船舶艏柱结构型式探讨

本文分析了国内目前船舶艏柱常用的结构型式在建造中存在的问题,从阻力、建造之实际出发,设想了一种新型结构型式的T型材艏柱.     

集装箱船球鼻艏改装工艺

文章主要介绍型线优化后的船舶静水力性能变化和球鼻艏内部结构形式,并从生产工艺方面介绍了球鼻艏的整体拆装,从而达到缩短改装周期,快速、高效完成球鼻艏置换的目的。     

球鼻艏换新工程的质量控制工作

对于集装箱船和滚装船的球鼻艏换新工程,新球鼻艏的线型是否能够满足型线图的要求、球鼻艏外板及其与船体艏部外板的过渡是否光顺,是考核该项工程建造质量的重要因素之一,而对球鼻艏线型的控制又是该项工程的一个难点。文章分析了新球鼻艏分段建造中产生线型不光顺的各种因素,并根据新分段建造中各阶段的具体情况提出了适当的控制方法。     

基于CFD的金枪鱼延绳钓渔船球鼻艏形状研究

以49.5 m金枪鱼延绳钓渔船为研究对象,为了得到具有较好阻力性能的球鼻艏,首先设计撞角型球鼻艏,通过CFD方法得到撞角型球鼻艏渔船的阻力性能并与模型试验结果进行比较,两者吻合较好;然后通过改变球艏的伸出长度、形心浸深和体积为该船设计水滴型和S-V上翘型球鼻艏,对水滴型和S-V上翘型球鼻艏形式的船体阻力性能进行数值模拟。通过比较三种不同球鼻艏形式下船体的阻力性能,结果显示:该型延绳钓渔船使用撞角型球鼻艏具有较好的减阻效果。     

特种材料球鼻艏抗冲击特性数值研究

为探讨球鼻艏结构的抗冲击性能,采用数值手段对典型球鼻艏结构进行一体化建模,基于Abaqus的声固耦合法模拟水下非接触爆炸载荷与球鼻艏结构的相互作用,提取设计工况下的球鼻艏典型部位的冲击响应结果。结果表明：钛合金材料极大提高了球鼻艏结构的局部抗冲击性能,但在遭受水下非接触爆炸载荷时,仍出现了明显的塑性变形;球鼻艏底部钢结构由于采用纵横肘板进行支持,具有优异的安全性;随着冲击因子的增加,球鼻艏结构的应力近似呈线性增长,而塑性应变曲线随着冲击因子的增加呈指数曲线增加。     

艏柱样箱生成及艏柱包板展开

以三维空间的计算方法，对设计万能样箱程序的思路作了介绍，并结合图形，对艏柱样箱及艏柱包板展开，进行分析与描述。     

球鼻艏制造设计放样新工艺的应用

本文以某型舰玻璃钢式球鼻艏结构制造首次实现数控编程放样为例，对运用TRIBON与HD-SHM船体系统结合起来建立完整球鼻艏线型，编程放样，确立新放样工艺提供装配作业指导作了阐述。     

艏柱放样展开成形工艺

本文介绍的艏柱放样、展开和成形工艺，是为小型船厂改进船型外观、提高艏柱成形装配质量的一种简便的操作方法。     

船体艏部水动力性能优化

提出一种以势流兴波阻力理论Rankine源方法为基础,结合SHIPFLOW软件为计算工具,利用CAD-CFD集成平台FRIENDSHIP-Framework软件进行变形优化,研究船舶的最小兴波阻力型线优化设计的方法,并考察了兴波优化得到的船型总阻力变化情况。在型线优化过程中,以兴波阻力系数为目标函数,排水量变化范围为约束条件,在Wigley船体前端增加一个利用Feature建模技术参数化生成的球艏并调整艏部型线使得船体表面光顺。选取球鼻艏形状的各项参数作为基本设计变量,利用DOE方法对船艏进行优化,获得了设计航速下兴波阻力较小的船型,验证了所提方法进行船艏型线优化的有效性。相应的考察变形及优化前后总阻力变化情况表明:在高傅汝德数情况下增加球艏所带来的粘性阻力的增加小于兴波阻力的减小量,总阻力得到了改善,优化后得到的球艏能在进一步减小兴波的同时减小总阻力。此外,还运用所提方法对3100TEU船型的船艏,利用Delta Shift方法进行变形,在设计航速下,将变形的参数作为设计变量,利用DOE方法进行优化设计。结果显示:在排水量限制范围内当球鼻艏向上向前伸展一定长度时可以降低兴波阻力。与此同时,由于优化前后船体湿表面积变化很小,粘性阻力的变化并不明显,兴波的减小则使得总阻力得到了改善。     

基于CFD和伴流场优化的肥大型船球鼻艏数值选型研究

在某肥大型船母型船的基础上设计了几种球鼻艏外形方案,基于CFD技术预报了母性船桨盘面处的伴流分布,通过与试验结果的对比分析,检验了数值预报方法的适用性,在此基础上采用该方法预报了不同球鼻艏方案的桨盘面处的轴向伴流,并使用WOF方法来衡量不同球鼻艏方案对应的轴向伴流均匀情况,通过对比分析得到一种伴流分布相对较好的球鼻艏方案.     

LPC快艇加装声呐球鼻模型阻力试验

对LPC快艇加装声呐球鼻艏船进行模型阻力试验,设计了适合此快艇加装声呐球鼻艏的5种方案.试验得到5种方案的19种状态的船模试验基本参数,在换算成实船后得到实船总阻力曲线图、实船有效功率曲线图和实船剩余阻力曲线图.船模阻力试验结果表明,加装此5种球鼻后,船模总阻力增加都较小,且在设计航速上仍有较好的耐波性和稳定性,综合船...     

舰艇新型球鼻首结构设计探索

从材料选型入手对舰艇新型球鼻首的结构设计进行探索,研究结构和声学性能要求,提出性能优良的球鼻首结构方案,以备新型舰艇球鼻首的实际建造和后续发展.     

基于CATIA二次开发的球首参数化设计

为实现在船舶型线设计中快速生成船舶球首,以船舶球首为研究对象,通过定义控制球首形状的纵向边界线、横向边界线、横剖面形状,设置相关控制参数,以CATIA为开发平台,VB为开发工具,对其进行二次开发,编制球首参数化设计程序,迅速地生成球首三维模型。     

撞角球鼻艏形式和参数变化对阻力影响的研究

通过数值计算及模型试验确定了撞角球鼻艏形式和参数对阻力的影响。针对3个形式各异的球鼻艏方案,开展了CFD计算和模型试验,结果显示:当傅汝德数为0.28时,撞角球鼻艏的剩余阻力系数比无球鼻艏的剩余阻力系数约小20%。以8个主要参数各异的撞角球鼻艏方案为对象,采用CFD技术分析了撞角球鼻艏的参数变化对兴波阻力的影响,并确定了撞角球鼻艏的宽度比和纵向长度比对兴波阻力系数的影响。     

基于BP网络的球鼻首参数化优化

本文以某集装箱船为研究对象,对降速航行后的球鼻首进行优化。采用Catia建立船体三维模型,为了产生不同形状的球鼻首,选取球鼻特征参数来描述其基本结构;采用拉丁超立方试验抽样方法得到12组不同形状的球鼻首,提出运用非线性拟合能力较强的BP网络构建球鼻首参数和阻力系数之间的关系模型;采用遗传算法对训练后的网络进行极值寻优。结果显示,优化船型的阻力系数显著降低,说明该方法对球鼻首的优化有一定的借鉴意义。     

一种实用船型设计方法

介绍船型设计中对兴波阻力影响最大的两个因素--横剖面面积曲线和球鼻首的设计方法.20年间,结合实用船型的特点,采用该方法研发出一种对中高速船行之有效的船型设计程序,并先后对四种具有完全不同尾型的实用船型进行优化设计,即1984年完成的球首长轴套新船型、1988年完成的球首蜗尾新船型、1992年完成的球首双尾新船型、2002年完成的球首常规尾沿海客滚船新船型,都取得了良好的消波、减阻与节能效果.在设计航速下,与各自的对比船型相比较,四种新船型均大幅度减小兴波阻力,减小剩余阻力20%以上,节省有效功率分别为16.2%、5.5%、5.8%、10.3%.     

Geometric modelling of bulbous bows with the use of non-uniform rational B-spline surfaces

Nowadays, bulbous bow forms have become a common design feature in most conventional ship designs. The design of a bulbous bow is usually attempted with the use of certain form parameters that are imposed using the designer's experience or regression values that provide the optimum parameters based on experimental tests or computational fluid dynamics (CFD) calculations. In this article, the geometric modelling of a bulbous bow form that complies with a series of parameters is presented. First, a wire model was constructed with cubic B-spline curves that hold certain form parameters that the designer wants to impose. Second, a B-spline surface that fits these splines was mathematically constructed. A review of the influence of the design parameters used on the bulbous bow properties was made. This method could be used prior to numerical optimization of a bulbous bow because different variations of the design can be easily generated. These variations can be tested numerically using CFD software. A practical application example of the method is shown.     

Design of offshore structures against accidental ship collisions

In this paper, we investigate the damage to offshore platforms subjected to ship collisions. The considered scenarios are bow and stern impacts against the column of a floating platform and against the jacket legs and braces. The effect of the ship–platform interaction on the distribution of damage is studied by modeling both structures using nonlinear shell finite elements. A supply vessel of 7500-ton displacement with bulbous bow is modeled. A comprehensive numerical analysis program is conducted, and the primary findings are described herein. The collision forces from the vessel are compared with the suggested force–deformation curves in the NORSOK code. For collisions with floating platforms we particularly focus on the crushing behavior and potential penetration of the bulbous bow and stern sections into the cargo tanks or void spaces of semi-submersible platforms. For fixed jacket platforms we investigate whether jacket braces can penetrate into the ship without being subjected to significant plastic bending or local denting.Adequate treatment of the relative strength between the interacting bodies is especially relevant for impacts with high levels of available kinetic energy, for which shared energy or strength design is aimed at. Simplifying one body as rigid quickly leads to overly conservative and/or costly solutions, and is in some cases non-conservative.The numerical analysis is used to develop a novel pressure–area relation for the deformation of the bulbous bow and stern corners of the supply vessel. Procedures for strength design of the stiffened panels are discussed. Refined methods and criteria are proposed for strength design of platforms, including both floating and jacket structures. The adequacy of the NORSOK design guidance for collisions against jacket legs is evaluated. The characteristic strength of a cylindrical column is used to develop a novel criterion for the resistance to local denting from stern corners and bulbous bows.     

基于FRIENDSHIP的球艏参数化实现方法

在分析球艏形状特征参数、特征曲线和曲面生成的基础上,介绍以Feature、Curve engine和Metasurface为特征机制的球艏参数化方法和实现过程。生成的曲面模型光顺、精度高,可满足工程的需要。     

A study on collision buffer characteristic of sharp entrance angle bow structure

SEA-Arrow (sharp entrance angle bow like an arrow) has no protrusion of the bulbous bow to reduce bow waves and has a transverse stiffening system in the narrow bow space to apply the buffer bow concept. This system has lower longitudinal stiffness than a conventional longitudinal stiffening system and therefore has buffer characteristic in ship-to-ship collision. A comparative collision study of SEA-Arrow and the conventional bulbous bow was conducted using elasto-plastic finite element analysis. A collision scenario where the striking ship hits the side shell of tanker midship perpendicularly was selected. The results showed that the buffer bow characteristic of SEA-Arrow is superior to that of the conventional bulbous bow, since much more energy is dissipated by the plastic deformation of striking and struck ships until the inner shell of struck ship ruptures.