上海松江东北部污水处理厂改扩建工程设计与运行

上海松江东北部污水处理厂二期扩建工程规模7万m3/d,二级处理采用AAO工艺,同时对已建一期工程7万m3/d进行提标改造,改扩建后总规模14万m3/d,出水同步达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918--2002）一级B标准.对一、二期工程污水处理过程中产生的污泥进行板框深度脱水,脱水后污泥含水率降至60％以下外运处置,为上海郊区第一个实践污泥深度脱水处理的污水厂.该文详细介绍了污水污泥工艺流程、工程特点、运行效果及污泥处理成本.     

CASS工艺在平洲污水处理厂扩建工程中的应用

平洲污水处理厂规划总规模27.5万m3/d,分为5期建设,总用地面积7.73hm2。该文重点介绍了平洲污水处理厂扩建工程污水处理工艺选择过程和主要设计参数,并对污水厂一期和二、三期运行情况进行比较分析。实践表明,CASS工艺具有良好的污泥沉降性能,能有效地控制污泥膨胀的产生和发展,也避免了生物膜法工艺在处理过程中由于生物膜脱落而造成的出水SS浓度偏高,从而确保出水SS的达标排放。平洲污水处理厂扩建工程采用CASS工艺建设后,大大降低了污水厂运行成本,污水处理费单价由1.164元/m3降至0.895元/m3     

工业园区地下式污水处理厂工程设计

小型地下式污水处理厂在工业园区污水处理中应用越来越多。以某光电产业园区污水厂为例,该厂建设规模为3万m^3/d,全地下式,采用高效沉淀+A^2/O+MBR工艺,出水执行《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918-2002)一级A标准。介绍了该厂污水、污泥处理工艺和主要处理构筑物的设计参数,并总结工程特点。     

刘川工业园区污水处理厂工程设计实例

刘川工业园区污水处理厂处理规模近期3.5万m3/d,远期13万m3/d。设计采用G-BAF+常规三段式深度处理工艺,出水采用二氧化氯消毒,污泥采用机械浓缩脱水。重点介绍了水处理工艺及主要处理构筑物设计参数及设备配置情况。污水处理厂一期工程已建成运行,污水经过预处理、生化系统、深度处理系统处理,出水水质满足一级A排放标准及再生水回用的相关要求。     

白银市某工业园区污水处理厂工程设计

白银市某工业园区污水处理厂近期建设规模为10 000 m3/d,远期设计规模为20 000 m3/d。针对污水的特点,该工程确定采用A2/O+反应沉淀+纤维束滤池工艺,详细介绍了进、出水水质及工艺流程、主要设计参数和设备配置等,对污水预处理系统、生化系统、二沉池、深度处理系统、接触消毒池、污泥浓缩脱水机房等进行了具体介绍。出水水质最终满足相关标准中的一级A标准,相关经验可供类似工程参考借鉴。     

东港污水处理厂三期工程混合污水处理设计

南通市东港污水处理厂现有一、二期工程为5万m3/d,三期工程与一、二期分开独立建设,近期规模为10万m3/d,远期总规模25万m3/d。三期工程进水为生活污水和工业废水混合污水,设计采用＂水解酸化＋多模式AAO＋混凝沉淀过滤＂组合处理工艺,出水达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB 18918—2002）的一级A标准之后,通过尾水排放管排入2.5 km之外的华能电厂温水排水渠,最终排入长江。详细介绍该工程的进出水水质指标、进水特点、工艺流程、主要构筑物的设计参数及工艺特点。     

深圳市福永污水处理厂设计介绍

深圳市福永污水处理厂属深圳市重点工程,远期设计总规模25万m3/d,近期设计规模12.5万m3/d。为了应对进水水质的变化和雨季合流污水量的冲击,污水厂采用多模式AAO处理工艺,处理后尾水达到国家《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》（GB18918—2002）的一级A标准,排放至虾山涌。详细介绍该工程的工艺流程、进出水水质指标、主要构筑物的设计参数及工艺特点。     

宁河县芦台桥北污水处理厂设计

宁河县芦台桥北污水处理厂近期规模1.2万m3/d,采用改良A2/O+纤维转盘滤池工艺。进水以生活污水为主,CODcr350 mg/L,BOD5150 mg/L,SS200mg/L,NH3-N30mg/L,TN40mg/L,TP4mg/L。设计出水达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB18918—2002)一级A标准。该文介绍了污水处理厂设计概况、设计思路和主要工艺的对比方案。     

住房和城乡建设部通报城镇污水处理设施一季度建设和运行情况

<正>日前,住房和城乡建设部通报了2012年第一季度全国城镇污水处理设施建设运行情况。截至2012年3月底,全国设市城市、县累计建成城镇污水处理厂3 198座,处理能力达到1.38亿m3/d;正在建设的城镇污水处理项目约1 300个,处理能力约2 700万m3/d。在657个设市城市中,已有639个城市建有污水处理厂,占设市城市总数的97.3%;累计建成污水处理厂1 884座,形成处理能力1.15亿m3/d。全     

云南某工业园区污水处理厂工艺设计

云南某工业园区污水处理厂设计规模1.0×104m^3/d,二级处理采用倒置AAO工艺,生化池与二沉池、硝化液回流、污泥回流、剩余污泥排放等合建,具有占地面积小、工程造价低、运行维护以及管理方便等特点,三级处理采用“转盘滤池+生物快渗+紫外线消毒工艺”,设计出水水质达到《城镇污水处理厂污染物排放标准》(GB 18918—2002)一级A标准。     

基于效用模型的沥青路面预防性养护研究

预防性养护是一种高标准养护方式。在预防性养护中,养护时机的选择至关重要。基于此,提出了以建立养护短期效用预测模型来进行养护时机的选择,该模型通过对路面性能短期提高值以及养护后路面性能衰变规律的预测,能较为精确地获得养护后路面性能曲线,以及养护短期效益值,进而运用效益-费用分析法可以较方便而准确地确定最佳养护时机和养护方案。养护效用预测模型为预防性养护的研究提供了新思路,具有重大的理论意义和实际意义。     

地下掘进之地盘——机械互制与可挖指标研探

地下机械式之掘削效率乃为进度、成本及品控之关键要因,一般工程思考皆多考虑工法与机型对应各类不同地层之"可挖性"作探讨,即针对地质材料选择适应之切削面盘,鲜能再对地盘——机械开挖互制行为作一"适确性"研析,而本研究先由微观之量纲分析及力学尺度探讨并建立指标,运用至巨观推力、扭矩之施工良窳、可挖性及正常施作或异况破坏之分析。机械式掘削接触地质与产生之互制行为相异性极大,故由地质破坏特征作为切削地盘材料之分类,藉此提供该广义式之探讨方针;其次在施工判准所建立之可挖指标上,使用量纲分析方法进行具代表力学行为之因子解析,作为建置指标的依据;再者,应用现场调查以资搜机械式开挖所量测的推进力系数值,进而佐证其适确性,最终完整研析机械式掘削开挖之行为与可挖性指标之应用。     

Experimental study of the physical and chemical characteristics of biodiesel blended fuel using ultrasonic energy irradiation

The purpose of this study is to understand the physical and chemical characteristics of biodiesel blended fuel reformed by ultrasonic energy irradiation. To do this, a mixture of commercial diesel fuel and biodiesel was compared and analyzed according to whether or not ultrasonic energy irradiation was performed and the duration of irradiation. The results of the experiments indicate that when ultrasonic energy irradiation was performed on biodiesel blended fuel, its viscosity decreased by 3–7%. In the case of BD20, when ultrasonic energy irradiation was performed, its Sauter mean diameter (SMD) dropped by 12% on average. As the irradiation duration increased, the volume ratio of olefins increased up to a maximum of 2.7%, and the higher heating value increased to a maximum of 5.8%. On the contrary, the ratio of aromatics decreased by a maximum of 2.7%, and BI decreased by a maximum of 7%.     

Effect of intake valve swirl on fuel-gas mixing and subsequent combustion in a CAI engine

A fully three-dimensional model was used to investigate the optimal value for intake valve lift in a CAI engine. Uniform mixing in the engine is a key parameter that affects the auto-ignition reliability and thermal efficiency. The method of intake of the air supply often determines the uniformity (or quality) of the fuel-air mixture. In this paper, four strategies were applied for controlling the swirl intensity of intake air. The variation of the intake valve lift induces different swirling and tumbling intensities. Both experimental data and 1D WAVE software (Ricardo, Co.) were coupled with the 3D model to provide pressure and temperature boundary conditions. The initial condition of the EGR mass fraction was also provided by the 1D model. The benchmark scenario (Case 1) was considered as a valve lift with 2 mm for all intake valves. We found that an intake valve lift of 6 mm with the other intake valve closed (i.e., Case 5) yielded the largest swirling (helical motion in the axial direction) and tumbling, which in turn rendered optimal fuel-gas mixing. We also found that fuel distribution affected the auto-ignition sites (or spot). The better the mixing, the greater the gas temperature and combustion efficiency achieved, as seen in Case 5. The NOx level, however, was increased due to the gas temperature. The optimal operating condition is selected from the viewpoints of environmental protection and combustion efficiency.     

快速公交(BRT)智能系统框架结构研究

以智能交通系统（ITS）为研究背景,针对快速公交系统的运营模式及主要特征,提出了适合我国公交现状的快速公交智能系统框架结构,同时对智能系统进行了较为翔实的分析和设计。     

Design of Integrated Chassis Control logics for AFS and ESP

The performance of most electronic chassis control systems in the past has been optimized individually. Recently, a great research effort has been dedicated to the integration of chassis control systems in an effort to improve the vehicle performance. This involves orchestration of individual control modules so that they can jointly contribute to the enhancement of their control effect. In this research, two integrated control logics for AFS (Active Front Steering) and ESP (Electronic Stability Program) have been developed. Of the two logics, one uses a supervisor that rules over the individual modules. The other logic uses a CL (Characteristic Locus) method, which is a frequency-domain multivariable control technique. The two logics have been tested under various driving conditions to investigate their control effects. The results indicate that the proposed integrated control logics can yield vehicle performance that is superior to that of the individual control modules without any integration scheme.     

Fuzzy and adaptive fuzzy control for the automobiles’ active suspension system

Two typical criteria for good vehicle suspension performance are their ability to provide good road handling and increased passenger comfort. The main disturbance affecting these two criteria is terrain irregularities. Active suspension control systems reduce these undesirable effects by isolating car body motion from vibrations at the wheels. This paper describes fuzzy and adaptive fuzzy control (AFC) schemes for the automobile active suspension system (ASS). The design objective is to provide smooth vertical motion so as to achieve the road holding and riding comfort over a wide range of road profiles. The efficacy of the proposed control schemes is demonstrated via simulations. With respect to the optimal linear quadratic regulator (LQR), it is shown that superior results have been achieved by the AFC.     

Fuzzy and adaptive fuzzy control for the automobiles' active suspension system

Two typical criteria for good vehicle suspension performance are their ability to provide good road handling and increased passenger comfort. The main disturbance affecting these two criteria is terrain irregularities. Active suspension control systems reduce these undesirable effects by isolating car body motion from vibrations at the wheels. This paper describes fuzzy and adaptive fuzzy control (AFC) schemes for the automobile active suspension system (ASS). The design objective is to provide smooth vertical motion so as to achieve the road holding and riding comfort over a wide range of road profiles. The efficacy of the proposed control schemes is demonstrated via simulations. With respect to the optimal linear quadratic regulator (LQR), it is shown that superior results have been achieved by the AFC.     

汽车电子控制转向技术的发展趋势

电动转向技术符合汽车机电一体化的设计思想,由于其技术先进,性能优越,未来必将成为动力转向技术的主流,线控动力转向系统将是转向系统的发展方向。本文综述了国内外汽车电子控制动力转向技术的发展及研究现状,介绍了电动助力转向系统的工作原理、组成及特点,并阐述了两项技术今后的发展趋势。     

Design of an energy management strategy for parallel hybrid electric vehicles using a logic threshold and instantaneous optimization method

A novel parallel hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) configuration consisting of an extra one-way clutch and an automatic mechanical transmission (AMT) is taken as the study subject of this paper. An energy management strategy (EMS) combining a logic threshold approach and an instantaneous optimization algorithm is developed for the investigated PHEV. The objective of this EMS is to achieve acceptable vehicle performance and drivability requirements while simultaneously maximizing engine fuel economy and maintaining the battery state of charge (SOC) in its rational operation range at all times. Under the MATLAB/Simulink environment, a computer simulation model of the studied PHEV is established using the bench test results. Simulation results for the behavior of the engine, motor, and battery illustrate the potential of the proposed control strategy in terms of fuel economy and in keeping the deviations of SOC at a low level.