深水SOR立管触地区域管土作用研究进展

钢悬链线立管作为一种全新的深水立管系统已经在国外多个项目中应用,总结了有关深水钢悬链线立管触地区域管土相互作用的研究进展,主要包括STRIDE和CARISIMA工业合作计划的研究数据和其他的相关论文,能够为国内深水钢悬链线立管的研究提供参考．     

深水钢悬链立管弃管回收技术研究

阐述深水钢悬链立管安装中的弃管回收工艺,采用理论分析和数值分析相结合的方法,对深水钢悬链立管安装中的弃管回收进行分析.基于经典悬链线理论,编制钢悬链立管弃管回收分析软件SCRCOV,针对1500m水深和10 in SCR制定弃管回收方案,经商业软件ORCAFLEX验证,自编软件计算结果是准确的.     

钢悬链线立管监测预警系统研究

为了实时监测钢悬链线立管关键位置的运动、应变,对深水钢悬链线立管(SCR)实时监测预警系统进行研究.该系统主要包括数据处理中心的开发及水下传感器的研制,能够在运营期有效评估其疲劳寿命及剩余强度,进而及时预警其运营风险,指导现场操作人员的检测和维修,有助于深水SCR监测预警系统的国产化.     

深水钢悬链立管安装设计分析

钢悬链立管在墨西哥海域、西非等地深海油气田开发中,得到了广泛的应用。基于钢悬链立管的S型铺设,将钢悬链立管的整个安装过程分成三个不同阶段:立管铺设阶段、立管提升阶段以及立管移管阶段。结合实际深水工程案例,应用Orcaflex对钢悬链立管整个安装过程做动态分析,校核钢悬链立管在整个安装过程中的强度。     

深水钢悬链线立管非线性动力分析

钢悬链线立管是近年来国内外发展起来的一种新型深水立管系统,由于成本低、对浮体运动有较大适应性,且耐高温高压环境而受到广泛关注。本文主要对钢悬链线立管的运动进行了时域模拟,采用三维集中质量法建立了深海立管模型,考虑重力、浮力、流体拖曳力、张力、惯性力、剪切、弯曲刚度及海床作用的影响。分别用Newton-Raphson和Newmark-β数值方法求解立管的静态、动态特性。主要分析了钢悬链线立管的构型、张力、剪力和弯矩特性,分析了系缆在顶端不同幅值不同频率激励下疲劳特征点的有效张力变化趋势,对比分析了剪切、弯曲刚度对钢悬链立管顶端张力产生的影响。     

深水钢悬链线立管顺流向非线性动力分析

深水钢悬链线立管在外部流体作用下的动力响应在立管的性能优化设计中是非常重要的.文章考虑了深水钢悬链线立管轴向大应变的特性以及弯曲刚度和内流的影响,利用Hamilton原理和拉格朗日应变理论建立了立管的二维动力学模型.将外部流体的非线性作用力用Morison方程表示,通过Hermite插值函数对动力学方程进行离散,采用平均加速度法求解立管的动力响应.探讨了外部流体的非线性作用力对海洋立管顺流向动力响应的影响以及不同流速和拖曳力系数与海洋立管共振响应幅值的关系.     

深水钢悬链立管工程临界评估关键参数敏感性分析研究

工程临界评估（engineering critical assessment, ECA）的目的是确认缺陷的严重程度,以避免在工程安装和操作阶段因承受极端载荷或疲劳而导致不稳定断裂（和泄漏）。论文针对钢悬链立管工程设计中焊接检验可接受的缺陷开展ECA方法的研究,重点分析ECA方法中关键参数对评估结果的敏感性。针对工程实际中1 500m水深18英寸钢悬链立管,基于敏感性研究结果提出适用于工程设计的ECA参数确定原则和缺陷疲劳扩展曲线使用原则,为深水钢悬链线立管的工程设计提供参考。     

深水钢悬链立管J型铺设研究

J型铺管法具有先天的深水适应性,已广泛应用于深海水域的管道铺设作业,而我国对深水管道J型铺设的研究仍处于起步阶段。本文以作为深水开发首选立管形式的钢悬链立管为研究对象,应用Orcaflex软件对立管J型铺设过程做动态分析,校核内容包括最大弯曲应力、最大等效应力及有效张力。将铺管过程分3个阶段进行立管J型铺设强度分析,得到立管受力最大铺设阶段。针对受力最大阶段,进行立管作业窗口分析,得到满足立管使用条件的环境参数。本文所开展的深水钢悬链立管J型铺设研究对推进我国深水铺管技术的发展具有实际工程意义。     

钢悬链线立管延长使用寿命方案研究

通过对南海某在位半潜平台钢悬链线立管的疲劳分析,确定了触泥点和平台悬挂点为立管疲劳损伤的关键区域,在此基础上提出了半潜平台移位、改变立管长度和增加立管浮力3种立管延寿方案。对这3种方案进行了强度和疲劳分析。结果表明,3种方案均可将立管疲劳寿命延长一倍,并同时满足极限海况下的强度要求。对3种方案进行敏感性分析,得出了各方案的有效性和适用性,可为深水钢悬链线立管延寿方案设计提供参考。     

缓波形钢悬链立管时域动力与疲劳分析

为研究缓波形钢悬链立管相对于简单钢悬链立管在运动、强度及疲劳等性能方面的变化,并充分考虑与其强度及疲劳特性有关的影响因素,以进一步提升其工作的安全性,基于悬链线法和集中质量法对缓波形钢悬链立管进行静力、动力分析,利用S-N曲线法对其进行疲劳分析,将缓波形钢悬链立管动态运动计算结果、强度及疲劳特性与简单钢悬链立管进行对比,探讨总结了不同立管设计参数对其运动特性的影响规律。     

深水管中管钢悬链线立管的非线性动力分析

立管技术是深水资源开发的关键技术之一。管中管钢悬链线立管具有同心的外管与内管，其外管提供机械保护，内管提供油气通道，内、外管之间按照一定的距离安装扶正器以保护绝热材料，在深水油气开发中具有较大的应用价值。充分考虑在位立管承受的复杂载荷条件泡括动边界、波浪与海流载荷、立管自重、海水浮力、管内外静压力），以及整体和局部非线性因素（包括摩擦、滑移、接触、间隙等），采用时域有限元软件ABAQUS实现管中管钢悬链线立管的建模与非线性动力分析。     

考虑内流和海床作用的柔性立管和钢悬链线立管非线性分析(英文)

Flexible risers and steel catenary risers often provide unique riser solutions for today’s deepwater field development. Accurate analysis of these slender structures, in which there are high-speed HP/HT internal flows, is critical to ensure personnel and asset safety. In this study, a special global coordinate-based FEM rod model was adopted to identify and quantify the effects of internal flow and hydrostatic pressure on both flexible and deepwater steel catenary risers, with emphasis on the latter. By incorporating internal flow induced forces into the model, it was found that the internal flow contributes a new term to the effective tension expression. For flexible risers in shallow water, internal flow and hydrostatic pressure made virtually no change to effective tension by merely altering the riser wall tension. In deep water the internal pressure wielded a dominant role in governing the riser effective tension and furthering the static configuration, while the effect of inflow velocity was negligible. With respect to the riser seabed interaction, both the seabed support and friction effect were considered, with the former modeled by a nonlinear quadratic spring, allowing for a consistent derivation of the tangent stiffness matrix. The presented application examples show that the nonlinear quadratic spring is, when using the catenary solution as an initial static profile, an efficient way to model the quasi-Winkler-type elastic seabed foundation in this finite element scheme.     

钢悬链线立管整体干涉分析研究

深水海洋立管具有柔性,特别是极端海况条件下,相邻立管之间可能发生互相干涉而增大立管的应力,从而影响其疲劳寿命.钢悬链线立管相比顶张力立管,有效张力较小,对环境载荷作用更加敏感,更容易发生碰撞.基于动力学分析软件OrcaFlex建立有限元模型,从允许碰撞的角度出发,对串列布置于张力腿平台上的两根钢悬链线立管进行整体碰撞分析,研究立管间距、尾流模型、拖曳力系数、海流流速和柔性接头刚度对立管碰撞的影响,阐述对碰撞范围、上下游立管相对运动速度、最大碰撞速度和最大碰撞能量的影响规律,为实际工程中立管的空间布置和结构优化设计提供参考.     

钢悬链式立管涡激振动疲劳损伤参数分析

针对钢悬链式立管的结构特性,采用了简化后的振动模型。先对立管进行了模态分析;再根据立管的模态特性结合环境水流参数,采用模态叠加法对立管进行了涡激振动疲劳损伤分析。分析过程中,通过改变流速大小、立管壁厚、立管外径、内部介质以及抑制立管涡激振动的螺旋列板长度等参数,对立管的涡激振动疲劳损伤进行了相应的参数分析。结果表明:立管疲劳损伤随水流速度的增大、立管外径的增大以及内部介质密度的降低呈现上升趋势,但是壁厚变化对立管疲劳损伤大小影响却不显著。     

水下压缩空气储能系统柔性立管响应特性分析（英文）

With the rapid development of marine renewable energy technologies, the demand to mitigate the fluctuation of variable generators with energy storage technologies continues to increase. Offshore compressed air energy storage(OCAES) is a novel flexible-scale energy storage technology that is suitable for marine renewable energy storage in coastal cities, islands, offshore platforms, and offshore renewable energy farms. For deep-water applications, a marine riser is necessary for connecting floating platforms and subsea systems. Thus, the response characteristics of marine risers are of great importance for the stability and safety of the entire OCAES system. In this study, numerical models of two kinds of flexible risers, namely, catenary riser and lazy wave riser, are established in OrcaFlex software. The static and dynamic characteristics of the catenary and the lazy wave risers are analyzed under different environment conditions and internal pressure levels. A sensitivity analysis of the main parameters affecting the lazy wave riser is also conducted. Results show that the structure of the lazy wave riser is more complex than the catenary riser; nevertheless, the former presents better response performance.     

深海钢悬链线立管（SCR）安装强度分析

在研究深水钢悬链立管（SCR）安装方法基础上,结合实际工程安装经验,提出了深水SCR在J-lay这种铺管方式下的安装方案,应用专业立管安装分析软件Orcaflex对各个安装过程进行实例分析,对安装过程中立管的安装强度进行校核。     

Extreme response based reliability analysis of composite risers for applications in deepwater

As current oil reserves start to deplete, companies are looking to exploit deeper deposits. At these greater depths composite risers, with their high strength-to-weight ratio, reduce the effective tensions and bending moments compared to steel risers. However, there is still limited research into their behaviour, with one key missing element being a comparison with traditional riser designs which accounts for variances in material properties and wave loads. This paper therefore conducts a strength-based reliability analysis of composite catenary risers operating between 1,500 m and 4,000 m. A static global catenary model is combined with Classical Laminate Theory to determine the extreme response and its performance is verified against FEA. This response is evaluated with the Tsai-Wu failure criterion to determine first-ply failure. The effect of laminate moisture absorption on the long-term reliability of submerged composite-based risers is also investigated as it can cause a significant reduction in the strength of composite risers. The reliability analysis is conducted using the Monte Carlo Method, revealing that the composite risers perform well at 4000 m. The degradation in performance from moisture absorption becomes increasingly important at greater depths and needs further investigation for these applications.     

Catenary riser sliding and rolling on seabed during induced lateral movement

Catenary risers have an interaction zone with the seabed, usually referenced as flowline. Movements in this region can be induced by sea currents and large offsets in floating unit, leading to touchdown position changes and affecting internal loads along riser length. In this work the contact flowline-seabed is modeled including sliding and rolling friction. Case studies involving large offsets in floating unit and lateral sea currents are solved to better understand the consequences of possible rolling and large sliding. The riser is modeled using a geometrically-exact finite element beam model. The contact is addressed with a new technique to include rotation movements from underlying beam models. This leads to global riser models including complex kinematics, being able to represent scenarios with alternating sliding/rolling and its consequences on internal loads of riser structure. A parametric study is performed to measure the influence of the friction coefficient in tension and torsion along typical flexible pipe and steel pipe catenary risers.     

超深水钻井隔水管动力分析理论研究与数值模拟

随着钻井作业向深水(500～1 500m)和超深水(1 500m以上)发展,在交变海洋环境载荷波浪力、海流力和浮式钻井平台运动的共同作用下,隔水管的动态响应更加显著.文中探讨了隔水管侧向振动的数学模型、动态特性分析中的结构与环境载荷建模技术及其非线性动力分析方法,研究并对比了不同分析方法在计算效率、计算精度和工程适用性等方面的差异.介绍了时域内应用ABAQUS软件进行超深水钻井隔水管非确定性动力分析的算法与详细流程,算例比较了不同边界条件对深水钻井隔水管动态特性的影响.研究表明,时域非确定性分析最为精确但需要时间最长,且只能采用线性AIRY波浪理论;理论上,海流主要引起隔水管动态响应的时不变部分,但该时不变部分不等同于海流引起的隔水管静态响应,一种简化方法只将海浪与钻井船运动作为动载荷而不考虑海流对动态响应的贡献;钻井船运动和波浪载荷是隔水管动态响应分析主要的动载荷,对于超深水隔水管来说,钻井船运动是首要的动载荷,其慢漂运动对隔水管性能有重要影响,而波浪仅对隔水管局部产生作用.     

Influence of seabed trench formation on fatigue performance of steel catenary risers in touchdown zone

The subsea survey results using remote operating vehicles (ROV) show that trenches with a depth of several riser diameters can be developed underneath the steel catenary risers (SCR). Therefore, an important question in respect of the riser–seabed interaction is, how the trench formation beneath the riser affects the riser fatigue performance in the touchdown zone. A common methodology reported in literature to study the impact of trench formation on riser fatigue life is the insertion of an artificial mathematical expression of the riser profile into the seabed. This study shows that such methodology can be inconsistent and leading to contradictory results. The current paper has employed ABAQUS finite element software and coded a non-linear soil hysteretic model to automatically simulate the variable seabed stiffness and the gradual trench development through the touchdown zone. In this method, the seabed model parameters are initially adjusted to extreme values allowing trench with desired depth to be developed over a moderate number of displacement cycles of the SCR. The design wave scatter diagram is then applied, simulating a generic Spar system, after switching the model parameters to values with normal range. The paper presents the impact of trenches of different depths on the fatigue performance of SCRs in the touchdown zone.