铁路冲击工况下罐式集装箱结构设计

近年来,随着集装箱多式联运的发展,我国铁路集装箱发送量逐年大幅上升.罐式集装箱(以下简称"罐箱")作为液体货物多式联运的主要装备,越来越多地应用到铁路运输中.铁路罐箱必须满足铁路运行工况要求,其中包括纵向冲击载荷要求和铁路冲击试验要求等.可见,满足铁路冲击工况的强度要求是铁路罐箱结构设计必须考虑的重要因素.     

20英尺罐式集装箱铁路冲击试验

正20英尺罐式集装箱(以下简称"罐箱")是国际航运市场常见的储运设备,其市场需求大,应用范围广,衍生产品种类繁多,如20英尺近海罐箱、20英尺水泥罐箱以及内装指定物料的其他20英尺罐箱等。20英尺罐箱的设计须满足:(1)ISO 1496-3/Amd.1-2006《系列1集装箱技术要求和试验方法第3部分:液体、气体和加压干散货罐式集装箱(修订1:外部约束(纵向)动态试验)》;(2)加拿大CSA B625《运送     

铁路罐式集装箱冲击试验方法

<正>近年来,我国罐式集装箱(以下简称"罐箱")运输发展迅速,满足铁路运输要求的罐箱也呈现快速增长趋势。铁路罐箱不仅须通过铁路主管部门规定的冲击试验(以下简称"铁路冲击试验"),还须通过船级社规定的冲击试验(以下简称"动态撞击试验")。本文针对不同型号和尺寸罐箱进行铁路冲击试验和动态撞击试验实例研究,分别获得两种冲击试验结果和规律,并在此基础上结合试验经验,对罐箱耐冲击设计提出建议。     

大型C型独立液货罐Y型接头疲劳强度评估

随着C型独立液货罐的新技术发展,目前在工业界推出了采用双体罐和三体罐构造形式的新颖大型C型独立液货罐。由于双体罐和三体罐构造的要求,在相邻罐体连接处设有Y型接头。该Y型接头位置处由于结构件交汇,构造复杂、应力集中,在船舶运动、蒸汽压力变化,以及温度变化的动载作用下有可能发生疲劳损伤。本文对新颖大型C型独立液货罐Y型接头疲劳强度评估方法的规范技术要求及制定开展了深入详尽的研究,包括对C型独立液货罐疲劳损伤计算工况择取,液货内部动压力计算公式推导,蒸气压力、温度变化等低周疲劳载荷模式确定等,创新提出一整套基于热点应力的C型独立液货罐Y型接头的疲劳损伤评估方法的规范实施要求。进一步地,还推导了基于一般实际情况假设下的C型独立液货罐Y型接头疲劳评估筛分准则,并应用本文上述研究成果和结论,进行了双体和三体罐Y型接头疲劳评估和筛分准则的应用与验证。     

LNG罐式集装箱水运风险识别及防控措施分析

LNG罐箱运输作为一种新型运输方式,在全球范围内得到了广泛的关注。国际上已开始对LNG罐箱运输的初步尝试,并在试点成功的基础上开展了小规模的商业化运营。近年来中国海油在LNG罐箱运输领域也开展了海上及江海联运等试点项目,并取得成功。本文在对LNG罐箱水运进行HAZID分析的基础上,对港内作业及船舶运输过程中可能遇到的风险进行了总结。LNG罐箱港内作业主要面临的风险有泄漏风险、火灾风险、机械伤害风险以及罐箱跌落风险等,船舶运输风险主要为泄漏风险、火灾风险、罐箱跌落风险、罐箱坍塌风险等。本文探讨了可能引起风险的各种原因,并从技术和管理层面分别提出了风险防控措施。     

深水FPSO上部模块抗集装箱坠落撞击结构分析

深水浮式生产储卸油装置（FPSO）上的化学药剂罐吊运作业可能引发机械碰撞损伤、环境污染等事故。按石油公司企业标准要求，对化学药剂罐坠落撞击上部模块顶层甲板和主卸货区甲板进行了定量风险分析，计算了典型撞击事件的发生概率和撞击能量。按DNV船级社规范，应用LS-DYNA 3D软件对化学药剂罐坠落撞击甲板结构进行模拟，分析甲板结构的塑性应变损伤和化学药剂罐的撞入深度，确定了甲板结构的局部加强设计方案，确保甲板下重要设备的安全。     

新型多式联运液化天然气罐式集装箱设计

液化天然气(liquefied natural gas,LNG)作为一种新兴的绿色清洁能源,其终端应用发展迅猛;但由于国内天然气供需存在区域不平衡问题,现有LNG公路运力和管道运力缺口巨大.LNG罐式集装箱(以下简称"罐箱")作为一种储运灵活的多式联运装备,在LNG铁路运输领域具有广阔的发展潜力.本文介绍一种新型铁路、公路、水路联运LNG罐箱技术参数、结构特点及试验情况,以期为相关低温罐箱产品(特别是铁路低温罐箱产品)设计提供借鉴.     

带状扫描测量技术在容量计量领域的应用

带状扫描技术是一种新型的空间测量方法,特点是利用三维测量系统在可视空间内以一定的规律逐点逐行扫描测量。采用这种技术方法,设计了一种基于全站仪的卧式罐测量技术,并分别开发了内测与外测两种技术路线。经过试验验证,该方法成功解决了卧式罐容量的自动测量问题,具有很好的应用价值。     

液化气船独立C型液罐主体材料的选择和应用

介绍C型液罐的定义和分类。根据液货的种类和液化方式,确定设计最低温度,从而选择液罐的主体材料。列举液罐的4种典型主体材料,并阐述其在工程应用中独特的使用性能和质量要求。     

内河LNG动力船换罐模式新突破

<正>近日,中国船级社（CCS）的“LNG燃料罐整体换罐模式及技术要求研究”项目的研究及其研究成果《LNG燃料罐整体换罐模式及技术要求研究报告》《船舶应用天然气燃料规范》（2021）修订建议和《LNG燃料罐整体换罐操作手册》正式通过专家评审。来自科研机构、造船企业、航运企业、设备厂家和CCS相关部门的专家一致认为,这为后续船舶规范完善和换罐模式在实际项目中的应用提供了技术支撑,对我国LNG动力船的应用推广具有重要推动作用。     

Errata

正In the paper"Influence of Fouling Assemblage on the Corrosion Behaviour of Mild Steel in the Coastal Waters of The Gulf of Mannar,India"in Vol.12,No.4,Page:509,References were lost,and the two authors’biographies were identical.The correct text is shown below.We apologize to the authors and our readers for any inconvenience caused by the errors.     

Journal of Marine Science and Application 2014 Sum. Contents

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第34届海洋、离岸及极地工程国际会议(英文)

正St.John's,Newfoundland,Canada,May 31-June 5,2015 OMAE2015 is the ideal forum for researchers,engineers,managers,technicians and students from the scientific and industrial communities from around the world to: meet and present advances in technology and its scientific support;     

联合作战计划和执行系统

全球指挥控制系统(GCCS)实施当前美国海军网络中心战信息基础设施的联合计划网络。联合作战计划和执行系统(JOPES)支持GCCS实现联合计划。JOPES有两类计划：时间不限的精密预案计划生成作战计划、方案计划或职能计划；时间敏感的危机行动计划生成作战命令或战役方案。前者在和平时期创建的作战计划是后者的计划基础，加速应付危机的能力。     

Eastbound or westbound ?

In terms of equal sailing distances, where is the inflexion when ships depart from ports in the Asian Continent to New York via Suez and/or Panama？
The answer is China South Port Group （Hong Kong, Shenzhen and Guangzhou）.     

Recent progress on wave induced loading measurements in warships

Recent measurements of wave induced hull strain and flexure in RN warships are presented together with the derivation of the current design criteria for extreme hull girder bending loads. The history of the development of the shipboard instrumentation used is given and recent developments to improve the quality and ease of analysis of the data are described. An unexpectedly high transverse asymmetry in the longitudinal strains measured in destroyers is shown to be the result of a combination of vertical and lateral bending in oblique seas. Finally recent theoretical comparisons between the loading of Deep-Vee hulls and conventional UK rounded bilge hulls are presented which demonstrate the higher loading experienced by this type of hull form.     

桥梁防撞设施物理模型试验

物理模型试验是预报防撞设施所受撞击力及优化设计方案的主要方法之一。结合杭州湾大桥柔性防撞设施及东海大桥独立式防撞体设计方案,阐述了船—防撞体撞击试验的基本原理、方法、试验方案及相关试验结果。提出了柔性防撞系统的优化方案。试验结果表明,该方案经济有效,可供预报类似桥梁防撞设施撞击力时参考。     

印尼某电厂码头水工建筑物设计

印尼某电厂项目码头水工建筑物包括码头、防波堤和护岸等主要组成部分。在该项目水工建筑物的设计过程中,综合考虑当地的自然条件、施工能力和材料来源等因素,不断优化结构选型和结构断面。根据不同使用要求,护岸分别采用直立式和斜坡式2种结构型式,推荐的设计方案节省投资、施工方便,可供同类工程设计参考。     

Impact of regulation on the performances of long-distance transport services: A comparison of the different approaches in Sweden and Norway

Despite the many socio-economic similarities between Sweden and Norway, differences in jurisdiction, organisation, cooperation, and financing of long-distance passenger train and coach services have led to the development of four distinctively different ways of serving the markets. This paper describes how the train and coach markets have developed in the two countries, with emphasis on regulatory and industrial structure and a couple of performance variables.Looking at passenger rail, both countries separated infrastructure from operation over a decade ago. However, while Norwegian rail is characterised by an almost monopoly supplier, rail services in Sweden are partly decentralised to the responsibility of county authorities and are widely subjected to competitive tendering. The rest of the network is about to be opened up for on-the-track competition. Swedish Rail (SJ) has spent the last decades consolidating its core business (passenger rail) and sold out its other businesses. In contrast, the Norwegian state rail (NSB) has expanded its business to become a major bus operator and property owner, with extensions also into the Swedish market.The coach industry was more recently deregulated in both countries. The Swedish coach market is dominated by privately owned companies operating services to and from Stockholm. In Norway, state-owned NSB is a major coach operator on medium distance routes, and is also the largest partner of Nor-Way Bussekspress which totally dominates long-distance coach services. Further, the Norwegian coach market is characterised by cross-ownership and cooperation which has enabled an extensive route network which covers most of Norway.We find distinct differences in achievements in the two modes and in the two countries. Swedish rail services have succeeded in winning market shares and in renewing and developing both infrastructure and service levels to a greater extent than the Norwegian model. On the other hand, the Norwegian coach market seems to be more developed and efficient compared to its Swedish counterpart.The paper concludes with a discussion on the possible links between the different approaches and the performance observed, with the aim to stimulate further and more detailed research on some important issues.     

开放式数据挖掘系统模型

目前国内已经出现了少量的数据挖掘相关产品。国内数据挖掘软件无论从数量还是质量上比较，都与国外软件存在着较大的差距。随着数据仓库技术的普及，数据挖掘应用的需求越来越强烈，如何缩短这种差距，研发数据挖掘软件产品成为国内业界的一个重要问题。通过引用目前国际通用数据挖掘标准技术来构建开放式的数据挖掘系统模型，该系统模型从可扩展性、可重用性、易用性等方面得到了加强。