推力轴承轴向刚度对船舶轴系振动响应的影响

采用ANSYS有限元软件对某型舰船轴系进行相似建模,并计入螺旋桨激振力,研究不同推力轴承轴向刚度下的轴系振动特性,分析螺旋桨激振力通过轴系的传递状况。计算结果表明,增大推力轴承轴向刚度能有效衰减振动沿着纵向振动经过船体结构的传递,有一定减振降噪的作用。     

船用汽轮发电机组振动故障分析

根据实测某型船用汽轮发电机组振动频谱对机组振动原因进行了分析,分析结果表明该型汽轮发电机组的滑动轴承较易受到边界条件变化的影响,其中轴系对中变化是干扰汽轮机滑动轴承平稳运行的关键因素之一.     

船舶轴系温升与轴向间隙调整

对于采用间接传动方式的船舶轴系,在柴油机曲轴止推轴承与螺旋桨推力轴承之间增加了齿轮箱和高弹性联轴器,会遇到轴向间隙分配问题,如果安装不恰当,将导致曲轴止推轴承烧熔。在安装过程中,应充分考虑因轴系运行温度升高的轴向热膨胀引起的轴向间隙变化。引起轴向间隙变化的因素有:一是柴油机和齿轮箱因运行使相应的轴存在轴向伸长;二是因轴系扭转振动使联轴器橡胶弹性元件摩擦生热的轴向伸长,二者可通过计算得到。根据计算数据来确定冷态曲轴止推轴承间隙,可保证轴系轴向轴承安全运行。     

舰船推力轴承液压减振装置研究综述

采用液压减振装置控制舰船推进轴系的轴向振动对降低舰船噪声辐射具有重要意义。文章首先介绍舰船推进轴系的轴向振动产生原因和早期解决方法,接着综述推力轴承液压减振装置的发展历史,重点阐述国外对液压减振装置的理论分析以及对液压减振装置的优化设计,并简要介绍了国内对液压减振装置的研究现状。通过总结梳理,较完整地呈现了液压减振装置的发展概况,供舰船减振降噪研究人员参考。     

二滩水电站推力／下导轴承甩油及油雾防治对策

水轮发电机内部的轴承甩油现象或油雾逸出现象,在很多水电厂中不同程度地存在着,尤其是推力轴承较为普遍,文中对内甩油和外甩油各采取了三道屏障,使之得到了根治．     

舰用齿轮箱及推力轴承抗冲击三维数值模拟

采用动态设计分析方法对舰用齿轮箱和推力轴承进行抗冲击性能分析,同时创新性地引入质量控制领域中的[3σ]准则思想,基于齿轮箱和推力轴承冲击作用响应确定齿轮箱和推力轴承的抗冲击危险区域,针对大齿轮传动轴轴承、轴承座、大齿轮传动轴辐板部位、下箱体箱壁交叉处等抗冲击的薄弱环节和危险区域进行结构优化设计,并与原结构进行对比分析。结果显示,适当增加危险区域的板厚,在设备质量仅微量增加的前提下可显著提高舰用齿轮箱的抗冲击能力,所采用的评估体系和流程适用于舰船所有设备的抗冲击性能预测与评估。     

船舶推进轴系纵振计算方法及影响因素分析

根据船舶推进轴系纵向振动的运动微分方程,推导了组成推进轴系的刚性均质圆盘、推力轴承以及轴段单元的传递矩阵,给出了利用传递矩阵求解推进轴系纵向振动固有频率和固有振型的方法.为进一步分析推进轴系正常运行时各轴段的纵向振幅和交变轴向力,对刚性均质圆盘、推力轴承以及轴段单元的传递矩阵进行了扩展,进而给出了基于扩展传递矩阵的推进...     

Shaft line alignment analysis taking ship construction flexibility and deformations into consideration

Proper shaft line alignment is one of the most important actions during the design of the propulsion system. Usually, a beam model of the power transmission system is isolated from the ship hull. Therefore, determining the correctness of the boundary conditions is one of the most important and difficult issue during the marine shaft line alignment calculations. In the author's opinion stiffness and damping characteristics of the journal bearings’ oil film, ship hull and bearings frame should be taken into account. Ship hull deformations, under different load conditions and regular sea waves, are also analysed. The presented numerical analysis method is compared and verified by measurements on real ships.     

弹性边界约束的正交加肋圆柱壳振动特性分析

使用Gram-Schmidt正交化构造了满足圆柱壳自由边界条件的一组正交多项式,并以此为基函数构造圆柱壳的振动位移表达式;在此基础上,基于Sanders壳体理论,利用Rayleigh-Ritz法,提出了一种用于分析弹性边界约束的正交加肋圆柱壳振动特性的方法。利用该方法,求解了两端简支的正交加肋圆柱壳的自由振动固有频率,将其与文献结果对比,验证了文中方法的正确性;该文还分析了边界各方向约束刚度对正交加肋圆柱壳振动特性的影响。研究表明,本文的方法收敛性好,计算效率高,且可用于分析受经典边界约束的加肋壳振动特性,具有很强的通用性。     

某船Z型全回转舵桨高速轴系振动分析

针对Z型全回转舵桨高速轴系振动大和轴承高温的问题,分析高速轴系临界转速,轴承基座刚度对轴系临界转速的影响,轴承最大轴向和径向载荷分析,确认问题的主要原因是高速轴系临界转速接近工作转速、轴承基座刚度不足,以及轴承最小径向载荷不满足要求,对高速轴系进行改进设计,试验与应用表明,改进后的高速轴系解决了振动和轴承高温问题,系统...     

增压器涡轮叶片间流体流动的数值模拟

从N-S基本方程出发,采用亚格子尺度模型,运用大涡模拟方法,通过建模和数值计算研究涡轮叶片间流体流动时周围流场的速度、压力、雷诺数和流线分布情况,得出涡轮叶片间流场参数的分布范围,发现各个工况点流场的变化规律和影响因素。该研究结果对增压器涡轮结构进一步优化设计具有重要的指导意义。     

推力轴承结构形式对水下航行体振动与声辐射特性影响研究

针对带推力轴承结构的水下航行体,采用有限元与边界元耦合方法,建立水下航行体整艇流固耦合有限元模型以及水中边界元模型,利用ANSYS刚性域功能建立全舱壁式和半舱壁式两种推力轴承结构形式,计算他们所引起的整艇振动与声辐射特性,并且比较分析他们之间的差异.研究表明,全舱壁式推力轴承结构相比半舱壁式推力轴承结构有一定减振降噪效果.     

齐次边界条件下圆柱壳的自由振动研究

基于Flügge弹性薄壳理论研究圆柱壳在齐次边界条件下的自由振动问题.圆柱壳的自振频率通过位移控制方程和边界条件控制方程联立求解获得.引入一般形式的位移函数之后,位移控制方程能够得到关于频率和波数的频散图,联合边界条件后转化为8阶矩阵行列式的零点求解.讨论自振频率点在频散曲线中的位置,给出纯虚数曲线分支的含义.还讨论精确解和常用梁方法的联系,研究振型在3个频率区域变化的情况.     

A pseudofield model approach to simulate compartment-fire phenomena for marine fire safety design

In order to prevent the spread of marine compartment fires, it is necessary to understand the governing factors or characteristics of fire-spread phenomena. We present a pseudofield model approach to this problem. We first described a field model of turbulent heat convection based on a standard k – turbulence model. Two-dimensional numerical simulations of a two-linked compartment fire were carried out in order to predict the turbulent convection flow induced by the heat released from the fire. Then a more complicated fire-spread problem of multilinked compartment fires was analyzed by means of a zone model, in which the amounts of oxygen consumption and gas generation were solved by a gas-balance equations system. The effect of threshold conditions on fire propagation and the effect of the thickness of the heat insulation were investigated with numerical simulations.     

Stochastic dynamic load effect and fatigue damage analysis of drivetrains in land-based and TLP,spar and semi-submersible floating wind turbines

This paper deals with the feasibility of using a 5 MW drivetrain which is designed for a land-based turbine, on floating wind turbines. Four types of floating support structures are investigated: spar, TLP and two semi-submersibles. The fatigue damage of mechanical components inside the gearbox and main bearings is compared for different environmental conditions, ranging from cut-in to cut-out wind speeds. For floating wind turbines, representative wave conditions are also considered. All wind turbines are ensured to follow similar power curves, but differences in the control system (integral to different concepts) are allowed. A de-coupled analysis approach is employed for the drivetrain response analysis. First, an aero-hydro-servo-elastic code is employed for the global analysis. Next, motions, moments and forces from the global analysis are applied on the gearbox multi body model and the loads on gears and bearings are obtained. The results suggest that the main bearings sustain more damage in floating wind turbines than on land-based. The highest main bearing damage is observed for the spar floating wind turbine. The large wave induced axial load on the main shaft is found to be the primary reason of this high damage in the spar wind turbine. Apart from the main bearings - which are located on the main shaft outside the gearbox - other bearings and gears inside the gearbox hold damages in floating wind turbines equal or even less than in the land-based turbine. It is emphasized that the results presented in this study are based on a drivetrain with two main bearings, which considerably reduces the non-torque loads on the gearbox.     

不同轴承型式对汽轮发电机组轴系振动的影响

影响汽轮发电机组轴系振动的因素有很多,对已经设计加工好的转子而言,由轴承组成的支承系统为主要影响因素。以某型20MW级汽发的研制项目为依托,探索不同型式的轴承对汽发机组轴系振动的影响。通过应用软件Dy Ro Bes对轴系进行建模分析,并建立试验台架,对不同型式轴承的振动表现进行试验研究,为汽发机组轴承的选型设计提供参考。     

某轮主机十字头轴瓦白合金异常剥落分析

对某轮主机十字头轴瓦白合金剥落的原因进行分析,根据检查、测量及调查结果,认为柴油机润滑油的压力、温度的不正常以及轴承间隙过大是导致十字头轴瓦白合金异常剥落的主要原因,并提出了预防措施。     

Numerical study on breaking phenomena of ships’ waves in narrow and shallow waterways

The environmental impact of a ships waves, such as the risk of erosion of coasts and riverbanks, and unacceptable ship movements in a restricted waterway, is now a significant ship design criterion. Therefore, it is necessary to predict ship-wave phenomena accurately in a restricted waterway. In this study, a numerical investigation of the breaking phenomena of a ships waves in restricted waterways was carried out. Incompressible Navier–Stokes and continuity equations were employed. The equations are discretized by a finite-difference method in a curvilinear coordinate system. The interface capturing method was applied to simulation of a ships waves, including wave-breaking. A modification of the level-set method is proposed to find the free surface shape clearly and without difficulty of the implemation of the boundary conditions for the distance function. In order to obtain a high resolution of wave height, a constrained interpolated profile (CIP) algorithm is adopted. In order to check the advantage of the CIP method, computations by two numerical methods, the CIP and the 3rd-order up-wind scheme, were compared. The computations for a Wigley hull in restricted waterways were performed and compared with experiments. The phenomena of ships waves in restricted waterways are discussed in order to understand the mechanism of wave-breaking in relation to the change in water depth along a waterway.     

控制船舶轴系纵向振动的动力吸振器参数优化研究(英文)

在船舶轴系中安装动力吸振器是减小船舶轴系纵向振动的有效方法,而动力吸振器的参数合理优化配置是控制轴系纵向振动的重要手段。将船舶轴系等效为多自由度系统,基于有限单元法建立船舶轴系纵向振动运动模型,并通过加装动力吸振器用于控制船舶轴系纵向振动。运用重分析方法求解轴系运动方程得到推力轴承处的力传递率和能量传递率,将二者作为评价动力吸振器对轴系振动控制效果的指标。在研究轴系响应频率范围内,提出将求解全局最优解较强的遗传算法与多目标优化算法相结合以优化动力吸振器参数;并且研究特定共振峰消减的参数优化问题。最后通过算例,比较不同目标函数以及动力吸振器不同安装位置对轴系纵向振动控制的影响,验证文中优化算法的可行性。     

船舶集成式推力轴承减振器研究与应用

针对轴系纵向振动引起的船舶尾部振动噪声问题,提出通过集成式推力轴承减振器控制轴系纵向振动的方法,研究减振元件的刚度特性和应用减振器后轴系试验台架的振动特性。结果表明,设计的减振碟簧组刚度稳定,轴系应用该集成式推力轴承减振器后,一阶纵振固有频率偏移明显,轴系振动响应大幅衰减,提出的集成式推力轴承减振器可有效隔离螺旋桨激励振动向船体结构的传递。