperature of urea decomposition. 相似文献
15.
商用车柴油机多采用DOC+SCR的后处理系统来满足国Ⅳ、国Ⅴ排放标准的要求,而不同类型SCR的催化特性对最终污染物排放影响也不同。试验获取了一支铜基分子筛型SCR,基于1台2.8L柴油机和一支钒基SCR,运行了车用柴油机稳态循环(ESC)和瞬态排放循环(ETC),研究并分析了其对柴油机污染物的减排特性。结果表明,相较于钒基SCR,运行ETC循环时分子筛型SCR对发动机NOx和PM排放的减排效率分别提升19%和33%;分子筛型SCR对NOx的低温转化效率更高,且由于对排气流量不敏感,在高空速工况下其转化效率显著高于钒基SCR;分子筛型SCR对颗粒物个数的减排效率弱于钒基SCR,达7%以上,容易将大质量颗粒物分解为小质量颗粒物;两种SCR均对CO和HC具有一定的减排效果,减排率可达20%左右。 相似文献
16.
This study summarizes engine speed and load effects on HC species emissions from premixed charge compression ignition (PCI)
and conventional diesel combustion, and it evaluates diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) formulations on a gas flow reactor for
the purpose of diesel particulate filter regeneration or lean NOx trap desulfation. HC emissions are sampled simultaneously by a Tedlar bag for light HC species and by a Tenax TA™ adsorption
trap for semi-volatile HC species, and they are analyzed by gas chromatography with a flame ionization detector. The bulk
temperature and residence time during combustion are key parameters that are important for understanding the effects of speed
and load on engine-out HC emissions. The degree of post-flame oxidation is higher in PCI than in conventional combustion,
and it is increased for PCI with a higher speed and load, as indicated by a lower fuel alkanes/THC ratio, a higher alkenes/fuel
alkanes ratio, and a higher methane/THC ratio. Ethene and n-undecane are two representative HC species, and they are used
as a surrogate mixture in the gas flow reactor to simulate PCI and conventional combustion with in-cylinder post fuel injection.
Among the three DOC formulations tested, the catalyst with constituent precious metals of platinum and palladium (PtPd) showed
the best light-off performance, followed by PtPd with an addition of cerium dioxide (PtPd+CeO2), and platinum (Pt), regardless of exhaust compositions. Conventional combustion exhaust composition shows a lower light-off
temperature than that of PCI, regardless of catalyst formulation. 相似文献
17.
Tae Joong Wang 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2018,19(6):941-947
In this study, the effect of hydrothermal aging over a commercial diesel oxidation catalyst (DOC) on deterioration in nitrogen dioxide (NO2) production activity has been experimentally investigated based on a micro-reactor DOC experiment. Through this experimental result, the NO2 to nitrogen oxides (NOx) ratio at DOC outlet has been mathematically expressed as a function of DOC temperature according to various aging conditions. The current study reveals that the catalyst aging temperature is a more dominant factor than the aging duration in terms of the decrease in NO2 production performance through DOC. The DOC sample hydrothermally aged for 25 h at 750 °C has displayed the lowest NO2 to NOx ratio compared to the samples aged for 25 ~ 100 h at 650 °C. Also, in this study, the impact of hydrothermal aging of a DOC on the selective catalytic reduction (SCR) efficiency in a ‘DOC + SCR’ aftertreatment system was predicted by using transient SCR simulations. To validate the SCR simulation, this study has conducted a dynamometer test of a non-road heavy-duty diesel engine with employing a commercial ‘DOC + SCR’ system on the exhaust line. The current study has quantitatively estimated the effect of the variation in NO2 to NOx ratio due to the hydrothermal aging of DOC on the NOx removal efficiency of SCR. 相似文献
18.
柴油机后处理系统一维数值模拟 总被引:4,自引:0,他引:4
以准稳态流动的压力损失方程与传热方程为计算依据,将过滤体看成是一维单通道流动管道的集合,建立了DPF一维流动模型,模拟过滤体;以BJ493ZQ3发动机为试验用发动机,建立发动机模型,将DPF模型连接在发动机排气管尾端,集合为系统整体模型,模拟系统排气阻力。计算与试验结果都表明,固定转速,低负荷时,系统排气阻力与负荷近似呈线性关系,高负荷时,二者近似呈二次曲线关系。计算给出了柴油机加装壁流式碳化硅DPF在实际不同运行条件下的排气背压MAP图,用来标定控制器,同时为DPF的再生控制策略提供了依据。 相似文献
19.
J. W. Lee Y. I. Jeong M. W. Jung K. O. Cha S. I. Kwon J. C. Kim S. Park 《International Journal of Automotive Technology》2008,9(4):397-403
In recent years, particle number emissions rather than particulate mass emissions in automotive engines have become the subject
with controversial discussions. Recent results from studies of health effects imply that it is possible that particulate mass
does not properly correlate with the variety of health effects attributed to engine exhaust. The concern is now focusing on
nano-sized particles emitted from I. C. engines. In this study, particulate mass and particle number concentration emitted
from light-duty vehicles were investigated for a better understanding of the characteristics of the engine PM from different
types of fuels, such as gasoline and diesel fuel. Engine nano-particle mass and size distributions of four test vehicles were
measured by a condensation particle counter system, which is recommended by the particle measurement program in Europe (PMP),
at the end of a dilution tunnel along a NEDC test mode on a chassis dynamometer. We found that particle number concentrations
of diesel passenger vehicles with DPF system are lower than gasoline passenger vehicles, but PM mass has some similar values.
However, in diesel vehicles with DPF system, PM mass and particle number concentrations were greatly influenced by PM regeneration.
Particle emissions in light-duty vehicles emitted about 90% at the ECE15 cycle in NEDC test mode, regardless of vehicle fuel
type. Particle emissions at the early cold condition of engine were highly emitted in the test mode. 相似文献
20.
在中国典型城市公交循环工况下,采用车载排放测试技术,以纯柴油模式的怠速排放水平作为比较基准,对某一大型混合动力客车发动机的启动/停止(S/S)对排放特性的影响进行了研究.试验结果表明:从排放总量上看,混合动力汽车的HC、CO、NO_x、CO_2和PM的排放量都比纯柴油模式低;而混合动力模式S/S阶段的HC、CO和NO_x的排放量要比纯柴油模式怠速排放量低;但是PM排放量相反,混合动力发动机在启动和停止时都出现排放峰值;从控制PM排放量来说,该混合动力客车停机时间应长于7s. 相似文献