Diagnosis Methods for Electronic Controlled Vehicles

The development of automotive systems shows an increasing number of sensors, actuators and microelectronic controllers, partially for active driver assistance. However, electronic and electrical components have quite different failure behavior and in general lower reliability than mechanical components. On the other side microcomputers can also be used for fault detection and diagnosis. The contribution therefore shows how model-based fault detection and diagnosis methods together with few available measurements can be applied for automobiles. After an introduction, a short summary is given for fault detection and diagnosis methods, especially for model-based methods. Then some research results are shown, like the fault detection and diagnosis of an electromechanical throttle actuator, a suspension system and the lateral behavior of a passenger car. Finally, methods for fault-tolerant sensors and actuators are discussed which are required for drive-by-wire systems.     

电控汽车故障的检修方法

据有关资料可知，国外90％以上的轿车和国内部分高级轿车上都已装备了电控汽油喷射发动机。由于其结构较为复杂，给汽车维修工作带来一定的困难。笔者根据多年修车经验的一些体会，提醒维修工在对其进行电控故障检修时，应注意以下几点方法。     

电控汽油发动机起动不良故障诊断分析

以起亚OPTIMA2．7L电控发动机起动不良故障为例,运用专业知识并查阅资料,根据多年对该款车型诊断工作经验。结合实际教学过程总结,对该系列发动机起动不良故障及诊断进行系统分析。     

电控发动机喷油器常见故障检修与维护

叙述电控发动机喷油器的结构及工作原理,分析其常见故障现象及原因,探讨故障的检测方法与喷油器的维护。     

电控汽车门锁的工作原理和故障诊断

简述电控汽车门锁的种类和工作原理，以凌志LS400型轿车电控门锁为例．介绍其故障诊断方法。     

电喷汽车3种传感器的典型故障诊断与排除

在排除电喷发动机的故障时,发现尽管故障现象不同,原因各异,但颇具典型性的当属氧传感器、冷却液温度传感器和节气门位置传感器的故障。它们不仅有故障率高的特点,而且对发动机工况的影响也很大。1氧传感器故障氧传感器工作失常会影响ECU对混合气空燃比精确的控制,带来发动机动力性、经济性的下降和排气净化性的恶化。此时发动机易出现怠速不稳、缺火、喘抖和油耗增加等现象。通常情况下氧传感器出现故障或线路连接不良时,ECU会存储记忆并报警。氧传感器早期损坏的原因有:使用了含铅汽油,使铅粘附在传感器的工作面而发生铅“中毒”;发动…     

凌志系列轿车电控动力转向系统的诊断与检测

介绍凌志系列轿车电控动力转向系统的基本工作过程及诊断与检测方法。     

短时四轮驱动的电控系统

主要阐述了四轮驱动技术中的布置形式、驱动形式以及短时四轮驱动技术的特点和在微型车上实现短时四轮驱动所需要的各装置的功能,重点分析了短时四轮驱动的电控原理。     

探讨新能源汽车维修中电子诊断技术的应用

本文简要分析了电子诊断技术的应用优势:维修主体多样性、维修功能全面性、维修体系完善性;探索了新型汽车中使用电子诊断的具体表现:发动机诊断、动力电池诊断、电路诊断等;给出了电子诊断的后续研发方向:远程监测、多类故障资料分析、智能诊断系统,以此推动电子诊断技术有序发展,以技术视角支持新型汽车生产,减少车辆运输污染问题,顺应...     

现代汽车的四种测距方法

本文介绍了目前在汽车上应用较多的超声波、雷达、摄像、激光等四种测距方法及其在汽车上的应用状况,并提出了今后的发展方向。     

Intelligent Electronic Systems in Commercial Vehicles for Enhanced Traffic Safety

Looking at the future trends of the road traffic, one will recognize that the commercial vehicle participation will not decrease, although it is required from the environmental and social viewpoints. The reason is that the other means of freight transport (water, railway, air) do not provide the same flexibility as the road transport, and direct business interest of those companies, who are using this transport form is larger than the eventual loss caused by the penalties to be paid (taxes, compensation of higher axle load). This conflict is hard to solve, but the effect can be minimized. The commercial vehicle industry attempts to introduce systems to the vehicles, which are targeting on reduction of the environmental impacts caused by heavy vehicles. These systems, which are named generally as “intelligent chassis systems”, electronically control the operation of the chassis subsystems (engine, transmission, brake, suspension) and co-ordinate their operation on a higher level (vehicle controller, intelligent control systems, such as adaptive cruise control, video camera based lane change recognition system, etc.). This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of the commercial vehicle chassis systems, and tries to project their future development.     

纯电动汽车电子差速系统研究综述

文章综述了纯电动汽车的驱动结构以及轮毂电机驱动电动汽车的优点,然后阐述了纯电动汽车电子差速系统的结构与工作原理,并详细介绍了电子差速系统的控制方法和控制理论,同时对三种控制方法进行了对比分析,指出其优缺点和适应场合。最后对纯电动汽车电子差速的发展进行了展望。     

Intelligent Electronic Systems in Commercial Vehicles for Enhanced Traffic Safety

Looking at the future trends of the road traffic, one will recognize that the commercial vehicle participation will not decrease, although it is required from the environmental and social viewpoints. The reason is that the other means of freight transport (water, railway, air) do not provide the same flexibility as the road transport, and direct business interest of those companies, who are using this transport form is larger than the eventual loss caused by the penalties to be paid (taxes, compensation of higher axle load). This conflict is hard to solve, but the effect can be minimized. The commercial vehicle industry attempts to introduce systems to the vehicles, which are targeting on reduction of the environmental impacts caused by heavy vehicles. These systems, which are named generally as “intelligent chassis systems”, electronically control the operation of the chassis subsystems (engine, transmission, brake, suspension) and co-ordinate their operation on a higher level (vehicle controller, intelligent control systems, such as adaptive cruise control, video camera based lane change recognition system, etc.). This paper reviews the state-of-the-art of the commercial vehicle chassis systems, and tries to project their future development.     

纯电动轿车研发现状与展望

随着锂离子动力电池技术的进步,纯电动汽车的研发重新受到各国政府和企业的重视。文章通过分析国内外纯电动轿车近期的市场研发情况和主要技术难点,指出锂离子电池技术及永磁电机技术在很大程度上影响着电动汽车的类型发展,纯电动轿车未来的大规模应用还有待于关键技术的明显突破和成熟。     

关于摩托车发动机电控化油器的探讨

摩托车发动机采用电子控制化油器,根据发动机的转速和负荷工况,加入一定数量的附加空气,优化混合气的空燃化,可以使燃油经济性和排放性得到改善,通过发动机台架试验和摩托车道路试验检测,效果比较显著。     

消防用举高车辆电气控制系统的原理分析

介绍消防用举高车辆“上装”的电气控制系统的电路原理和部分主要部件的结构,并对电气系统工作情况进行分析。     

低排放柴油机的电控喷油系统

文章介绍了新研制的ECD-U2型蓄压式喷油系统,它是一种新的概念和设计,控制的自由度很广泛,降低排放且不损害发动机的基本性能。     

电喷汽车两用燃料装置的匹配器

液化石油气(LPG)作为汽车的代用燃料,在我国逐渐得到引用和推广。烟台交运集团同合绿色汽车工程开发有限公司研制的电喷汽车汽油／LPG两用燃料装置,在全国许多城市得到推广和应用。至目前产量为3000台套左右,已在烟台、威海、山西晋城等地销售2000台套左右。在《汽车电器》2004年第2期,笔者简要介绍了该系统的电控部分。下面,仍以捷达GiX轿车为例,介绍其系统中的主要核心部件——匹配器ECU的结构与工作原理。     

消防车电控翻转踏板系统的研制

消防车电控翻转踏板系统,是应消防员对消防车上下车方便性的需求而设计开发的,该系统由电控系统、供气系统、翻转踏步(驱动机构、活动踏板及机械翻转机构)组成。车身控制器监测到车门打开时,驱动电磁阀工作,使得气源中的气体推动翻转执行机构动作而展开翻转踏板;当车身控制器监测到车门关闭时,停止驱动电磁阀,切断气源中的气体输出,翻转执行机构收起翻转踏板。     

大跨度拱桥的超重车配重通行方法

超重车辆在运行过程中,跨越桥梁成为制约运输的瓶颈,为寻求安全、经济、方便、快捷的超重车通过大跨度拱桥的措施,在理论分析和试验研究的基础上,提出一种针对大跨度拱桥的超重车配重通行方法.经过实时的现场监测与分析,证明达到了预期效果,解决了大跨度拱桥超重车过桥的难题,可为今后超重车过桥提供借鉴.