Quality evaluation of car window motors using sound quality metrics

In this paper, a method to establish a decision criterion to evaluate the quality of small window motors using sound quality (SQ) metrics is suggested. Although the sound level radiated from the motor is relatively small compared to other sounds in a car, the sound from an abnormal motor gives an uncomfortable feeling and the impression of abnormal operation, which can lead to customer complaints. To construct an objective decision criterion, the correlation between the SQ metrics and the subjective decision on the passing or failure of the motor were investigated. Four representative SQ metrics, viz., loudness, sharpness, roughness, and fluctuation strength, were calculated for the collected samples. It was observed that the loudness and roughness of the motor sample group classified as abnormal was higher than those of the normal motors. For a single figure rating for motor quality, an evaluation index for the motor sound was generated by combining the correlated SQ metrics with proper weightings. Evaluation results on the specimens that were not employed in generating the quality evaluation index showed a reasonable agreement with the subjective test at 73%. The suggested quality check method can replace the current subjective decision procedure to identify the faulty motors.     

主观评价声品质参数的计算

传统的基于客观指标的噪声评价方法已经不能满足新车型的开发要求。为了更好地体现客户的主观感受。在评价噪声的过程中引入基于主观评价的声品质方法。文章详细介绍了语言清晰度、响度及尖锐度3个声品质参数的计算方法,对4辆不同品牌排量为1.3L的两厢乘用车进行车内匀速噪声测试,并进行了客观评价和主观评价。通过对比可以看出,基于主观的噪声评价方法更真实地反映了车辆的噪声水平和品质。     

汽车关门声品质主客观维度解构及应用研究

通过对关门声品质主观评价维度进行解构,将关门声的主观感知细分为总体响度、厚重感、紧凑感、精致感4个维度,并采用语义细分法结合等级评价法进行关门声品质的主观感知评价。进一步对声品质评价的大量客观参数进行主客观关联性分析,找到了与关门声品质4个感知维度相关性在0.9以上的对应客观量化指标,分别为峰值响度、低频能量、响度特征谱包络和平均尖锐。结合某乘用车关门声品质的优化案例,对提出的主客观评价方法的合理性进行了验证,结果表明,所建立的主客观评价方法,可以全面表达人对关门声品质的主观感知评价,在车门声品质开发过程中能较准确地诊断问题,对汽车关门声品质的评价与开发具有实际指导意义。     

汽车关门声声品质评价方法的研究

介绍了基于A计权声压级时频特性的汽车关门声品质评价方法,建立了Zwicker瞬时响度与时变响度、Moore瞬时响度与时变响度和尖锐度的计算模型,分析了各种模型对汽车关门声品质评价的适用性;最后建立了以A计权声压级时频特性、尖锐度和瞬时响度为指标的汽车关门声品质评价方法,并通过对两个关门声样本的评价,验证了该方法的可行性。     

Objective evaluation of door-closing sound quality based on physiological acoustics

This paper presents a new method to objectively quantify the sound quality of doors closing in premium passenger cars. In previous works, psychoacoustic parameters have been used for objective quantification. However, these parameters do not agree well with subsequent subjective assessments. Therefore, the correlation between the psychoacoustic parameters and the subjective rating of door closing sounds in sampled cars is low, and it is not sufficient to use psychoacoustic parameters as an objective metric to quantify the quality of door-closing sounds. In this paper, a new method is proposed to objectively quantify the sound quality based on physiological acoustics and statistical signal processing. A gammatone filter is used as a pre-processing method in models of the auditory system and kurtosis, which is the fourth-order moment of the temporal signal and is used to extract quantitative information about the quality of door-closing sounds. The new metric obtained from the proposed method is highly correlated to subjective ratings and has been successfully applied to the quantification of door-closing sound quality.     

Development of a new sound metric for impact sound in a passenger car using the wavelet transform

Vehicles can experience impacts due to harsh road conditions. Contact with an uneven road surface causes vehicles to vibrate, which generates a loud impact sound. The attenuation of such noise is important because car passengers may complain about the impact noise. However, perfect removal of impact noise is not possible because most of it is caused by external conditions. More research is needed on the objective attributes of impact noise; however, the problem of impact noise is not a simple matter because impact noise is transient in nature and reaches a high level instantaneously. In this paper, a new objective attribute of impact noise is designed using the wavelet transform, which is appropriate for analyzing nonstationary signals, such as an impact signal. The usefulness of the new objective attribute, which is a sound metric, is examined by comparing the mean subjective ratings for real impact noise in passenger cars. The new sound metric has better correlation with the mean subjective rating than currently existing sound metrics.     

一种永磁同步电机声品质主观评价方法研究

对永磁同步电机的稳态信号声品质进行了分析,并以声压级、响度、尖锐度、语音清晰度、波动度、粗糙度和音调度作为评价指标,建立了永磁同步电机声品质评价体系.采用分组成对比较法进行了主观评价,通过Bradley-Terry算法对评价结果进行了优化处理,分别搭建多元线性回归预测模型和MPGA-RBF预测模型,通过预留的检验样本对...     

全油门加速工况车内声品质研究

以23辆乘用车的3挡全油门加速工况的车内噪声为研究对象,对车内声品质采用等级评分法进行主观评价试验,分析计算各噪声样本的心理声学参数和非心理声学的客观参数,并应用多元线性回归理论建立声品质预测模型。研究表明,响度、线性度和粗糙度是影响听众对全油门加速噪声主观感受的最重要的因素,模型预测结果与主观评价试验结果相关系数R~2为0.853,预测值与主观评价实测值吻合度较高,所建立的声品质评价模型在统计学上是有意义的。     

车内噪声品质偏好性主客观评价及相关性分析

以5种轿车典型运行工况下后排乘员耳旁噪声样本为评价对象,利用自适应分组成对比较法对车内噪声品质进行了偏好性主观评价试验。计算了各样本的主要心理声学参数,通过相关分析和线性多元回归分析,建立了以响度和尖锐度描述车内噪声品质偏好性结果的数学模型。通过各组间的关联样本将各组评价结果进行反演构建,得到的总体样本评价结果与传统成对比较法评价结果一致性好,且节省了50%的评价时间。     

由轮胎引起的车内噪声品质分析

对某轿车换装不同型号轮胎,在消声室转鼓上进行滑行工况下的车内噪声测试.对采集到的驾驶员右耳噪声进行了声品质分析,计算了各噪声样本的响度、尖锐度和语音清晰度等心理声学参数.     

Objective evaluation of human perception of automotive sound based on physiological signal of human brain

This paper presents a novel approach to apply the physiological signal of the human brain to the sound quality evaluation of automotive sound. In the previous work, psychoacoustic metrics were applied to the sound quality evaluation of automotive sound. Loudness among psychoacoustic metrics is used for one of major sound metrics for the objective evaluation of the sound quality of the acceleration sound inside a car. Subjective evaluation of the sound quality of the acceleration sound shows different results depending on the two different groups of participants. One group liked powerful sound when a car is accelerated: the other group liked the refine sound. Loudness of the acceleration sound is not correlated with the subjective rating of the former group whilst it is correlated with that of the latter group. This evaluation suggests that for the people who like the powerful acceleration sound, it needs to find the sound metric for the objective evaluation of the sound quality of the acceleration sound. In this paper, a driver’s brain signal is measured using electroencephalography (EEG) when a driver hears the acceleration sound of passenger cars. The signal is analyzed to obtain the relationship between brain signals and human perception. According to these results, the alpha wave correlates to the human perception of powerful sound quality of passenger cars. This interesting relationship can be used for objective evaluation of passenger car sounds.     

基于ITD和邻域差分能量算子解调的内燃机瞬时转速计算

针对内燃机瞬时转速计算精度低、对采样频率鲁棒性差的问题,提出了基于固有时间尺度分解（Intrinsic Time‐scale Decomposition ,ITD）和邻域差分能量算子解调（Energy Operator Demodulation ,EOD）的瞬时转速计算方法。利用自适应波形匹配算法对原采样信号进行端点延拓,然后基于ITD算法从信号中提取包含瞬时转频的单分量信号,再对单分量信号进行邻域对称差分,并将差分结果输入传递函数计算能量算子,进而求出内燃机的瞬时转频和瞬时转速。仿真和实测信号研究证明了本方法计算速度快、精度高且频率鲁棒性好。     

轿车车窗上升过程声品质预测模型研究

针对声品质主观评价试验成本高的问题,提出一种基于车窗上升过程稳态噪声和瞬态噪声的声品质预测模型。采集24款轿车左前门车窗上升过程的噪声信号,在时域上划分为具有瞬态噪声特征的启动阶段、停止阶段和具有稳态噪声特征的平稳运行阶段,分别计算出3个阶段的客观评价参数。通过主观评价试验得到每款样本车的主观评价结果。运用BP神经网络建立了车窗上升过程的声品质预测模型,预测结果表明,此方法提取的客观评价参数能反映左前门车窗上升过程的声品质特征,BP神经网络建立的声品质预测模型具有较高准确度和泛化能力,能在一定程度上代替评测员对车窗上升过程声品质进行评价。     

隧道爆破信号主分量特征提取与毫秒延期识别研究

为了准确揭示隧道爆破振动信号所包含的反映爆破特征参数的重要信息,通过EMD分解与交叉小波变换组合分析方法对实测爆破信号进行分析,得到各分量与原信号的相关性系数,从而准确判别出信号的主分量。再依据相关性系数对包含主分量在内的相关分量重组并进行Hilbert变换取模值,精确识别出隧道采用的各段别雷管的毫秒延期时间。结果表明： 组合方法确定的主分量及相关分量重组信号能够突出爆破信号的主要特征,对隧道爆破信号的分析效果好。     

基于改进小波分解的机载位置数据降噪处理

机载经度、纬度、高度数据的精度,对保证飞机定位的精确性和飞行安全性有着重要意义.结合小波分解和经验模态分解(EMD)2种方法的优点,在小波分解的基础上,提出1种基于 EMD 的小波分解降噪方法.利用 EMD 对机载位置数据进行分解,并对高频分量用小波分解方法进行降噪处理,降噪后高频分量再结合低频分量进行重构得到降噪后的数据.以西安到长春某航班巡航阶段的机载高度数据序列为例,进行了仿真验证.结果表明,改进小波分解降噪方法与传统的小波分解降噪方法相比,信噪比提高了0.649,均方根误差减小了0.6969,消噪效果更加明显.改进的小波分解方法在处理机载位置数据方面有着较明显的优点,可获得更精确的飞机三维数据.      

基于心理声学分析的车内异常噪声辨识

介绍了车内异常噪声辨识的心理声学分析方法；指出基于心理声学的分析方法考虑了入耳听觉特性。能够定量地反映不同噪声的主观感受差别，较好地符合异常噪声辨识要求。在试验测试基础上，从响度、粗糙度、尖锐度和抖动度等方面对车内噪声品质进行了对比分析。     

汽车声品质主客观评价方法研究

阐述了汽车产品开发过程中声品质主观评价方法的不足,介绍了各心理声学参数的应用。以10种类型轿车在不同车速下不同位置座椅处的耳旁噪声为评价对象,对车内噪声品质用成对比较法进行了主观评价试验;分析计算了各噪声样本的主要心理声学客观参数;在精确计算评价结果误判率的基础上,通过相关分析和多元回归分析,建立了匀速车内噪声主观偏好性与心理声学参数间的数学模型。研究结果表明,与轿车匀速车内噪声品质相关的主要心理声学参量根据车速的不同而不尽相同。     

汽车声品质主观评价试验方法探究

首先讨论了汽车声品质主观评价的必要性,然后从几个方面对主观评价进行详细阐述,包括主观评价试验前的准备、试验的一般方法以及试验结果的分析.     

Objective evaluation of the sound quality of the warning sound of electric vehicles with a consideration of the masking effect: Annoyance and detectability

This study developed a method to evaluate the sound quality of the warning sound masked by background noise considering the masking effect. The warning sound of an electric vehicle is required by law for the safety of pedestrians. Therefore, the warning sound becomes an additional noise pollution source if it is designed as an annoyance. On the other hand, if the sound is designed with a low sound pressure level, pedestrians will not recognize the approach of vehicle due to background noise. To avoid nose pollution and permit the detectability of an approaching vehicle, a method for evaluating the annoyance and detectability of an electric vehicle is required. In this paper, the whine index evaluating the whine sound masked by the background was developed and used as a sound metric. This metric was employed for the development of an annoyance index and detectability index for electric vehicles.     

某纯电动汽车用HVAC空调箱轰鸣声优化方案研究

声品质作为体现整车舒适性的一个重要指标,越来越受到人们的重视。本文针对某纯电动汽车用空调箱轰鸣声产生的机理进行了系统的分析。通过CFD仿真分析、半消音室近场测量验证、主观评价等,确定空调箱内部流道产生涡流是引起轰鸣声的主要原因。通过空调箱内部流场优化,使空调箱轰鸣声得到改善,提高了空调箱的声品质。试验验证及主观评价结果表明,此轰鸣声优化方案效果良好,具有重要的参考与指导价值。