超深水钻井船波浪载荷计算分析

为了准确评估钻井船的波浪载荷,应用三维线性势流理论,结合北大西洋波浪散布图,对某钻井船进行波浪载荷长短期预报,对比分析同概率水平下波浪载荷的长短期预报极值,波浪弯矩直接计算值与挪威船级社规范值比较表明,同概率水平下,波浪载荷的短期预报极值稍大于长期统计极值。对于该型工程船舶,应采用直接计算法来评估波浪载荷。     

穿梭油船波浪载荷直接计算分析

为准确评估穿梭油船的波浪载荷,应用基于RANKINE源的三维线性时域波浪载荷计算方法,对一艘穿梭油船进行波浪载荷计算分析,根据北大西洋波浪散布图,对波浪载荷进行长期预报,计算得到不同超越概率下的波浪载荷长期预报极值。并且与DNV GL规范计算值进行比较,对比结果表明:对于该型船舶规范计算不能得到合理的波浪载荷,应该采用直接计算法来评估此类船舶的波浪载荷。     

三体船垂向波浪载荷预报

以一艘三体船为例,采用基于三维线性势流理论的流体动力计算程序,进行船体波浪载荷的长期预报,并将波浪载荷的长期预报值与英国劳氏船级社三体船规范计算值进行比较分析。结果表明,在现有条件下预报结果具有一定的准确性,可用于指导船体初步结构设计。     

浅水超大型FPSO波浪弯矩设计值与不同水深预报值的比较

针对水深对浅水超大型FPSO波浪诱导载荷的影响,在国际船级社协会(IACS)纵向强度标准的基础上,探讨了不同水深波浪诱导弯矩的长期预报值与波浪弯矩设计值的关系.开发了基于有限水深复合格林函数波浪诱导弯矩数值计算程序模块,对一艘300K DWT FPSO在不同水深海况下的波浪诱导载荷进行了长期预报.研究结果表明,水深对波浪弯矩设计值的影响很大.     

江海直达散货船波浪载荷直接计算

采用SESAM软件系统,根据中国沿海波浪散布图,对江海直达散货船的波浪载荷进行短期预报和长期预报,对波浪诱导载荷响应及主要载荷参数的长期预报值进行分析,波浪载荷长期预报极值与海船规范计算值比较表明,规范计算公式无法对其波浪载荷作出合理评估,对于此类船型的波浪载荷应用直接计算法计算。     

船体结构强度评估的线性设计波法研究

针对不适用规范公式计算船体波浪载荷的特殊船型,以一艘浮式生产储油船(FPSO)为例,介绍了一种长期预报设计波法,使用该设计波法确定了FPSO的波浪载荷长期预报极值和设计波波浪参数。同时,与规范计算公式及非线性修正后得到的波浪载荷进行比较分析。最后,利用设计波载荷计算结果,对该FPSO的船体结构强度进行评估。分析结果表明,使用长期预报设计波法计算FPSO的波浪载荷具有一定的合理性,其船体结构强度符合规范要求。     

片体间距对SWATH船横向波浪载荷的影响

小水线面双体船独特的片体结构使横向波浪载荷成为其最危险的波浪载荷。在小水线面双体船设计初期,片体间距的确定十分重要。本文根据工程中某小水线面双体船的相关资料,对其正常装载状态、满载状态和最大排水状态3种装载状态进行波浪载荷预报。采用三维频域计算方法,对不同片体间距的小水线面双体船进行波浪载荷预报,给出各横向波浪载荷分量的RAO值和长短期预报值,并将波浪载荷的长期预报值与ABS和CCS中载荷的规范值进行比较。通过比较不同片体间距小水线面双体船的载荷预报值,得到小水线面双体船片体间距对其波浪载荷的影响特性,为小水线面双体船的初步设计提供依据。     

片体间距对SWATH船横向波浪载荷的影响

小水线面双体船独特的片体结构使横向波浪载荷成为其最危险的波浪载荷.在小水线面双体船设计初期,片体间距的确定十分重要.本文根据工程中某小水线面双体船的相关资料,对其正常装载状态、满载状态和最大排水状态3种装载状态进行波浪载荷预报.采用三维频域计算方法,对不同片体间距的小水线面双体船进行波浪载荷预报,给出各横向波浪载荷分量的RAO值和长短期预报值,并将波浪载荷的长期预报值与ABS和CCS中载荷的规范值进行比较.通过比较不同片体间距小水线面双体船的载荷预报值,得到小水线面双体船片体间距对其波浪载荷的影响特性,为小水线面双体船的初步设计提供依据.     

最大熵原理在船舶波浪载荷理性预报中的应用

本文介绍最大熵原理及其在船舶波浪载荷理性预报中的应用,详细地叙述了船舶随机波浪弯矩概率密度函数的求取原理与方法,通过二个实际船舶的例子,给出了这二艘船舶随机波浪弯矩概率密度函数及其统计推断值,显现出波浪载荷的理性预报方法及其最大熵方法的良好应用前景.     

第七代超深水钻井船环境烈度因子研究

介绍了钻井船环境烈度因子的计算方法及其在结构设计上的应用,以第七代超深水钻井船为例对环境烈度因子的应用方法与原理进行阐述。基于波浪载荷直接计算方法,分别计算第七代超深水钻井船在北大西洋与指定作业地点两种环境条件下的波浪载荷长短期响应,最后得到典型钻井船环境烈度因子,对算得的钻井船环境烈度因子结果进行分析,确定钻井船结构设计的控制工况。     

滚装重荷载应急卸载过程的浮基多体系统动力学分析

在救灾和战争等非常情况下，利用中小型近海滚装渡轮或改装后的渔轮渡海输送重荷载，具有可征用船只数量多和装卸载不依赖吊装设备等优点。缺乏港口屏蔽的海浪环境中重荷载进行滚动卸载时，必须考虑波浪对船的作用和重荷载与船的相互作用。本文通过对船在波浪中所受表观重力和表观浮力的分析，导出波浪作用力矩的计算公式。运用浮基多体系统动力学方法，建立波浪-浮基-重荷载系统的动力学方程。使用标准的龙格-库塔四阶方法进行数值积分求解。考虑海况、船型和重荷载在船上运动参数等因素，计算了各工况下的横摇运动响应。进而给出了重荷载安全快速卸载的驾驶操作要求及相关运动规律。     

小水线面双体船波浪载荷水弹性分析

三维水弹性力学将结构分析的有限元方法与围绕柔性体的势流理论结合起来,为在波浪中航行或驻立的复杂结构的运动和内力分析提供了一个流固耦合的统一分析方法,也为小水线面双体船的分析提供了有效的分析工具.文中将水弹性力学方法和谱分析方法相结合,对1 100吨SWATH船进行波浪载荷预报,并将计算结果与水池模型试验数据及国外相关资料进行了对比,说明了水弹性分析方法对于SWATH设计的合理性.     

船舶波浪载荷短期极值的经验公式

对散货船、油船、集装箱船的多艘实船进行了短期波浪载荷直接计算,分析了这三种船型的船舯垂向弯矩、L/4(L为船长)处垂向剪力、3L/4处垂向剪力的若干规律,以及集装箱船型的扭矩、船舯水平弯矩的若干规律.根据这些规律,总结出一套针对特定船型的短期波浪载荷极值的完整计算公式.     

大开口型船舶波浪诱导载荷研究

通过对某５万ｔ级大开口型船舶的各种波浪诱导载荷长期预报，详细讨论了不同波浪散布图、装载工况、航速、水动力计算理论和短峰波对波浪诱导载荷长期预报极值的影响，指出了一些值得注意的问题，以期对类似船型的液体波浪诱导载荷预报提供有用的参考。     

Uncertainties estimates of hull girder still water loads of bulk and dry cargo ships through Monte Carlo simulations

This paper deals with the estimate of uncertainties affecting still water hull girder loads of bulk and dry cargo ships. In strength assessment of ships, two main categories of acting loads are considered: still water loads and wave induced ones. While the latter are generally defined bearing in mind their stochastic nature, this is not the case for still water loads, which are basically deterministically considered. The underlying assumption is that there is an overall control of the operational profile during the service of a ship. However, this is not the case in actual fact, especially for general dry cargo ships and bulk carriers, since the loading/unloading process cannot be fully controlled by the crew, often resulting into loading conditions rather different from those planned by the designer. Based on an earlier work, where loading conditions of the above-mentioned ship types were statistically analyzed, in the present paper Monte Carlo simulations are used to estimate the uncertainties affecting the hull girder still water loads of ships in service, showing that their allowable values can be exceeded due to inaccuracies in ship and cargo management.     

3-D computational method of wave loads on turret moored FPSO tankers

A three-dimensional method of calculating wave loads of turret moored FPSO (Floating Production Storage and Offloading) tankers is presented. The linearized restoring forces acting on the ship hull by the mooring system are calculated according to the catenary theory, which are expressed as the function of linear stiffness coefficients and the displacements of the upper ends of mooring chains. The hydrodynamic coefficients of the ship are calculated by the three-dimensional potential flow theory of the linear hydrodynamic problem for ships with a low forward speed. The equations of ship motions are established with the effect of the restoring forces from the mooring system included as linear stiffness coefficients. The equations of motions are solved in frequency domain, and the responses of wave-induced motions and loads on the ship can be obtained. A computer program based on this method has been developed, and some calculation examples are illustrated. Analysis results show that the method can give satisfying prediction of wave loads.     

Fatigue damage calculation for oil tanker and container ship structures

The fatigue behaviour of longitudinal stiffeners of oil tankers and container ships, subjected to dynamic loads, is analysed. The following dynamic load components are considered: hull girder vertical wave bending moment, alone and combined with the horizontal wave bending moment, hydrodynamic pressure and inertial forces caused by cargo acceleration.

The spectral method was selected to calculate the fatigue damage, based on S—N curves and Miner's rule. Following this approach, the fatigue damage may be calculated as a function of a stress parameter Ω_p, which represents the cumulative effect of wave induced loads in the unit of time and incorporates the combined effects of stress level and its occurring frequency.

Simple formulas for Ω_p of oil tankers and container ships are given, obtained from the results of hydrodynamic analyses performed on several ships, in different wave environments.

Several examples show the applicability of the methods to real ship structures. The method, however, still needs to be calibrated because of the simplifying hypotheses introduced in the loading conditions.     

集装箱船整船结构三维有限元强度分析方法研究

以3800TEU集装箱为例,用二维切片理论进行了波浪长期预报,并在此基础上导出等效波组,在整船结构有限元模型上计算船体结构在各等效波上的变形和应力分布。文中叙述的整船结构有限元分析方法,也可以用于其他类型船的整船结构分析。     

A practical method for torsional strength assessment of container ship structures

Container ship structures are characterized by large hatch openings. Due to this structural property, they are subject to large diagonal deformations of hatch openings and warping stresses under complex torsional moments in waves. This necessitates torsional strength assessment of hull girder of container ships in their structural design stage. In this paper, a practical method for torsional strength assessment of container ship structures with transparent and consistent background is discussed based on the results from up-to-date analyses. In order to estimate the torsional response characteristics as accurately as possible, three-dimensional Rankine source method, after being validated by tank tests, is employed for estimation of wave loads on a container ship, and FE analyses are conducted on the entire-ship model under the estimated loads. Then, a dominant regular wave condition under which the torsional response of the container ship becomes maximum is specified. Design loads for torsional strength assessment that give torsional response equivalent to the long-term predicted values of torsional response are investigated based on the torsional moments on several container ships under the specified dominant wave condition. An appropriate combination of stress components to estimate the total hull girder stress is also discussed.     

特定航线江海通航船波浪载荷研究

为了能对江海通航船型的结构强度进行合理评估,根据载荷第一原则,按特定航线所在的E1海区的波浪统计资料,对该海区船舶的波浪载荷进行了系统研究,并给出了航行于该海区江海通航船的波浪附加弯矩、波浪附加剪力、波浪水平弯矩及波浪扭矩的长期预报值.本文的研究结果已纳入中国船级社《特定航线江海通航船检验指南》中,对特定航线江海通航船的发展起到了积极的推进作用.