海损事故下油船溢油风险研究

油船一旦发生海损事故,容易引发海上溢油事故,后果严重.为提高油船运输的安全性,以渤海海域为研究背景,建立了开阔海域油船溢油的仿真计算模型;根据国家行业标准及挪威船级社的风险评估软件Neptune计算了溢油扩展情况,预测了溢油后火灾的点燃概率及损害范围,得出船舶溢油程度与火灾后果的关系.     

大型海上船舶溢油事故应急物资联动调度优化研究

针对不断增大的船舶溢油事故威胁,我国防治船舶污染海洋环境能力建设,尤其是硬件设施设备方面取得了重要进展。在分析大型海上船舶溢油事故应急物资联动调度工作流程实际基础上,重点考虑各应急物资集散点和各船之间可从时间上并行作业的特点,将各类应急物资需求量统一转换为当量体积,以所有参与应急响应的应急处置船航时最大的船航时最小化,以及同一集散点的各船航时之差最小为目标,建立了大型海上溢油事故应急物资联动调度模型。然后在Matlab R2017a软件平台上应用yalmip工具箱和cplex优化求解器,求解应急物资调度方案,然后通过算例分析模型的有效性。     

GIS技术和红外技术在船舶海上溢油事故中应急资源调度中的应用

随着海上船舶溢油事故危害越来越严重,基于数字化的海上溢油应急反应决策方法越来越受到人们的重视。但是,目前的研究局限性较大,缺少对应急计划及应急资源调运的研究。本文将运用GIS技术和红外技术,以应急资源调运为研究对象,充分研究一种海上船舶溢油应急决策支持系统,旨在减少溢油事故产生的损失。     

Liability for oil spill damages: Issues,methods, and examples

Liability is an important incentive‐based instrument for preventing oil spills and provides a sustainable approach for restoring coastal resources injured by spills. However, the use of liability for environmental damages raises many challenges, including quantification of money measures of damages. In this article, case studies are used to illustrate the issues, methods, and challenges associated with assessing a range of damages, from those that can be measured relatively easily using market information to more “esoteric,”; and much more difficult, cases involving non‐market‐valued losses. Also discussed are issues raised by the new national and international regulatory focus on restoration and by the simplified, compensatory formula used by some states.