浅析水上交道肇事逃逸犯罪行为若干问题

本文在概述水上交通肇事逃逸犯罪行为的概念及法律特征的基础上,着重论述水上交通肇事逃逸犯罪行为的移送机关为公安机关,移送时间为事故调查结束后,并认为对水上交通肇事逃逸犯罪行为仍应进行行政处罚。     

肇事逃逸船舶的认定

从近几年来海事部门发出的各种类型的协查来看，肇事逃逸案件占的比例较大，特别是商、渔船舶碰撞事故占绝大多数。这类海事往往造成大量的人身伤亡及财产损失，而因肇事船舶逃逸不履行法定救助义务的行为而导致错过最佳救助时机，进而进一步扩大了碰撞的损失。如何认定肇事逃逸船舶，进而要求其履行相应的法定义务，承担相应的法律后果，保障受害人员及其家属的合法权益就显得十分重要。     

对水上交通事故肇事逃逸当事人责任划分的思考

对水上交通事故肇事逃逸当事人如何划分责任,交通运输部海事局以规范性文件的形式进行了规定,但该文件的法律效力却备受各界质疑,拟从法律推定和事实推定的角度对该问题进行分析。     

浅析"7.20"碰撞事故的成因与预防

自由裁量权的概念及分类自由裁量权是指国家行政机关在法律、法规规定的原则和范围内有选择余地的处置权力。这些自由裁量权是从法学意义上说的。它是行政机关及其工作人员在行政执法活动中客观存在的,由法律、法规授予的职权。根据现行行政法律、法规的规定,可将自由裁量权归纳为以下几种:     

浅谈遏制海事肇事逃逸行为的制度健全

从法律的层面分析该行为的民事责任和刑事责任,在海事管理的制度上和立法方面提出一些建议,就如何遏制海事肇事逃逸行为作粗浅的探讨。     

浅谈遏制海事肇事逃逸行为的制度健全

从法律的层面分析该行为的民事责任和刑事责任,在海事管理的制度上和立法方面提出一些建议,就如何遏制海事肇事逃逸行为作粗浅的探讨。     

海事责令行为的法律属性研究

文中梳理汇总了法律、行政法规中关于责令行为的规定,对其法律属性提出观点,并对规范海事责令行为提出相关意见和建议。     

一起外轮肇事逃逸案件调查的相关启示

众所周知,肇事逃逸船舶对国家、社会的稳定造成严重危害,对人命、财产构成严重威胁。同时,对主管机关海事部门的行政资源造成极大浪费。由于海上通航环境的复杂性,加之肇事逃逸船舶及事故当事人大多存在侥幸心理,使得肇事逃逸屡屡发生。为了提高水上交通事故肇事逃逸船舶破案率,有效打击惩罚肇事逃逸船舶,以保障水上正常的通航秩序,构建平安海域,文中以近期发生的一艘肇事逃逸船舶的成功查处情况为例,与各位同仁交流,供参考借鉴。     

论我国沿海航标法规体系的应然状态

文中通过梳理和总结国际上有关航标规制以及发达国家航标法律制度,查找出我国在航标规制在立法内容方面的缺陷,并对航标立法提出建议。初步构建包括法律、行政法规、部门规章、规范性文件等面内容的沿海航标法规体系,为我国建立健全航标规制及标准体系提供参考。     

论海事立法的规范化

一、海事立法的含义 海事立法是指海事管理机构参与海事法律、行政法规、规章、地方性法规及规章制定工作，以及海事管理机构制定海事规范化文件的工作。按照我国宪法和《立法法》有关立法权限的规定．全国人大和人大常委会行使国家立法权，制定和修改法律（第七条）．国务院行使行政立法权，根据宪法和法律，制定和修改行政法规（第五十六条）．国务院部委根据法律和国务院的行政法规、决定、命令，在本部门的权限范围内制定规章（第七十一条）。     

集装箱港区土地集约利用

针对集装箱港区陆域土地集约化利用问题,结合行业规范、相关规划布置理论,采用数值计算、估算、统计相结合的方法,提出了一种用于港区陆域面积估算的公式。选取国内部分港区进行验证,基于假设的计算结果与实际用地面积相比偏差在-19. 63%～24. 08%,其中总偏差在15%、10%、5%以内的数量分别占样本总数量的80%、71%和43%,验证了公式的有效性。基于公式参数讨论和典型港区共性因素分析,认为港区陆域土地集约利用可采取以下措施:提高设备覆盖率,提高水-水中转比例,布置自动化堆场,采用新一代信息技术提高货物周转速度,布置集约化辅助生产设施,优化道路系统减少道路面积占比等。     

大力推进信息化建设 提升企业综合竞争力

结合企业计算机应用的实际,以及造船生产劳动强度大、劳动环境恶劣、船用配件和材料种类繁多等特点,介绍在造船工业中,将设计、制造、管理等集为一体纳入计算机综合管理的集成系统,目的在于寻求一种采用计算机技术挖掘企业内部潜力,提高工作效率、推进企业信息化、加快企业生产和管理现代化、提升企业综合竞争力的新途径。     

Disused shrimp ponds: Options for redevelopment of mangroves

Associated with the rapid increase in the production of cultured marine shrimp has been large‐scale conversion of mangroves to shrimp ponds. Production in many regions has proved to be unsustainable, largely due to inappropriate construction methods, poor environmental conditions, overstocking, and disease. A number of shrimp ponds consequently are unproductive and lie idle. Accurate assessments of pond disuse are difficult to obtain; however, unofficial estimates have suggested that as many as 70% of ponds may be disused after a period in production. Pond construction, shrimp culture, and pond disuse lead to alterations to the physical and chemical properties of soil, hydrological conditions, and the flora and fauna composition of the pond area. The case for restoration, or rehabilitation to a sustainable use, is strong. Consideration must be given to the causes of production failure, the environmental conditions remaining following disuse, the needs and preferences of pond owners and coastal managers, and technical constraints.     

Quantifying uncertainty in high-resolution coupled hydrodynamic-ecosystem models

Marine ecosystem models are becoming increasingly complex and sophisticated, and are being used to estimate the effects of future changes in the earth system with a view to informing important policy decisions. Despite their potential importance, far too little attention has been, and is generally, paid to model errors and the extent to which model outputs actually relate to real-world processes. With the increasing complexity of the models themselves comes an increasing complexity among model results. If we are to develop useful modelling tools for the marine environment we need to be able to understand and quantify the uncertainties inherent in the simulations. Analysing errors within highly multivariate model outputs, and relating them to even more complex and multivariate observational data, are not trivial tasks. Here we describe the application of a series of techniques, including a 2-stage self-organising map (SOM), non-parametric multivariate analysis, and error statistics, to a complex spatio-temporal model run for the period 1988–1989 in the Southern North Sea, coinciding with the North Sea Project which collected a wealth of observational data. We use model output, large spatio-temporally resolved data sets and a combination of methodologies (SOM, MDS, uncertainty metrics) to simplify the problem and to provide tractable information on model performance. The use of a SOM as a clustering tool allows us to simplify the dimensions of the problem while the use of MDS on independent data grouped according to the SOM classification allows us to validate the SOM. The combination of classification and uncertainty metrics allows us to pinpoint the variables and associated processes which require attention in each region. We recommend the use of this combination of techniques for simplifying complex comparisons of model outputs with real data, and analysis of error distributions.     

Perceptions of Threats Facing Cabo de Palos - Islas Hormigas MPA and Potential Solutions

Many marine protected areas (MPAs) face a multitude of threats to the ecosystems that they have been established to conserve. This study is based on 111 interviews conducted in 2013–2014 designed to discover the perceptions of stakeholders about the threats, the causes of the threats, and their responses to the threats, to a well-established MPA – Cabo de Palos - Islas Hormigas (CPH-MPA). This MPA was created to safeguard fisheries and the associated artisanal fishers, but over time it has become a tourism “hotspot.” Resilience theory, which incorporates ecological resilience, social resilience, and individual resilience, helps us to analyze stakeholders' responses to threats by categorizing them into passive, adaptive, and transformative responses. We found respondents identified four main threats – over-fishing, excessive scuba diving, pollution, and invasive species; attributed the threats to three main causes – ineffective management, poor environmental stewardship, and climate change; and expressed three kinds of responses – do nothing, adapt, or transform – with a preference for adaptation and (especially) transformation. The lesson of this study is that it shows how, unless drastic action is taken to curb recreational diving activities, the CPH-MPA is in danger of changing from a fishing reserve to a largely unregulated leisure diving venue, which is unlikely to fulfill the requirements of resilience; ecological, social, or individual.     

船体零部件标准化设计思路

为了提高造船效率、降低造船成本、提高造船质量,造船行业需要引入先进的智能制造理念。船舶制造作为典型的离散型制造行业,其传统的船舶设计、制造模式在一定程度上限制了智能制造技术的大范围推广应用,从船体零部件标准化设计角度,研究如何利用标准化设计手段来扩大船厂智能制造应用范围和场景。形成船体零部件标准化、批量化设计原则和标准,达到降低船舶智能制造技术难度,最终实现船舶制造向连续型生产模式转变的目的。     

大型水面舰艇生命力快速评估方法研究

大型水面舰艇的生命力评估对于预见风险,采取措施减小生命力损失,提高作战能力具有重要意义。针对其体积庞大的特点,从强度角度入手采用类似于损管的分块方法,将主船体分为若干区域,沿船长及高度方向设定不同分块的参数。随机模拟被击中的位置以及武器数量和种类,计算相应情况下的破坏程度。设立评判准则分析生命力损失的情况,并且计算发生概率。通过以上措施,初步形成了快速评估生命力的方法,可以迅速地对大型水面舰艇的生命力状况做出估计,便于软件实现和应用。     

风电平台分段吊装计算新方法

以某国内大型风电平台上层建筑分段吊装为例，对新设计的一体式上层建筑分段进行吊装方案编制并借助有限元计算软件进行方案校核。在吊装计算中，主要从2个方面进行考虑：一是如何高质量地完成计算分析，保证计算符合实际情况，得到真实的结构响应；二是对吊装布置和加强方案进行分析，根据有限元分析结果为基地建造部门提出建议，保证吊装方案科学合理。给出一种新的有限元分析方法，并比较其与常规方法的加载方式。比较2种方法的计算结果，验证新方法可真实有效地模拟吊装的受力情况。分析结果可为造船企业今后提升海洋平台建造分段吊装工艺水平提供参考和借鉴。     

Attitudes toward Participation in Cooperative Coastal Management: Four European Case Studies

Findings are reported of the VALCOAST project that had as one of its research objectives to ascertain: (a) stakeholder willingness to participate and cooperate in coastal management (CM), given local and national CM practices; and (b) stakeholder assessment of the "accessibility" and "friendliness" of current CM processes. The project involved case studies and stakeholder interviews in Belgium, Greece, Spain, and the UK. Major findings include: (1) most stakeholders are willing to cooperate in three out of the four case areas, but not to the same extent; (2) the participating "officials" in the case studies are expecting the stakeholders to be less willing to cooperate than the latter indicate; (3) stakeholders in all case studies do not expect to be heard by those responsible for CM, find it difficult to learn about the relevant institutional arrangements, and consider the communication of the objectives and anticipated impacts of CM policies to be inadequate. It is concluded that the strong evidence of stakeholders' potential willingness to cooperate in local initiatives is very encouraging for a devolved, regional approach to European Union coastal management policies, provided that this potential is capitalized upon in such policy processes.     

叉车技术的发展趋势

现代叉车技术发展的主要趋势是,充分考虑舒适性、安全可靠性和可维护性,产品专业化、系列化、多样化,大量应用新技术,完善操控系统,重视节能和环保,全面提升产品的性能和品质.