无船承运人若干法律问题浅析

本文简单介绍了无船承运人的涵义,并基于《海商法》和《国际海运条例》的规定和从协调二者关系的角度,阐述了无船承运人签发提单的性质和效力,是否享有海商法第51条所规定的免责和是否享有海事责任限制等几个问题,期望能够起到抛砖引玉的作用.     

船舶世博安检管理的若干问题

根据宁波海事局在世博试运行日的检查情况,对目前船舶存在的100余项安全缺陷进行统计分析,同时也将检查中的一些做法,以及在现场监督管理中遇到的一些不足和困难进行分析,以达到更好的检查效果,为世博盛会保驾护航。     

船舶抵押权登记中的若干法律问题研究

文中结合《物权法》,对船舶抵押权登记的法律性质、法律效力以及登记对抗制等问题进行了分析,澄清了对船舶抵押登记相关法律问题的不确定性认识。     

从港口的代际功能看港口功能的发展

从港口的代际划分及其功能,介绍了各代港口的主要内涵特征。结合系统的观点,为配合现代物流的发展,提出未来港口的功能定位应予关注的几点做法。     

建造中船舶抵押权相关法律问题探析

建造中船舶抵押权制度对解决现实中船舶建造企业融资贷款担保难的问题有着重要意义。要设置起完善的建造中船舶抵押权制度,必须明白建造中船舶的含义、所有权归属、建造中船舶抵押权的性质及其登记,而这些问题都是特殊而富有争议的问题,国内也少有学者对这一问题进行关注。由于缺少应有的理论成果支持以及现有法律规定的不尽完善,国内实践中也少有能够利用建造中船舶设置抵押来进行融资的。因而,对建造中船舶的含义、所有权归属问题以及抵押权的性质和登记问题进行研究是富有理论和现实意义的。     

从法律上处理船舶肇事逃逸行为的难点分析

文中通过对渔船A被撞沉没后肇事船舶逃逸案件调查,分析了肇事逃逸案件的特点及原因,并提出了相关建议,旨在加强我国海上肇事逃逸追查工作。     

船舶签证中使用可擦笔的法律问题探讨

文中分析探讨部分行政相对人在不同阶段、不同情形下使用可擦笔的法律后果和执法中的困境,并提出了相应的解决机制。     

The ports of the Russian Far East: a management strategy

The recent breakupof the former Soviet Union and the Russian Republic's movement towards a market economy wil require a considerable improvement and expansion of present port facilities in order to handle increasing cargo throughputs effectively. The Russian Far East is expected to increase trade dramatically through imports of foreign goods, exors of natural resources from Siberia and container traffic traversing teh Trans-Siberian landbridge. The ports of the region will be competing with each other to atract foreing investment and to increase central government assistance in order to facilitate development. This article examines;(1) the more important ports of the Far East and the problems they face as they compete to atract investment; (2) the establishment of a Regional Port Authority as a possible management alternative; (3)advantages of a Port Authority in developing the region' ports and fostering future growth. By analysing these data, a management and development strategy can be formulated for the optimum utilization of present resources and the benefi of reginal modernization and development.     

建造中船舶抵押权相关法律问题探析(续)

建造中船舶抵押权制度对解决现实中船舶建造企业融资贷款担保难的问题有着重要意义。要设置起完善的建造中船舶抵押权制度,必须明白建造中船舶的含义、所有权归属、建造中船舶抵押权的性质及其登记,而这些问题都是特殊而富有争议的问题,国内也少有学者对这一问题进行关注。由于缺少应有的理论成果支持以及现有法律规定的不尽完善,国内实践中也少有能够利用建造中船舶设置抵押来进行融资的。因而,对建造中船舶的含义、所有权归属问题以及抵押权的性质和登记问题进行研究是富有理论和现实意义的。     

The response of the legal system to technological innovation in aquaculture: A comparative study of mariculture legislation in California,Florida and Maine

This article examines salt‐water aquaculture (mariculture) legislation in California, Florida, and Maine, as illustrative of one generic response of the law to aquacultural innovation. Unlike aquacultural legislation in other states, generally drafted to restrict leasing of coastal waters for specific existing technologies, the legislation studied represents a more flexible approach which would accommodate new technologies. Analysis of specific provisions of the three laws indicates the complexity of the issues involved and a variety of mechanisms selected for regulating mariculture, and identifies different state priorities and goals. This report concludes that whereas broadly drafted legislation exemplified by the statutes under study is more likely to accommodate new mariculture technologies than piecemeal legislation, there are a number of complex issues that must be identified and resolved in order to achieve the desired results. The failure of each of the states to respond fully to the broad range of issues involved may inhibit aquacultural innovation or unduly restrict nonaquacultural uses of the coastal zone.     

VTS监督过失行为渎职风险法律问题探讨

文中依托刑法学和行政法学理论,就我国VTS在监管和服务双重功能定位的语境下,VTS监督过失责任风险问题,以＂行为人的主观方面＂为切入点,以是否具备＂刑法上的因果关系＂为分析点,结合大陆法系＂信赖原则＂等理论,分别就VTS监督过失的三种形式：脱岗失职、建议失误、疏忽监控是否具有渎职刑罚责难性做详细探讨。     

Efficiency in Nigerian ports: handling imprecise data with a two-stage fuzzy approach

This article is focused on assessing the efficiency of six major Nigerian ports from 2007 to 2013 by applying a two-stage fuzzy-based methodology adequate to handle imprecise data. More precisely, fuzzy data envelopment analysis models for traditional assumptions with respect to scale returns are employed to assess the productivity of Nigerian ports over the course of time. In the second stage, fuzzy regressions based on different rule-based systems are used to predict the relationship of a set of contextual variables on port efficiency. These contextual variables are related to different aspects of port service level, berth utilization, accessibility, cargo type, and operator type. The results reveal the impact of operator and cargo type on efficiency levels. Policy implications for Nigerian ports are derived.     

Concepts of strategic commercial location: the case of container ports

A World that shrinks with progressive improvements in transportation and communications is a fact of 20th century life. The shrinking process can produce new patterns and perceptions of strategic location. In this paper we are looking specifically at nodes in transportaion system. In the ligth of transportation progress, we re-consider some of the time-worn ideas about centrality, accessibility, gateway locaations, junction, transit points, and the like. Do some of these notions become irrelevant in the modern transport age? Is it a questions f shifting geographical scale? Do we need more sophisticated concepts of strategic location? We suggest the answer 'yes' to all three questions. Our illustrations come from an examination of the world's top-ranked container ports. We give primary emphasis to the external geographical relationships of the ports, that is to situational aspects (not to say, however, that sitefeatures are inconsequetial). We are interested in the seaports users' —i.e., carriers and shippers—perceptions of strategic location. Readily available container throughput data provide and initial platform for empirical research but also give proof that some commercial interests find these ports strategically important to their system.     

Small ports in Northern Ireland: A method of study

This paper discusses the strategies which might be adopted by port authorities, given that modern port technologies have considerably limited the scope for competition. It therefore analyses the several forms of competition relevant to ports, any or all of which may apply in any given instance.

It describes the 'minimalist strategy, which consists of recognizing that public sector bodies have many faults, may make many mistakes and that well-intentioned attempts to rectify faults in the private sector may make matters worse. Second, it describes the ‘pragmatic’ strategy, which involves establishing committees to examine problems and to recommend actions, if they can reach a consensus. Third, it describes the ‘public sector’ strategy, which involves the port authority taking over all port functions. Finally, it describes the ‘competitive’ strategy, which involves a careful reproduction of the circumstances of competition, even though there may be room for only one efficiently-sized operator at a time. Franchising, or short-term leasing on any of a variety of competitive bases, so as to produce serial competition is described. Each of these strategies is presented as having its own advantages and disadvantages, and each may be suitable to particular circumstances.     

美国东海岸港口扩建忙

1月,美国市长会议在华盛顿召开.北卡罗来纳州查尔斯顿市市长乔·瑞利获得了向奥巴马总统进言的宝贵机会.市长有备而来,打算提出自己最重视的问题:查尔斯顿港的挖掘工作.     

Extended gate operations at the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach: a preliminary assessment

The paper examines the implementation of extended gate operations at the Los Angeles/Long Beach ports. The programme, known as PierPASS, assesses a Traffic Mitigation Fee (TMF) on eligible containers moved into and out of the ports during peak hours. The fees are intended to defray the costs of extended operations at the ports.

In this paper we focus on the implementation of the programme and its outcomes over a year of operation. We discuss the motivations and actions of key stakeholders and place our examination in the institutional framework of the goods movement supply chain. Our results are based primarily on a series of extended interviews with stakeholders, together with data provided by PierPASS and by three drayage trucker surveys. We find that the PierPASS programme was a response by terminal operators and steamship companies to growing political pressure. Given their market power within the supply chain, they were able to create a programme that protected their interests yet responded to political imperative. The PierPASS programme has been a success: the peak fee has shifted a significant share of cargo to evenings and weekends, as intended. Winners and losers of PierPASS reflect the larger structure of the international supply chain.     

中国港口腾飞中的尴尬

2003年是我国港口业实现腾飞的一年。这一年,我国主要港口完成货物吞吐量26亿吨,同比增长16.9%,亿吨大港也增至8个。同时,我国港口集装箱吞吐量跃居世界首位。其中上海港、深圳港双双突破1000万标箱,分别跃升为世界集装箱大港的第三、第四位。在经济飞速发展的大背景下,中国港口业的腾飞势不可挡。 然而,居安思危。在2004年全国交通工作会议上,交通部部长张春贤提出,我国当前港口吞吐量已超过港口设计能力,部分港口存在着超负荷运作现象,应谨防历史上“压船、压港”的状况重现。显然,在我国经济迅速发展的同时,基础设施建设的相对滞后已无法满足巨大的市场需求。而对于港口吞吐量的逐年递增,也颇有些尴尬。应该说,腾飞中的中国港口业,既让人兴奋,又令人担忧。