Modeling and control strategy development of a parallel hybrid electric bus

This paper presents the system modeling, control strategy design, and experiment validation of a parallel hybrid electric bus with an automatic manual transmission (AMT) and a dry clutch. The mathematical model representation and the system architecture of the powertrain are first described. Next, a complete control scheme including energy management strategy and coordinated control of the AMT and the clutch is presented. The controller and powertrain models are then integrated in a way that the power management and the hybrid driveline perform in real world. The analysis and validation through model simulation and comparison with experiment data are conducted. A good agreement between the model and experiment demonstrates the efficacy and credibility of the integrated model. The integrated model is employed in both simulation and bench-test assessments for the development of a hybrid control unit. The results indicate that the model-based design methodology is beneficial to systematically analyzing and understanding the dynamics of hybrid electric powertrain.     

混合动力电动汽车控制策略的研究

主要讨论了并联式混合动力电动汽车的控制策略,详细阐述了控制策略的依据以及控制过程,并给出了控制策略的仿真结果。     

混合动力轿车控制策略的仿真

介绍了国家“863”计划中“十五”重大专项电动汽车项目,采用的电动汽车仿真软件ADVISOR2002,并对国内某一混合动力轿车样车的控制策略进行建模与仿真的研究工作。该车与本田公司的混合动力轿车Insight的动力系统结构相同,但是采用了不同的控制策略,因此在分析ADVISOR的Insight模型的基础上,重新设计控制策略模块并进行仿真,给出了结果和改进方案。     

微型燃气轮发电机组在混合动力电动公交车中的应用

描述了使用微型燃气轮发电机组的串联型混合动力电动公交车的国内外研究现状及其工作原理,并对微型燃气轮发电机组、储能装置和制动回收系统等混合动力电动公交车的关键技术进行了简要分析。     

Powertrain system optimization for a heavy-duty hybrid electric bus

This research concerns the design of a powertrain system for a plug-in parallel diesel hybrid electric bus equipped with a continuously variable transmission (CVT) and presents a new design paradigm for the plug-in hybrid electric bus (HEB). The criteria and method for selecting and sizing powertrain components equipped in the plug-in HEB are presented. The plug-in HEB is designed to overcome the vulnerable limitations of driving range and performance of a purely electric vehicle (EV), and it is also designed to improve the fuel economy and exhaust emissions of conventional buses and conventional HEBs. Optimization of the control strategy for the complicated and interconnected propulsion system in the plug-in parallel HEB is one of the most significant factors for achieving higher fuel economy and lower exhaust emissions in the hybrid electric vehicle (HEV). In this research, the proposed control strategy was simulated to prove its validity using the ADVISOR (advanced vehicle simulator) analysis simulation tool.     

A control strategy for parallel hybrid electric vehicles based on extremum seeking

An energy management control strategy for a parallel hybrid electric vehicle based on the extremum-seeking method for splitting torque between the internal combustion engine and electric motor is proposed in this paper. The control strategy has two levels of operation: the upper and lower levels. The upper level decision-making controller chooses the vehicle operation mode such as the simultaneous use of the internal combustion engine and electric motor, use of only the electric motor, use of only the internal combustion engine, or regenerative braking. In the simultaneous use of the internal combustion engine and electric motor, the optimum energy distribution between these two sources of energy is determined via the extremum-seeking algorithm that searches for maximum drivetrain efficiency. A dynamic programming solution is also obtained and used to form a benchmark for performance evaluation of the proposed method based on extremum seeking. Detailed simulations using a realistic model are presented to illustrate the effectiveness of the methodology.     

Simulation of a powertrain system for the diesel hybrid electric bus

The plug-in hybrid electric bus (HEB) is designed to overcome the vulnerable driving range and performance limitations of a purely electric vehicle (EV) and have an improved fuel economy and lower exhaust emissions than those of a conventional bus and convention HEBs. The control strategy of the plug-in parallel HEB??s complicated connected propulsion system is one of the most significant factors for achieving a higher fuel economy and lower exhaust emissions than those of the HEV. The proposed powertrain control strategy has flexibility in adapting to the battery??s state of charge (SOC), exhaust emissions, classified driving patterns, driving conditions, and engine temperature. Simulation is required to model hybrid powertrain systems and test and develop powertrain control strategies for the plug-in parallel HEB. This paper describes the simulation analysis tools, powertrain components?? models and modifications, simulation procedure, and simulation results.     

ISG型轻度混合动力城市公交车AMT控制策略研究

结合城市公交车的使用工况、ISG型并联式轻度混合动力城市公交车的特点、公交公司的需求等,总结了ISG型轻度混合动力城市公交车AMT控制策略的要点,并以某车型为例,具体说明了该控制策略的实施方式与效果。     

混合动力客车--绿色公交新型动力客车

本通过对混合动力客车串联、并联、混联3种基本结构形式及原理的介绿，详细分析了混合动力客车的结构特点和性能，并展望了混合动力客车的发展趋势。     

新型改装油电混合动力城市客车

1低成本油电双动力公交车项目背景 在全球环保形势日趋严峻、燃油价格不断创新高的当今世界,为了解决好燃油车低成本节能减排和用可再生低价的电能取代燃油的问题,国内外的许多汽车制造厂、公交公司都在奋力探索。由于纯电动公交车价昂贵,而且其电池有待改进、机动性较差,所以,混合动力公交车已成为近年汽车界的一个热点项目。     

混合动力电动城市客车应用研讨会在京召开

2007年3月21日,建设部主持召开了《混合动力电动城市客车》行业标准审查会,在审查组专家认真审查后,基本通过,由经编制组修改后可形成报批稿,使我们对混合动力电动城市客车的开发、设计、生产、试验有了可靠的依据.于是,建设部科技委城市车辆专家委与中国汽车工程学会电动车分会共同举办《混合动力电动城市客车应用研讨会》,是从技术上研讨混合动力电动城市客车的应用,以进一步推动我国混合动力电动城市客车的发展.     

Route adaptation of control strategies for a hybrid city bus

A series hybrid city bus with diesel engine and electric batteries is studied on a specified route. The study uses two different basic control strategies, “On/off” and “Continuous” strategy. These basic strategies are complemented in two ways. First, an “Adviser” strategy which filters the driver commands and gives driver support feedback based on the route data. Second, an “Adapter” strategy, which adapts and the control to the route, using different control depending on the vehicle present position. Simulation results are presented. They show that the adviser and adapter strategies improves both emissions and fuel consumption.     

并联混合动力公交车实际工况的试验与改进

本文提出了一种针对城市公交客车工作模式的并联式混合动力驱动系统的机电耦合方案,并以燃油经济性为主要目标,设计了该驱动系统的控制策略;基于ADVISOR2002建立了该驱动系统的仿真模型.通过仿真和试验发现问题,并提出解决方案.     

金旅混合动力公交车沪上受肯定

厦门金旅是一家以公路客车为主的企业,但近年来,金旅适时调整产品策略,在兼顾旅游和客运市场的基础上,逐步丰富公交产品,其公交客车现已能够满足大中小城市不同的需求。目前,金旅在济南、上海、大连、连云港等地的公交市场有不小斩获。     

串联混合动力客车参数选择及仿真

以某客车为原型,结合我国城市交通和公交车辆的行驶特点,在对比分析各种混合动力系统的基础上确定了混合动力公交客车的串联混合动力驱动形式,介绍了串联混合动力汽车总成参数的计算方法,最后根据计算得到的参数使用ADVISOR软件进行了性能仿真。     

深圳五洲龙混合动力客车及营运介绍

1 公司概况 深圳市五洲龙汽车有限公司是一家注册在深圳的高新技术企业,第一期项目占地10万m2,已建成集底盘、焊装、涂装、总装及测试于一体的生产线,年大客车生产能力达5000辆以上.     

Bees-algorithm-based optimization of component size and control strategy parameters for parallel hybrid electric vehicles

This paper presents the optimization of key component sizes and control strategy for parallel hybrid electric vehicles (parallel HEVs) using the bees algorithm (BA). The BA is an intelligent optimization tool that mimics the food foraging behavior of honey bees. Parallel HEV configuration and electric assist control strategy were used to conduct the research. The values of the key component size and the control strategy parameters were adjusted according to the BA to minimize the weighted sum of fuel consumption (FC) and emissions, while the vehicle performance satisfies the PNGV constraints. In this research, the software ADVISOR was used as the simulation tool, and the driving cycles FTP, ECE-EUDC and UDDS were employed to evaluate FC, emission and dynamic performance. The results demonstrate that the BA is a powerful tool in parallel HEV optimization to determine the optimal parameters of component sizes and control strategy, resulting in the improvement of FC and emissions without sacrificing vehicle performance. In addition, the BA is able to define a global solution with a high rate of convergence.     

Optimized fuzzy control strategy for a spa hybrid truck

In this paper, an optimized control strategy is proposed for a split parallel hydraulic hybrid truck. The model of the vehicle was simulated in Simulink. According to a global optimization technique, a fuzzy control strategy is developed for the vehicle. This strategy shows flexibility for different drive cycles and a desirable fuel consumption reduction, especially for a low speed drive cycle, which is extracted according to an urban utility vehicle mission.     

电动公交巴士应用刍议

针对电动汽车的特点,建立了充电安全优先,分箱充电为主,租赁体制运作,电池更换运行的纯电动巴上客车运行体系,并从延长电池使用寿命,降低电池使用成本角度总结了电池多阶运用珲论。相关理论在奥运电动客车运行中进行了实践,取得了良好效果。     

Fuzzy energy management strategy for a hybrid electric vehicle based on driving cycle recognition

By considering the effect of the driving cycle on the energy management strategy (EMS), a fuzzy EMS based on driving cycle recognition is proposed to improve the fuel economy of a parallel hybrid electric vehicle. The EMS is composed of driving cycle recognition and a fuzzy torque distribution controller. The current driving cycle is recognized by learning vector quantization in driving cycle recognition. The torque of the engine and the motor is controlled by a fuzzy torque distribution controller based on the required torque of the hybrid powertrain and the battery state of charge. The membership functions and rules of the fuzzy torque distribution controller are optimized simultaneously by using particle swarm optimization. Based on the identification results of driving cycle recognition, the fuzzy torque distribution controller selects the corresponding membership function and rule to control the hybrid powertrain. The simulation research based on ADVISOR demonstrates that this EMS improves fuel economy more effectively than fuzzy EMS without driving cycle recognition.