车用多气门发动机滚流技术

车用多气门发动机滚流技术浙江大学裴普成车用多气门发动机滚流技术Ｋｅｙｗｏｒｄｓ：Ｍｕｌｔｉｖａｌｖｅｅｎｇｉｎｅ，Ｇａｓ，Ｆｌｏｗｔｈｅｏｒｙ主题词：多气门发动机，气体，流动理论１引言谈到内燃机缸内气体流动，一般都知道涡流。近几年来在英文文献中又出现...     

减振钢板在内燃机降噪中的应用

论述了降低机械结构振动的方法及常用复合减振钢板的减振机理。分析了车用内燃机结构表面振动与辐射噪声的关系，并对一台车用大功率涡轮增压中冷柴油机进行台架试验，确定了油底壳及进气管为发动机主要噪声源。通过采用减振钢板取代原普通钢板的方法，使这两部件的振动水平显著降低，发动机整机噪声也得到了改善。     

车用柴油机瞬变工况排放问题研究：瞬变工况排放测试与控制方法

本语文介绍了车用柴油机瞬态工况排放问题出来，初步探讨了我国现阶段态循环排放的研究方法。文章认为，随着排放法规愈来愈严格，瞬态排放要求必将提到议事日程，限于我国现阶段瞬态循环排放测试实施排放试验和瞬态工作过程模拟相结合的方法来研究瞬态排放性能，在一定程度上可弥补直接进行记测试的困难。文中还讨论了控制降低车用柴油机瞬态工况排放的一些措施及其效果。     

内燃机瞬态排放测试技术发展现况浅析

车用内燃机尾气排放是主要的大气污染源之一，在城市中各利车辆的工况变化频繁，加速、怠速等是比较典型工况，而瞬态过程的排放与稳态过程又有较大差距。欧Ⅲ排放法也已对此作出了规定。本文简要介绍了瞬态工况排放测量的发展现状。同时提出了现有条件下我国研究瞬态排放的一些测试方面设想     

超精细金刚石在车用内燃机磨合油中的应用研究

针对车用内燃机磨合特点，利用纳米金刚石粉的特殊性能，通过选取适当的基础油和辅助添加剂研制一种高效，专用的车用内燃机磨合油。     

基于瞬态流动测量的柴油机扫气特性研究北大核心

为了准确研究某车用重型四冲程柴油机扫气特性,首先同步进行了进气歧管、气缸内、排气歧管内的瞬态流动的高精度测量,获得了进气压力-气缸压力-排气压力的准确波形。随后分析了该车用重型柴油机全工况下的扫气特性,以及由于扫气特性不良导致的内燃机性能恶化。为进一步优化该柴油机的扫气品质,进而优化该柴油机的性能参数,采用GT-Power软件建立了该柴油机的工作过程数值模型,并结合台架试验数据进行了模型的试验验证;随后基于排气压力波波形的控制需求,完成了排气歧管长度、排气歧管直径、排气歧管长度-直径组合方式、扫气相位等对柴油机扫气特性和进气能力的影响规律的研究,并基于影响规律完成了该重型柴油机的扫气性能优化,使缸内残余废气系数降低5.37%,柴油机全工况性能得到明显提升。     

谐波进气增压控制系统的工作原理与检修

在发动机工作时,增大发动机的进气量（即提高充气效率）,可以改善发动机的动力性能。在发动机的进气行程中,气体高速流向进气门,如果此时突然关闭进气门,进气门附近的气体流动突然停止,但由于惯性作用,进气管仍在进气,于是进气门附近的气体被压缩,压力上升;当气体的惯性过后,被压缩的气体开始膨胀,并向着与进气气流相反的方向流动,压力下降,膨胀气体传到进气管口时被反射回来,形成压力波。     

内燃机工作过程多参数模拟计算研究

本文提出了一种内燃机工作过程多参数模拟计算的方法，该方法用于分析内燃机的进排气系统中气体流动，循环模拟和排气噪声计算。     

内燃机内流动的研究

较系统地从流动试验测试手段和装置、流动数值模拟3个方面叙述了目前该领域内研究的现状和发展趋势。对内燃机几种重要的流动形式的形成及其对内燃机性能的影响进行了归纳,特别是将燃油射流形成的流动作为重要的流动形式之一进行了论述;总结了内燃机流动试验研究的几种测试手段和装置;介绍了几种流动数值模拟软件及其特点。     

车用3缸汽油机进排气管的流动特性计算分析

采用一维非定常流动计算模型和程序 ,对车用 3缸汽油机的不同进排气系统流动特性进行了计算分析。计算结果表明 ,长进气支管的进气管比短进气支管的进气管的充量系数高 ,并阐明了其充气特性出现双峰现象的机理及主要影响因素 ,扩压型排气管和容器型排气管均有利于减少排气时的泵气损失     

Iterative Learning Control Algorithm for Feedforward Controller of EGR and VGT Systems in a CRDI Diesel Engine

The modern diesel engines equip the exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) system to suppress the NOx emissions. In addition, the variable geometric turbocharger (VGT) system is installed to improve the drivability and fuel efficiency. These EGR and VGT systems have cross-coupled behavior because they interact with the intake and the exhaust manifolds. Furthermore, the turbocharger time delay, gas flow dynamics through EGR pipe cause the nonlinearity characteristics. These nonlinear multi-input-multi-output characteristics cause the degradation of control accuracy, especially during the transient condition. In order to improve the control accuracy, this study proposes an iterative learning control (ILC) algorithm for feedforward controller of EGR and VGT systems. The feedforward controller obtains the values about EGR and VGT actuators using the previous control results in predefined transient states. The ILC algorithm consists of a PD-type learning function and a low-pass filter. The control gains of learning function are determined to guarantee the convergence of learning results. In addition, the low-pass filter is designed for robustness against plant disturbance. The proposed control algorithm was validated by engine experiment which repeated predefined transient states. The error was reduced by 15 % according to the gain. As a result, the proposed algorithm is affordable for improving the transient control performance.     

汽油机过渡工况进气流量的神经网络预测研究

进气流量的精确测量是车用汽油机空燃比精确控制的基础,发动机工作在过渡工况时,因进气状态变化,空气流量传感器的滞后响应影响了过渡工况空燃比的控制精度。提出了一种基于汽油机过渡工况各种参数信息融合的过渡工况进气流量预测方法,分析了影响汽油机过渡工况进气流量的各种工况参数,提取了特征参数并建立了BP神经网络信息融合预测模型。对车用汽油机加减速工况试验数据进行仿真,研究结果表明,该方法能够准确实时地预测汽油机过渡工况的进气流量,同时能够消除空气流量传感器的滞后特性。     

Adaptation Strategy for Exhaust Gas Recirculation and Common Rail Pressure to Improve Transient Torque Response in Diesel Engines

Fuel injection limitation algorithms are widely used to reduce particulate matter (PM) emissions under transient states in diesel engines. However, the limited injection quantity leads to a decrease in the engine torque response under transient states. To overcome this issue, this study proposes an adaptation strategy for exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) and common rail pressure combined with a fuel injection limitation algorithm. The proposed control algorithm consists of three parts: fuel injection limitation, EGR adaptation, and rail pressure adaptation. The fuel injection quantity is limited by adjusting the exhaust burned gas rate, which is predicted based on various intake air states like air mass flow and EGR mass flow. The control algorithm for EGR and rail pressure was designed to manipulate the set-points of the EGR and rail pressure when the fuel injection limitation is activated. The EGR controller decreases the EGR gas flow rate to rapidly supply fresh air under transient states. The rail pressure controller increases the rail pressure set-point to generate a well-mixed air-fuel mixture, resulting in an enhancement in engine torque under transient states. The proposed adaptation strategy was validated through engine experiments. These experiments showed that PM emissions were reduced by up to 11.2 %, and the engine torque was enhanced by 5.4 % under transient states compared to the injection limitation strategy without adaptation.     

涡轮增压柴油机废气再循环系统的发展

概述了世界各国涡轮增压柴油机运用废气再循环 (EGR)技术降低排放的发展状况 ,介绍并比较了内部EGR系统、在进排气管装有节流阀的EGR系统、对废气加压的EGR系统、装文曲利管的EGR系统、利用进排气管的压力波动的EGR系统以及有变截面涡轮等典型的废气再循环系统。指出应针对不同的排放法规采取相应的EGR措施。     

混合器优化设计

分析了天然气发动机空气和天然气在混合器内的流动规律，建立了混合气流量与混合器喉口面积、入口角度间的数学模型；并对数学模型进行优化求解；通过发动机台架试验验证了优化模型能使天然气发动机的功率损失降到最低。并论述了天然气发动机的改进方案。     

热流耦合长瞬态计算方法研究及其在汽车热保护中的应用

以某轿车为研究对象,以油箱及排气管吊耳温度问题为例,建立了包含车身、排气管、油箱及其隔热罩等数据的3D数值计算模型,利用热流耦合长瞬态计算方法对一典型坡道工况进行计算,计算结果与试验结果吻合较好。该计算方法能有效实现整车长瞬态热保护模拟计算,缩短开发周期,降低开发成本。     

进气系统声学性能优化的试验研究

针对某款即将量产的国产SUV进气噪声过高的问题,通过试验的方法对进气系统进行了低噪声优化。结合整车节气门全开工况进气噪声道路试验结果,针对噪声突出的频率成分设计了内插管,有效降低了全转速段的进气噪声。同时通过试验的方法探讨了在引气管上开孔对进气噪声的影响,发现开孔后进气系统的传递损失和消声量都有不同程度的提升,发动机台架试验也表明在引气管上开孔能够有效降低进气噪声。     

电喷发动机怠速游车的故障分析

以电子燃油喷射发动机怠速控制理论为基础，结合一辆丰田CAMRY怠速游车严重，一辆三菱PAJERO越野车加速无力、怠速游车且游车时车速变化较为缓慢，一辆三菱PAJERO越野车怠速不稳、排气管冒黑烟等故障实例，详细分析了进气系统、供油系统、点火系统、电控系统工作状况对车辆怠速游车的影响。     

Measurement of hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions during the starting of automotive DI Diesel engines

Most of hydrocarbon (HC) and carbon monoxide (CO) emissions from automotive DI Diesel engines are produced during the engine warm-up period and are primarily caused by difficulties in obtaining stable and efficient combustion under these conditions. Furthermore, the contribution of engine starting to these emissions is not negligible; since this operating condition is highly unfavorable for the combustion progress. Additionally, the catalytic converter is ineffective due to the low engine temperature. In conjunction with adequate engine settings (fuel injection and fresh air control), either the glow plugs or the intake air heater are activated during a portion of the engine warm-up period, so that a nominal engine temperatures is reached faster, and the impact of these difficulties is minimized. Measurement of gaseous pollutants during engine warm-up is currently possible with detectors used in standard exhaust gas analyzers (EGA), which have response times well-suited for sampling at such transient conditions. However, these devices are not suitable for the measurement of exhaust emissions produced during extremely short time intervals, such as engine starting. Herein, we present a methodology for the measurement of the cumulative pollutant emissions during the starting phase of passenger car DI Diesel engines, with the goal of overcoming this limitation by taking advantage of standard detectors. In the proposed method, a warm canister is filled with an exhaust gas sample at constant volumetric flow, during a time period that depends on the engine starting time; the gas concentration in the canister is later evaluated with a standard EGA. When compared with direct pollutant measurements performed with a state-of-art EGA, the proposed procedure was found to be more sensitive to combustion changes and provided more reliable data.