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《中国航海》2017,(4)
为研究长江中游航道水位变化对船舶通航安全的影响,根据随机振动的首次穿越理论建立水位变化下船舶搁浅风险定量计算模型,实现不同水位下长江中游航道船舶搁浅风险的定量计算。利用航道水位、船舶吃水及富余水深三者间的动态关系,分析水位变化对允许船舶最大吃水及船舶搁浅概率的影响。利用船舶运动模型推导波浪载荷下船舶升沉运动的位移响应,同时根据首次穿越理论构建船舶首次穿越失效(搁浅)模型。运用Simulink仿真工具箱,根据船舶首次穿越失效模型计算得到不同水位下船舶的搁浅风险。利用该方法计算长江中游典型船舶在不同水位下的搁浅风险,结果表明该方法不仅能量化水位变化下船舶的搁浅风险,还可确定不同船舶搁浅概率对应的水位临界值。 相似文献
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现行水运规范中规定:天然河流设计最低通航水位既可以用综合历时曲线法计算确定,也可用保证率频率法计算确定,两种计算方法可能会得出两种不同的计算结果。文中通过工程设计实例对两种计算方法计算结果进行比照分析,探讨两者的差异和联系,对设计中如何选用提出建议。 相似文献
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本文对含敷料板的低阶模态振动特性进行了研究,将敷料与基板处理为层合板模型,采用基于Mindlin假设的4节点板单元对含敷料结构进行数值模拟,得到系统固有振动特性.为了研究敷料结构系统固有频率的合适计算方法,构造了不同基板厚度和不同敷料厚度,分别采用层合模型和敷料层等效质量的简化方法进行了结果对比.在相应计算例题中,对3种基板厚度和5种敷料层厚度共计15个敷料铺层试件进行了振动测量,并与数值模拟结果进行对比.针对不同铺设厚度的敷料板与加筋板,分别采用敷料质量等效模型和层合板模型,给出了不同计算模型的振动特性计算误差,为工程上选择敷料层振动特征计算方法提供了依据. 相似文献
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本文首先建立了浅水域声学边界元方程和相应的FEM/BEM耦合振动方程,探讨了水深对结构振动固有频率和振型的影响,流体可压缩性对结构振动固有频率的影响.研究结果表明:水深变化对结构固有频率有影响,随着水深减小,结构固有频率降低,特别是当水深与结构浸深接近时,水深变化对固有频率影响极大,且振型顺序也可能发生变化;而流体的可压缩性对于浅水域结构固有频率影响不大. 相似文献
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A pneumatic launcher is theoretically investigated to study its natural transverse vibration in water. Considering the mass effect of the sealing cover, the launcher is simplified as a uniform cantilever beam with a top point mass. By introducing the boundary and continuity conditions into the motion equation, the natural frequency equation and the mode shape function are derived. An iterative calculation method for added mass is also presented using the velocity potential function to account for the mass effect of the fluid on the launcher. The first 2 order natural frequencies and mode shapes are discussed in external flow fields and both external and internal flow fields. The results show good agreement with both natural frequencies and mode shapes between the theoretical analysis and the FEM studies. Also, the added mass is found to decrease with the increase of the mode shape orders of the launcher. And because of the larger added mass in both the external and internal flow fields than that in only the external flow field, the corresponding natural frequencies of the former are relatively smaller. 相似文献
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A pneumatic launcher is theoretically investigated to study its natural transverse vibration in water. Considering the mass effect of the sealing cover, the launcher is simplified as a uniform cantilever beam with a top point mass. By introducing the boundary and continuity conditions into the motion equation, the natural frequency equation and the mode shape function are derived. An iterative calculation method for added mass is also presented using the velocity potential function to account for the mass effect of the fluid on the launcher. The first 2 order natural frequencies and mode shapes are discussed in external flow fields and both external and internal flow fields. The results show good agreement with both natural frequencies and mode shapes between the theoretical analysis and the FEM studies. Also, the added mass is found to decrease with the increase of the mode shape orders of the launcher.And because of the larger added mass in both the external and internal flow fields than that in only the external flow field, the corresponding natural frequencies of the former are relatively smaller. 相似文献
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以复合材料层合结构悬臂梁为研究对象,推导层合结构悬臂梁振动特性公式,计算层合梁的低阶固有频率。采用电测和光测两种试验方法,对复合材料层合结构悬臂梁的振动特性开展研究,并分析不同测试方法、传感器类型、测点数量、激励方式等对测试结果的影响。将理论与试验相结合,得到一种可应用于复合材料层合结构悬臂梁振动测试的试验方法。综合比较电测法与光测法中所有悬臂梁振动测试的试验方法,研究结果表明采用光纤式激光测振仪为优选。光纤式测振仪光学头与被测试件的垂直距离为0.5 m,采用锤击瞬态激励方式的采样时间为5 s,由该方法测量取得的悬臂梁振动试验数据误差最小。 相似文献
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Underwater cylindrical shell structures have been found a wide of application in many engineering fields, such as the element of marine, oil platforms, etc. The coupled vibration analysis is a hot issue for these underwater structures. The vibration characteristics of underwater structures are influenced not only by hydrodynamic pressure but also by hydrostatic pressure corresponding to different water depths. In this study, an acoustic finite element method was used to evaluate the underwater structures. Taken the hydrostatic pressure into account in terms of initial stress stiffness, an acoustical fluid-structure coupled analysis of underwater cylindrical shells has been made to study the effect of hydrodynamic pressures on natural frequency and sound radiation. By comparing with the frequencies obtained by the acoustic finite element method and by the added mass method based on the Bessel function, the validity of present analysis was checked. Finally, test samples of the sound radiation of stiffened cylindrical shells were acquired by a harmonic acoustic analysis. The results showed that hydrostatic pressure plays an important role in determining a large submerged body motion, and the characteristics of sound radiation change with water depth. Furthermore, the analysis methods and the results are of significant reference value for studies of other complicated submarine structures. 相似文献
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文章采用传递矩阵法分析了悬臂边界条件下环状局部覆盖粘弹层合薄壁圆柱壳的振动特性。基于乐甫薄壳理论,结合粘弹性阻尼的变形协调关系和层间作用力关系,建立了基层和约束层薄壁圆柱壳的一阶状态微分方程,利用传递矩阵法推导了结构的整体传递矩阵,并通过高精度的精细积分方法进行求解,得到了固有频率、损耗因子和三维振型,探讨了约束阻尼层位置变化时对振动特性的影响,并通过有限元法进行了比较,通过算例验证了传递矩阵法对模态特性分析的有效性,前25阶模态以周向振动为主,最低阶固有频率对应的三维模态振型为(1,5),并且在悬臂端的振动位移最大,约束阻尼层覆盖位置对薄壁圆柱壳振动特性的影响较大。 相似文献
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以一座工作水深为1500m的新型深吃水变截面多立柱式FDPSO为研究对象,对其在300m等效截断水深锚泊系统系泊时的涡激运动特性开展了模型试验研究.模型试验在上海交通大学海洋工程国家重点实验中进行,缩尺比取为1:80.本文重点对不同工况下平台的横向涡激运动、响应谱和运动轨迹进行了系统性研究.研究结果表明:平台的横向运动频率未出现典型"锁定"现象,而是一直保持在接近固有横荡频率的范围内;同一流向下,平台纵向运动的平衡位置与最大振幅均随着折合速度的增加而增加.与其他经典平台相比,本文新型FDPSO最大横荡振幅值随折合速度的变化呈现不同的趋势.随着折合速度的增加,横荡运动的最大振幅与标称振幅之间的差值增大. 相似文献
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The structures in engineering can be simplified intoelastic beams with concentrated masses and elastic spring supports.Studying the law of vibration of the beams can be a help in guidingits design and avoiding resonance. Based on the Laplace transformmethod, the mode shape functions and the frequency equations ofthe beams in the typical boundary conditions are derived. Acantilever beam with a lumped mass and a spring is selected toobtain its natural frequencies and mode shape functions. Anexperiment was conducted in order to get the modal parameters ofthe beam based on the NExT-ERA method. By comparing theanalytical and experimental results, the effects of the locations ofthe mass and spring on the modal parameter are discussed. Thevariation of the natural frequencies was obtained with the changingstiffness coefficient and mass coefficient, respectively. The findingsprovide a reference for the vibration analysis methods and thelumped parameters layout design of elastic beams used inengineering. 相似文献
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国内基坑设计规范对悬臂式支挡结构嵌固深度的计算规定有较大争议,安全富余不足;欧洲标准和英国标准中的计算规定虽然理论正确,但采用传统简化方法计算得到的嵌固深度偏于保守。对悬臂式支挡结构嵌固深度的计算原理进行总结,并对国际和国内基坑设计规范中相关规定存在的问题进行分析。建议采用分项系数法并考虑严格的力和力矩平衡条件,进行悬臂式支挡结构的嵌固深度计算,得到的嵌固深度大于国内设计规范的计算结果,小于国际上通用简化方法的计算结果。采用改进的计算方法在理论上更合理,可以保障悬臂式支挡结构的安全和经济性。 相似文献