基于切口应力强度理论的横向角接焊接接头的疲劳强度评估（英文）

在焊接接头处,由于几何的不连续造成了局部的应力集中,对其疲劳强度评估的研究是十分必要的。文章提出采用奇异强度(as)来计算接头处的几何应力,并基于N-SIF方法分析了不同几何尺寸下十字接头的疲劳强度。结果表明该修正公式可以十分简便地评估出焊接接头处的疲劳强度。     

基于IIW准则的焊接接头多轴疲劳强度评估

多轴疲劳失效是焊接结构的主要失效模式之一。本文基于IIW多轴疲劳准则,结合切口应力法,采用1mm与0.3mm两种虚拟半径,对当前比例加载与非比例加载下的多轴疲劳实验数据进行了对比研究,结果表明：较之于名义应力法,两种虚拟半径下的切口应力系统数据点分散带 从1:3.06分别降至1:2.01与1:2.15,虚拟半径取0.3mm在多轴疲劳分析中是可行的;两种虚拟半径下的实验数据点分布均与厚度相关。在此基础上,本文在1mm与0.3mm两种虚拟半径基础上引入了0.5mm的虚拟半径,针对不同板厚引入不同虚拟半径进行有限元分析,数据点分散带 进一步降至1:1.78,拟合得到存活率PS=97.7%的S-N曲线,其斜率m为5.7,疲劳等级FAT为500MPa。     

等效热点应力法结合临界面法评估焊接接头多轴疲劳强度研究

基于焊缝本身引起的非线性分布应力自平衡的性质,在板厚方向应力峰值零点位置定义等效热点应力,结合基于临界面法的MWCM法建立评估复杂焊接接头多轴疲劳强度的方法。采用数值计算分析零点位置的变化规律,建立零点位置拟合方程。利用公开发表的试验数据以及现有的热点应力法有限元计算结果对等效热点应力法进行精度验证。结果表明,等效热点应力法和现有的热点应力法具有很好的一致性,能在一定程度上考虑厚度效应对疲劳强度的影响,可以评估多轴疲劳强度。     

基于切口应力强度理论的横向角接焊接接头的疲劳强度评估

在焊接接头处,由于几何的不连续造成了局部的应力集中,对其疲劳强度评估的研究是十分必要的。文章提出采用奇异强度（as）来计算接头处的几何应力,并基于N-SIF方法分析了不同几何尺寸下十字接头的疲劳强度。结果表明该修正公式可以十分简便地评估出焊接接头处的疲劳强度。     

摩洛哥大西洋沿岸的波能评估（英文）

The aim of the present work is to assess the offshore wave energy potential along the Atlantic coast of Morocco. Research works of this paper focus on the identification of the most energetic sites for wave energy converters(WECs) deployment. For this purpose, 11 sites have been explored; all of them are located at more than 40 m depth on the Moroccan Atlantic coast. The wave power at each site is computed on the basis of wave data records in terms of significant wave height and energy period provided by the Wave Watch three(WW3) model. Results indicate that the coast sites located between latitudes 30° 30′ N and 33° N are the most energetic with an annual average wave power estimated at about 30 kW· m~(-1), whereas, in the other sites, the wave power is significantly lower. Moreover, the study of the monthly and seasonal temporal variability is found to be uniform in the powerful sites with values four times greater in winter than in summer. The directional investigation on the significant wave height has shown that for almost all the powerful sites, the incoming waves have a dominant sector ranging between Northern(N) and Western-Northern-Western(WNW) directions.     

提高人字闸门焊接接头疲劳强度的探讨

高水头的人字闸门,在运行中出现焊接接头早期疲劳裂纹的现象应引起重视。文章从选材、结构设计、焊接设计和焊接施工等方面提出了一些提高焊接接头疲劳强度的建议。     

利用一种改进的模态应变能法诊断海洋平台结构的损伤（英文）

The development of robust damage detection methods for offshore structures is crucial to prevent catastrophes caused by structural failures. In this research, we developed an Improved Modal Strain Energy(IMSE) method for detecting damage in offshore platform structures based on a traditional modal strain energy method(the Stubbs index method). The most significant difference from the Stubbs index method was the application of modal frequencies. The goal was to improve the robustness of the traditional method. To demonstrate the effectiveness and practicality of the proposed IMSE method, both numerical and experimental studies were conducted for different damage scenarios using a jacket platform structure. The results demonstrated the effectiveness of the IMSE method in damage location when only limited, spatially incomplete, and noise-polluted modal data is available. Comparative studies showed that the IMSE index outperformed the Stubbs index and exhibited stronger robustness, confirming the superiority of the proposed approach.     

基于残余应力释放的FPSO典型焊接接头的疲劳强度修正公式

由于浮式生产储油卸油船(FPSO)等船舶结构在服役前常常经历过较大的静载荷,这个预载荷常常会使焊接接头处较高的残余应力产生释放,同时船舶结构还承受着不断变化的波浪载荷,所以在估算FPSO等船舶结构典型焊接接头的疲劳强度时,需考虑残余应力释放的影响.该文通过有限元方法分析了在任意变幅循环载荷下,疲劳热点处的残余应力释放的规律,归纳出残余应力释放的大小与初始残余应力和外载荷之间的关系公式.然后,利用此公式对改进的疲劳估算公式进行修正,并且利用修正后的公式估算不同预载荷下典型焊接接头的疲劳强度,结果与试验结果棚符合.利用修正的改进公式可以更合理地对典型焊接接头在任意变幅循环载荷下的疲劳强度进行设计,同时也合理地解释了疲劳试验中以往不能被理解的结果.     

基于设计波法的超大型集装箱船疲劳强度评估

基于BV规范中的疲劳强度计算评估方法,论述了设计波法的基本原理,给出了确定设计波载荷的基本流程和疲劳累计损伤组合计算的方法,并据此对某超大型集装箱船的重点位置结构进行疲劳强度的计算分析与评估。     

基于CFD粒子法的波能转换装置水动力模拟（英文）

Wave energy from the ocean is currently a very popular renewable energy, and its development has primarily focused on the shape of the wave energy converter(WEC) used to efficiently convert wave energy into electrical energy. However, the free surface ocean wave problem is very complex and the parameters affecting WEC behavior are difficult to understand. In this paper, based on the Lattice-Boltzmann method, we present particle-based CFD simulation results for the pivoted-type WEC that exhibits both vertical and horizontal motions. In this method, the computation domain need not be a mesh and complex geometry is not a limiting factor. Using a free-surface turbulence model, we simulated the fluid-structure interaction. We detail our simulation results, which show good agreement with those in the literature.     

基于船体直接强度评估的可靠性分析（英文）

A method of reliability analysis based on a direct strength calculation employing the von Mises stress failure criterion is presented here. The short term strain distributions of ship hull structural components are identified through the statistical analysis of the wave-induced strain history and the long term distributions by the weighted summation of the short term strain distributions. The wave-induced long term strain distribution is combined with the still water strain. The extreme strain distribution of the response strain is obtained by statistical analysis of the combined strains. The limit state function of the reliability analysis is based on the von Mises stress failure criterion, including the related uncertainties due to the quality of the material and model uncertainty. The reliability index is calculated using FORM and sensitivity analysis of each variable that has effects on the reliability is also discussed.     

典型焊接接头固有应变的影响因素研究

基于热弹塑性有限元法采用多线性各向同性强化原则对船级钢T型接头的焊接过程进行了数值模拟,重点研究分析热输入量、焊接速度及焊脚长对固有变形的影响.从T型接头的固有应变数值分析与实验结果对比可以得到:当热输入量一致,数值计算的温度场和角变形与试验结果基本一致;角变形随着焊接速度和焊脚长增大,先增大后减小;横向收缩与纵向收缩率则有着不同的比例关系。     

FPSO典型焊接接头残余应力释放及其对疲劳强度的影响

为了在估算结构疲劳强度时计及残余应力释放的作用,合理地解释在以往焊接接头疲劳试验中不能解释的试验结果,借助三维弹塑性有限元法,研究了FPSO典型焊接接头在任意变幅循环载荷作用下的残余应力释放规律,建立了在任意变幅循环载荷作用下残余应力释放大小与残余应力和外载荷大小之间的计算公式,从而定量地分析了残余应力的释放,提高了疲劳强度估算的准确性和可靠性。     

残余应力对水下耐压结构典型焊接接头疲劳强度的影响

水下耐压结构典型焊接接头模型常采用高强度钢建造,对焊接残余应力较为敏感,因此有必要针对残余应力对其疲劳强度的影响进行相关研究。采用ANSYS的APDL语言编程,通过数值模拟分析得到典型焊接接头的焊接残余应力;并基于局部应力—应变法,对水下耐压结构典型焊接接头考虑与不考虑残余应力这2种情况下结构的疲劳寿命进行数值分析。研究发现:典型焊接接头在凹锥面焊缝附近其残余应力最大,寿命最短;其寿命周期为104,属低周疲劳范围;随着外载荷的增加,疲劳寿命最小值也随之减小;残余应力的存在会明显降低典型焊接接头的疲劳寿命。     

基于少量测点的水下辐射噪声评估模型（英文）

文章针对复杂结构的水下辐射噪声实时评估问题,提出了一套基于工况传递路径法的线谱条件下理论模型,在确保辐射噪声评估准确性的同时,减少了传感器的使用数量。模型与工况分类相结合,提高了辐射噪声的评估精度。之后对该模型进行了数值仿真和湖上试验验证,结果表明,提出的模型简单有效。频段辐射噪声评估误差小于2 dB,多数线谱峰值频率处误差小于2.5 dB。该研究对船舶噪声评估具有参考意义。     

焊接参数对十字型接头焊缝根部和焊趾有效缺口应力的影响（英文）

Cruciform joints in ships are prone to fatigue damage and the determination of type of weld plays a significant role in the fatigue design of the joint.In this paper,the effect of weld geometry on fatigue failure of load carrying cruciform joints in ships is investigated using Effective Notch Stress(ENS) approach.A fictitious notch of 1 mm radius is introduced at the weld root and toe and fatigue stress is evaluated.The effect of weld leg length(l) and weld penetration depth(p) on ENS at weld ro...     

基于矩阵法的船用压力容器焊接接头硬度分析

采用矩阵法对40 mm厚的Q345R船用压力容器钢材的多焊道焊接接头进行维氏硬度测试,根据测试得到的硬度值绘制等值云图。分析结果表明,该方法可弥补标线法测试点不足带来的局限性,能清晰、直观地反映整个焊接接头的硬度值,对了解其力学性能和改进焊接工艺有一定的参考价值。此外,对各不同硬度值的区域进行显微组织分析,发现硬度值与显微组织有一定的关系,间接体现焊接工艺对材料的微观影响;对硬度值特征点进行分析,可看出对焊接的表面进行热处理能明显提高焊接质量。     

基于固有应变法的大型圆筒焊接变形预测

本文使用热弹塑性有限元法对圆筒多道焊固有应变规律进行研究,总结纵向固有应变系数规律,并用于计算大型圆筒构件多道焊焊接变形,与实测值相符。