基于有限元法的升船机卷筒结构稳定性校验分析

针对升船机卷筒体工况及结构特点,提出模态、屈曲建模及校验的卷筒结构稳定性研究路线。首先以经验参照法分析卷筒结构的稳定性指标,引出与工程实际的矛盾,进而基于有限元法校验多工况卷筒的刚度强度;其次以整体模态理论、屈曲分析理论为依据,推导出模态分析、屈曲分析的数学模型;最后基于有限元法开展卷筒结构的整体模态运算分析,采用外载荷单位化的施加方法,开展卷筒结构的有限元特征值屈曲运算分析。校验出升船机卷筒结构的设计参数满足工程稳定性要求。     

损伤引起加筋板结构屈曲性态变异研究

将损伤力学的相关原理引入到船舶常用加筋板结构的稳定性分析中,建立含损伤结构稳定的有限元分析模型。通过引入损伤位置、损伤程度和损伤面积三个独立的损伤参数来描述结构的受损状况,并分别分析它们的变化对结构临界屈曲载荷和屈曲模态产生的影响。对加筋板结构在各种载荷条件下的屈曲行为作了探讨,并通过对典型算例的数值模拟研究了不同损伤状况和不同屈曲模式下结构稳定特征的变异。     

300ft自升式平台极限工况强度评估

为了评估自升式平台极限工 况下的强度问题,采用有限元分析方法,基于ABS自升式平台结构规范,考虑平台工作载荷、风浪流等环境载荷、P-△效应等,应用谱分析方法确定设计波、设计载荷及设计工况,对平台的桩腿及主体结构进行了强度评估.通过对300 ft自升式平台的有限元分析计算表明:平台整体均满足屈服强度要求,高应力发生在桩腿与平台主体连接处;平台满足整体屈曲稳定性要求,独立构件的局部屈曲发生在桩腿与平台主体连接处.由此,连接部位是平台设计、强度评估需重点关注的.     

大开口双层板架模型屈曲失效简化方法研究

本文开展了含大开口结构的双层板架模型轴向受压稳定性实验,采用非线性有限元软件ABAQUS,建立了甲板大开口双层板架模型,开展了该模型在轴向压缩载荷作用下的屈曲失效过程的数值计算分析,数值计算结果和试验吻合较好。在此基础上,根据甲板结构屈曲失效诱因,将双层板架模型简化为单层板架局部模型,并分析了简化模型在轴向载荷作用下的屈曲破坏路径与极限承载能力。结果表明,简化后的加筋板模型能有效模拟双层板架模型的失效模式,为大开口甲板板架稳定性分析提供了新思路。     

特征载荷下海工管状结构屈曲临界载荷分析

圆柱形管状结构在海洋工程领域中应用较多,在进行结构设计时,需重点关注其侧向受载时的屈曲强度问题。通过理论分析和数值模拟,对比研究径向线性载荷变化下圆柱壳的屈曲行为,以经典的Donnell壳体理论为基础,得到圆柱壳的屈曲控制方程,并通过本征值分析方法得到结构屈曲的临界条件。采用有限元软件ABAQUS对线性变化径压下圆柱壳的屈曲进行数值仿真。分析得出径厚比是径向线性分布载荷下圆柱壳屈曲临界载荷的主要影响因素,三角形径压下屈曲临界载荷值约为均布径压下屈曲临界载荷值的2倍。     

基于材料非线性海上风力发电机塔架屈曲分析

塔架结构是海上风力发电机组的支撑结构,其设计水平直接影响设备的安全性和经济性。风力发电机组塔架高度多在90 m～110 m,作为典型的细长薄壳圆柱结构,屈曲稳定性为塔架设计的主要限制条件。通过有限元数值模拟LBA/MNA分析方法,对海上风力发电机组塔架设备临界屈曲载荷进行计算和分析。通过与EN1993-1-6中基于薄膜应力理论的传统工程算法对比表明：由于塔架的材料非线性特性存在,基于有限元的数值模拟屈曲分析方法结果比传统的工程算法更接近于实际情况,且经济性较优,可为塔架结构的屈曲优化提供方向。     

蛋形水下耐压壳的屈曲行为研究

针对蛋形水下耐压壳结构的稳定性开展数值模拟研究,给出蛋形壳体的几何建模方法,基于Abaqus有限元仿真软件获得蛋形壳体的屈曲临界载荷和屈曲模态,并与Mushtri方程的理论结果进行对比研究,验证仿真模型的精确性。同时,为提高蛋形壳体的稳定性,提出一种加筋结构,研究加筋方式和加筋厚度等因素对壳体稳定性的影响规律,结果显示加筋结构对壳体的稳定性有显著增强效果,其中,环向加筋比纵向加筋效果更为明显,但加筋体厚度影响较小。分析还发现,壳体自身厚度对屈曲特征量的影响最大。     

登船栈桥圆筒体屈曲分析

为研究登船栈桥圆筒体的屈曲性能,对圆筒体进行有限元屈曲分析,并对比屈曲理论分析、特征值屈曲分析和非线性屈曲分析的临界载荷计算结果,验证圆筒体结构的可靠性。研究加筋对圆筒体屈曲的影响,给出圆筒体加筋设计的合理建议。     

基于简化Zig-zag模型的钢聚氨酯夹层板屈曲分析

本文提出一种简化的高阶Zig-zag理论,即面板采用一阶剪切变形理论,芯材采用Reddy高阶剪切变形理论,建立钢聚氨酯夹层板在面内压缩载荷作用下的屈曲分析模型。考虑夹层板作为船舶舱口盖的受力特性,利用Matlab和有限元软件Ansys分别求出在面内压缩载荷作用下的钢聚氨酯夹层板的屈曲临界载荷,理论解与仿真值吻合度较高并分析几何参数对结构稳定性的影响。研究结果表明,在考虑结构重量的前提下,增加芯材即聚氨酯的厚度能较好的提高结构的稳性。     

复杂载荷作用下船体板格屈曲强度计算公式研究

分析复杂载荷作用下船体板格结构屈曲强度的影响因素,基于ANSYS软件APDL模块参数化建模,对这些因素进行相关性分析,排除无关参数,保留有关参数,得到屈曲强度的定性表达式。然后变更有关参数,得到不同的有限元模型,通过计算得到不同模型下的屈曲强度,分析大量数据,最终得到屈曲强度的定量表达式。该公式可以在工程上用于复杂载荷作用下船体板格结构的屈曲评估,具有重要的实用价值。     

Research on the dynamic buckling of a typical deck grillage structure subjected to in-plane impact Load

The dynamic buckling of the main deck grillage would result in the total collapse of the ship hull subjected to a far-filed underwater explosion. This dynamic buckling is mainly due to the dynamic moment of the ship hull when the ship hull experiences a sudden movement under impact load from the explosion. In order to investigate the ultimate strength of a typical deck grillage under quasi-static and dynamic in-plane compressive load, a structure model, in which the real constrained condition of the deck grillage was taken into consideration, was designed and manufactured. The quasi-static ultimate strength and damage mode of the deck grillage under in-plane compressive load was experimentally investigated. The Finite Element Method (FEM) was employed to predict the ultimate strength of the deck grillage subjected to quasi-static in-plane compressive load, and was validated by comparing the results from experimental tests and numerical simulations. In addition, the numerical simulations of dynamic buckling of the same model under in-plane impact load was performed, in which the influences of the load amplitude and the frequency of dynamic impact load, as well as the initial stress and deflection induced by wave load on the ultimate strength and failure mode were investigated. The results show that the dynamic buckling mode is quite different from the failure mode of the structure subjected to quasi-static in-plane compressive load. The displacements of deck edge in the vertical direction and the axial displacements are getting larger with the decrease of impact frequency. Besides, it is found that the dynamic buckling strength roughly linearly decreased with the increase of initial proportion of the static ultimate strength P₀. The conclusions drawn from the researches of this paper would help better designing of the ship structure under impact loads.     

薄腹板T型梁的稳定分析

通过薄腹板T梁的稳定性理论分析,推导出列车运营荷载作用下梁整体稳定极限承载力和腹板屈曲的极限承载力,并利用ANSYS对24m高强度混凝土T型梁进行了有限元分析。     

Effect of pitting corrosion on local strength of hold frames of bulk carriers (2nd Report)—Lateral-distortional buckling and local face buckling

Pitting corrosion is typical corrosion observed on coated hold frames of bulk carriers which exclusively carry coal and iron ore. In order to secure the safety of these types of bulk carriers, it is important to understand the effect of pitting corrosion on local strength of hold frames.

In order to investigate this effect, a series of 4- and 3-point bend tests on structural models which consist of web, shell and face plates has been carried out. Artificial pitting was created on the web plate to simulate pitting. In the 4-point bend tests, two equal concentrated loads have been applied vertically at the one-third points of simply supported models so that compression load due to bending would act on the face plate. In this testing condition, lateral-distortional buckling occurred before reaching the ultimate strength and local buckling of the face plate was observed after reaching the ultimate strength. The effect of web plate pitting on the lateral-distortional buckling strength was found to be small but the ultimate strength decreases with increase in the degree of pitting intensity. In the 3-point bend tests, concentrated load has been applied vertically at the center of simply supported models so that compression load due to bending would act on the face plate. In this testing condition, local face buckling occurred just after reaching the ultimate strength. The ultimate strength is found to be decreasing with increase in the degree of pitting intensity.

A series of non-linear FE analyses has been performed to simulate the deformation behavior observed in the tests. It has been revealed that even in the case of randomly distributed pitting corrosion the ultimate strength of the structural models was almost the same as that of the structural models with uniform corrosion corresponding to the average thickness loss.     

超大型矿砂船舱口盖载荷的局部强度分析

介绍了一艘超大型矿砂船在施加舱口盖载荷工况下,对相关的横向强框结构局部强度进行解析法分析。通过有限元法对强框处屈服、屈曲强度进行分析评估和理论验证。对比了国际船级社协会(IACS)《船舶结构强度》统一要求第21条(URS21)规定的舱口盖载荷均布施加于舱口围和实际集中载荷的四种不同工况下的结果 ,依据结果进行了结构合理加强。其分析结果与加强方案对超大型矿砂船局部强度分析具有一定的参考价值。     

中国首个集装箱全自动化堆场

高矮轨道吊(RMG)接力式全自动化无人装卸系统是一种最新的集装箱堆场装卸工艺和技术。在 集装箱堆场的一条作业装卸线上,配置一高一矮2台 RMG,它们通过地面转接平台进行接力式作业,高型 RMG 负 责堆箱区集装箱的装卸,矮型 RMG 仅对集卡进行装卸,解决了无人操作的轨道吊对集卡对位难的难题。装卸流程 全部为自动化操作,提高了集装箱堆场的作业效率。     

深海钛合金压力容器在静水压力作用下的弹塑性分析

利用MSC.Marc Mentat 2005通用有限元软件对深海探测用压力容器受静水压力作用时的弹塑性失稳问题进行了计算与分析,弹性失稳数值计算的结果与用现有规范计算公式所得结果一致,均大于塑性失稳数值分析时的临界载荷。由此得出结论,对于厚壁且形状复杂的压力容器的失稳计算,用理论公式或仅用厚壳单元的弹性失稳分析是不够的,应该用3维立体单元的弹塑性失稳计算才能给出比较精确的强度预测。MSC.Marc Mentat2005强大的计算和仿真功能有效地模拟了深海精密探测容器受静水压力作用时的弹塑性失稳问题,为深海精密探测容器在材料、外观等方面做进一步的设计改进提供了可靠的工具。     

喷水推进船转弯过程中柴油机负荷变化规律的研究

建立了喷水推进船转弯过程推进系统的数学模型,研究了转弯过程中柴油机负荷的变化规律.这些规律包括:从直航过程到转弯过程柴油机负荷的变化;直航过程到转弯过程柴油机负荷的增幅随初始航速的变化规律;转弯过程中内侧泵、外侧泵对应的柴油机负荷变化的比较;分别用回转轨迹内侧泵和外侧泵转弯时柴油机负荷变化的比较.研究表明,喷水推进船转弯过程中柴油机的负荷变化幅度不大,一般不会超负荷;在选择转弯操纵策略时应把重点放在防止喷泵进入空泡穴蚀区的研究上.     

船舶开孔梁局部屈曲的无网格MLPG分析方法

[目的]针对船舶开孔梁板易产生局部屈曲效应、受到较高的集中载荷作用会产生明显的结构响应和屈曲破坏力的问题,提出采用无网格数值方法对该类问题进行数值分析。[方法]首先,以问题域离散节点为基础建立其紧支函数,运用加权余量法建立系统位移场离散方程,并由移动最小二乘法构造离散节点的形函数,以获得位移函数的逼近函数;然后,结合经简化的屈曲评估法,将屈曲方程特征值求解进行降阶处理,得到更为精确的屈曲载荷因子;最后,进行算例演示,比较所提方法和传统计算方法并进行验证。[结果]结果显示,所提方法有效,其结果与原结构有着更高的契合度。[结论]针对开孔板梁的无网格法数值分析特性可为分析各种形状的蜂窝状板梁结构提供一种新的思路。     

基于改进的屈曲模态阵型的锥形连续柱体结构屈曲分析（英文）

Elastic critical buckling load of a column depends on various parameters, such as boundary conditions, material, and crosssection geometry. The main purpose of this work is to present a new method for investigating the buckling load of tapered columns subjected to axial force. The proposed method is based on modified buckling mode shape of tapered structure and perturbation theory. The mode shape of the damaged structure can be expressed as a linear combination of mode shapes of the intact structure. Variations in length in piecewise form can be positive or negative. The method can be used for single-span and continuous columns. Comparison of results with those of finite element and Timoshenko methods shows the high accuracy and efficiency of the proposed method for detecting buckling load.