Design and Combustion Characteristic Analysis of Free Piston Stirling Engine External Combustion System

The free piston Stirling engine external combustion system was simulated to investigate the diesel-air combustion characteristics in order to demonstrate its feasibility by computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The different effects on combustion were distinguished by analyzing the combustion burner, the injection position of diesel oil, the front tube arrangement of Stirling heater head and the back fin. The results show that the tilted front tube arrangement of the heater head with the back fin is the best practicable technology while the distance between the diesel nozzle position and the swirler top is 0. Its total heat flux is 15.6 kW, and the average heat transfer coefficients of the front and back tubes are 127W/(m² · K) and 192W/(m² · K), respectively. The heat transfer is mainly through convection, and the proportion of radiative heat transfer is only 16.9%. The best combustion efficiency of the free piston Stirling engine external combustion system is 86%.     

Two Phase Pressure Drop Performance of Refrigerant in a Small Horizontal Smooth Tube with 2.5 mm inside Diameter

Two-phase flow pressure drop measurements were made during the phase change heat transfer process of R22 in a small horizontal smooth tube with 2.5 mm inside diameter. Conclusions can be drawn that the quality corresponding to the pressure gradient peak value of small tubes became higher than that of large tubes. The effect of quality to pressure drop becomes weak as the mass flux increases. The experiment data were compared with the predicated values of the state-of-the-art correlations from the open literature. The comparisons between the data and the predictions indicate that most of the state-of-the-art correlations fails to predict the experimental data.Chisholm model shows a relatively better predictive ability than the other empirical correlations although it has a mean deviation of 26.7%. But the predicated values of Chisholm model are lower by 50% than the experimental data when the quality becomes larger.     

INFLUENCE OF REFRIGERANT DISTRIBUTION ON HEAT TRANSFER IN EVAPORATORS

Invaporcompressionrefrigerationsystem ,adryexpansionevaporatorwithlargecoolingcapacityisusu allydividedintoseveralparallelcoilstoenhancetheheattransferanddecreasethepressuredrop .Itishelpfulthattherefrigerantvapourandliquidaremixedhomoge neouslyinadistributorinstalledattheinletoftheevap oratorandthendistributedintoevaporatorcoilsequally .Inpractice ,however ,theinadequatedesignandmanu factureofdistributorsalwayscauseinsufficientmixingandunequaldistributionoftherefrigerant.Inthiscasethethermost…     

Effect of Header Configuration on Refrigerant Distribution in Parallel Flow Microchannel Evaporators

The refrigerant flow distribution in the parallel flow microchannel evaporators is experimentally investigated to study the effect of header configuration.Six different configurations are tested in the same evaporator by installing insertion device and partition plate in the header to ensure the consistency of the other structure parameters.The results show that the uniformity of refrigerant flow distribution and the heat transfer rate are greatly improved by reducing the sectional area of header.The heat transfer rate can increase by 67.93% by reducing the sectional area of both inlet and outlet headers.The uniformity of refrigerant flow distribution and the heat transfer rate become worse after installing the partition plate in the insertion devices and changing the inner structure of the header further.     

A New Experimental Rig of Testing Flow Boiling Heat Transfer of Refrigerant and Lubricant Mixture

This paper proposed a new experimental rig of testing flow boiling heat transfer of refrigerant and lubricant oil mixture. The quantity of oil in the test section can be controlled and regulated conveniently and accurately by connecting separate lubricant oil circuit with test section in parallel. It was built up by retrofitting a multiple air-conditioner and installing three oil-separators in serials at the compressor outlet. And so the lubricant oil in the discharged refrigerant gas of compressor can be removed completely. The refrigerant flow rate through test section can be bypassed by the by-path circuit of indoor unit. This experimental rig has advantages such as on-line and continuous oil injection, short time of obtaining stability, flexible operation, simple control, which lead to high efficiency in the research of flow boiling heat transfer of refrigerant and lubricant oil mixture.     

回热器对跨临界CO2热泵系统性能的影响

为了研究跨临界CO2热泵热水系统中,回热器传热面积对系统性能的影响,在不同的制冷剂充注量条件下实验研究了CO2热泵系统的性能.实验中,通过调节变频压缩机频率与电子膨胀阀开启度,保持了一定的制热量与蒸发器出口过热度.实验结果表明:在最佳制冷剂充注量条件下,随着回热器传热面积的增加,压缩机的压缩比下降,排气温度与吸气温度上升.采用回热器可以提高系统的最大制热系数,当回热器的无量纲传热面积为0.2时,可使最大制热系数提高约3.2%～5.1%.     

Experimental Study on Heat Transfer Enhancement of Natural Circulation Liquid Cooling System for Electronic Component

NomenclatureH :height of condenser above the evaporatorlevel( m)h:heightof FC- 72 filled in the testloop( m)q:heat flux based on projected surface area( W/cm2 )q CHF:critical heat flux( W/cm2 )Tc:cooling water temperature(°C)Ts:saturation temperature(°C)Tw:wall temperature(°C)ΔTsat:wall superheat( K)ΔTsub:liquid subcooling( K)W:flow rate of FC- 72 ( g/min)z:height of liquid in the downcomer( m)IntroductionDirect or indirect liquid cooling with phase-change by use of dielectric liq…     

过程参数描述的等壁温平行平板间层流对流换热特性

传热过程中的过程参数为傅立叶定律定义的热通量.对等壁温平行平板间层流对流换热进行过程参数描述,揭示了壁面上和流体内部流动速度和速度梯度对对流换热的贡献.结果表明:如果把传热过程以过程参数进行描述可以获得对传热的深刻表述和理解.     

Determination of interfacial heat flux of stainless steel solidification on copper substrate during the first 0.2 s

Interfacial heat transfer is a key issue in many solidification processes. In the paper, a novel experimental apparatus has been designed and on this basis, the instantaneous interfacial heat transfer between molten steel or solidified shell and copper substrate during the first 0.2 s has been studied. The investigated parameters include melt superheat, substrate temperature and surface roughness. The results show that the peak value of the interfacial heat flux in the first stage of liquid/solid contact increases with melt superheat and changes slightly with substrate temperature and surface roughness. The interfacial heat flux in the stage of solid/solid contact has a similar trend of slow decrease in most conditions.     

不同计算方法所得扁管直翅换热器翅片肋效率的比较

采用数值计算方法对翅片管管片式换热器的肋效率进行了计算和分析,研究扁管肋片厚度、导热系数等因素对肋效率的影响,得出翅片管管片在局部换热系数和平均换热系数下,肋效率的对比分析.     

高大建筑空间采暖方式的分析

从传热机理出发，对高大建筑空间的采暖方式进行分析，指出各种采暖方式的优缺点，并着重介绍了横向热风幕分层采暖方式的数值模拟和现场实测结果，说明在高大厂房中采用该采暖方式可获得较高的热舒适性。     

Calculation of Temperature Field During Laser Transformation Hardening of Cylindrical Bodies

IntroductionLaserTransformationhardeningtechniquehasbeensuccessfullyusedinindustryformanyyears.AlotsoftheoreticalworkshasbeendoneforheatflowduringthelasertfansformationhardeningofflatworkPieces["].Cyindricalbodiesarewidelyusedinindustrysuchaslocomotivecrankshaft,steelrollervalyeseat,enginecyinder.IftheschcesoftheseworkPiecesaretreatedbylasertheirwearresistancewiIIimProvealot.UptillnowmanyexPerimentalworkshasbeendoneforlasertransformationhardeningofcyindricalbodies,butfewtheoreticalworkshav…     

船用空心电抗器温度场研究

建立了空心电抗器磁场-电路-流场-温度场的耦合计算模型。通过该模型可以计算得到磁场、电感和电流以及空心电抗器的气流场和温度场分布。以一种空心电抗器为例,将温度计算值与实测值作了比较。结果表明,该方法具有较高的计算准确度,能够满足工程设计的要求。     

基于桁梁实桥试验的钢管混凝土界面传力机制

为分析钢管混凝土桁梁桥的承载性能和钢-混凝土组合作用机理,进行了桁梁上、下弦钢管混凝土界面传力行为实桥试验和全桥板壳-实体有限元参数分析;以主跨71 m的简支半穿式钢桁梁桥为依托,沿其上、下弦杆节间长度范围内共布设102个应变测点,测试并分析了加载车作用下钢管轴向应变分布和钢-混凝土界面传力特征;采用ABAQUS软件建立了试验桥板壳-实体有限元模型,经实测挠度与应变数据验证模型的可靠性后,进行了界面连接状态、界面抗剪刚度、钢管厚度、管内混凝土强度等对钢管混凝土界面传力性能的参数影响分析。分析结果表明:钢管轴向应变分布规律可反映钢管混凝土界面传力的基本特征;钢管混凝土桁架上、下弦杆节点区域均出现界面剪力不均匀分布现象,钢-混凝土界面有效传力范围内钢管轴向应变呈负指数函数分布,其他区域钢管轴向应变保持不变;完全脱黏的钢管混凝土桁架弦杆的钢管轴向应变在节点一定范围内呈二次抛物线函数分布;钢管轴向应变因界面连接状态所表现出的不同应变分布规律和剪力传递长度可用于评价钢管混凝土组合作用强弱和界面工作状态;桁架弦杆的剪力传递长度随钢管厚度和管内混凝土强度的增加而增大,钢管厚度的影响更显著;在钢管混凝土桁架弦杆内设置抗剪连接件可缩短剪力传递长度。      

船舶空调系统回收柴油机缸套水余热的可行性研究

在对船舶柴油机余热应用分析的基础上,提出船舶空调系统有效回收柴油机缸套水余热的观点,利用缸套水余热给船舶空调进风进行制热或制冷,以实现船舶节能的目的。空调制热工况下,柴油机缸套水余热经过圆形翅片管换热器来加热空调进风;制冷工况下,缸套冷却水作为低温热源加热来自工质泵的低沸点制冷剂,采用蒸汽喷射式制冷来实现新风的制冷。     

蒸发式冷凝器的设计

蒸发式冷凝器利用冷却水蒸发时的汽化潜热来吸收制冷剂的热量,所以耗水量低,它的耗水量约为水冷工的１／２５￣１／５０,必须得到广泛的应用。由于蒸发式冷凝器的传热过程中同时存在着热交换与质交换,所以计算比较复杂,而且方法较多也不一致,介绍了一种简单实用的带预冷器的蒸发式冷凝器的设计方法,此法可用于常规蒸发式冷凝器的设计计算。     

高速机车制动温升对轴盘配合的影响

利用ANSYS建立了高速机车轴盘制动装置热量传递模型,计算了接触面热阻、间隙导热系数和表面传热系数,研究了其温度场分布特性,分析了制动生热对轴盘制动装置过盈配合的影响。计算结果表明:合理的制动盘和盘毂间隙能增大热阻,减小温度对过盈配合的影响,在结构允许范围内,建议合理的设计单边间隙为0.5~1.5mm;制动结束时刻,选择合理的盘毂厚度可使过盈面平均接触压力减小5.9%~6.6%,以降低温度对过盈配合的影响,建议盘毂合理厚度为8mm。     

抗滑桩在路堑边坡治理中的应用分析

以向家坡路堑边坡治理工程为例,结合该边坡实际情况,采用传递系数法,将此边坡分成5条滑块并对其下滑推力和安全系数进行了计算.计算结果表明:天然状态下此边坡不会产生滑坡,而在滑坡土体饱和的状态下,该边坡稳定性迅速降低,极易产生滑坡等地质灾害.根据传递系数法所获得的结果,对饱和状态下此边坡在有、无抗滑桩防护状态两种工况下的滑坡情况进行了数值模拟.抗滑桩能够有效地减小边坡的水平位移、阻止边坡下滑、提高边坡稳定性.