超大型集装箱船安全管理和操作的探讨

随着集装箱船的大型化和超大型化,对超大型集装箱船的设计和安全管理上发生了较大变化,本文针对超大型集装箱船所呈现的特点,结合以往的管理实践,从超大型船舶发生的事故、船舶特点、操纵特性、设备的操作和人员配置进行了分析和阐述,为超大型集装箱船的安全管理提供参考。     

超大型集装箱船载重量的设计方法研究

超大型集装箱船的设计发展经历了由高速到降速、由窄体到宽体、由低载重量到高载箱量等一系列变化。通过对典型超大型集装箱船的船型数据分析,得到适用于超大型集装箱船载重量的设计及评价方法,为提升超大型集装箱船研发设计工作的快速性和前瞻性提供参考。     

超大型集装箱船的设计优化

本文以大连船舶重工集团有限公司自主研发设计的一系列集装箱船为基础,分析了超大型集装箱船的总体性能和结构特性及航线和货物特点,阐述了与总体性能、分舱、结构设计、集装箱布置和营运安全管理等有关的设计改进建议和优化措施,期望通过设计改进得到性能全面优化的超大型集装箱船。     

20000TEU集装箱船电力系统设计

根据20000TEU超大型集装箱船中压电力系统的特点及电站容量的配置,从技术性和经济性方面阐述电压等级选择的依据。介绍20000TEU中压配电网络架构、功率管理系统控制功能、中性点接地保护方式和继电保护系统保护功能。针对超大型集装箱船"双岛"型结构,提出在低压配电系统中采用区域化分布式供电和交叉供电的方案。对超大型集装箱船中压配电网络架构的发展方向进行分析,为今后超大型集装箱船的电力系统设计提供参考。     

超大型集装箱船的结构设计

近年来,集装箱船的大型化趋势日益明显。MARIC积极研发符合市场需求的超大型集装箱船,在2013年成功获得了18000TEU超大型集装箱船的实船设计任务。并以此船为实例阐述了集装箱船超大型化后给结构设计带来的挑战。介绍了一种利用全船有限元直接加载规范载荷校核合成应力的计算方法,通过加集中力来拟合船体梁所受到的弯矩、扭矩包络线。与薄壁梁理论相比,该方法的合成应力计算结果更精确,有利于优化设计。在超大型集装箱船的舱段有限元与全船有限元分析中,规范的垂向波浪弯矩值往往比实际值小,这时需要采用直接载荷预报的垂向波浪弯矩值进行分析。超大型集装箱船的航速较高,显著的艏部外飘,并且一阶固有频率比常规船型低,容易引起颤振(whipping)和弹振(springing)。应用水弹性分析,探讨了颤振和弹振对于超大型集装箱船结构的极限强度和疲劳强度的影响。     

超大型集装箱船螺旋桨设计研究

以一艘超大型集装箱船螺旋桨设计研究为基础，介绍超大型集装箱船螺旋桨设计的关键问题及设计思路。给出了两个方案设计桨的参数及桨模敞水试验、空泡试验结果，并与数值计算结果进行比较，提出了超大型集装箱船螺旋桨设计应注意的问题和解决方法，供设计者参考。     

超大型集装箱船的研发与应用

载箱量达到和超过10000TEU的超大型集装箱船目前已成为船运界与造船业关注的焦点。介绍10000TEU和12500TEU超大型集装箱船的基本设计，超大型集装箱船推进方式的选用和存在问题。探讨超大型集装箱船的应用前景。     

超大型集装箱船的技术及市场展望

分析了集装箱船舶大型化发展趋势，以及集装箱运输链的各环节因素对开发超大型集装箱船的影响；设计上重点对超大型集装箱船推进的各种备选方案进行了分析论述。     

超大型集装箱船的技术及市场展望

分析了集装箱船舶大型化发展趋势，以及集装箱运输链的各环节因素对开发超大型集装箱船的影响；设计上重点对超大型集装箱船推进的各种备选方案进行了分析论述。     

浅谈超大型集装箱船舶在港内的操纵

集装箱船的大型化,对驾引人员提出更高的安全要求和挑战。阐述了超大型集装箱船的操纵特点,分析了风和流对超大型集装箱船的影响。详细介绍了超大型集装箱船在港内的靠、离泊操作,尤其是急流和大风浪时的靠、离泊作业和操作体会。     

大型集装箱船弹振和颤振研究简

随着集装箱船尺度的迅猛增大,弹振和颤振已成为大型集装箱船设计中需要重点关注的问题。从船舶运动和波浪砰击的角度出发,对大型集装箱船弹振和颤振的计算方法和模型试验进行了研究。研究表明,弹振和颤振对大型集装箱船体的结构强度和极限强度都有重要影响,在恶劣海况下,弹振和颤振对船体的影响甚至已经超过波浪对船体的影响。     

Containerization and the decline of the upstream urban port in Europe

This paper examines the impact of containerization on upstream urban ports in Europe, briefly discusses the changing socio-economic role of such ports,and considers whether the few remaining upstream urban ports currently still attracting large containerships can continue to do so in the long-term. Citing the trend towards larger containerships, the analysis concludes by offering the view that continued investment in container-handling infrastructure within traditional upstream urban ports may be a flawed policy. Such ports are becoming outmoded (for the largest containerships), superseded by more appropriate custom-built infrastructure at coastal locations.     

A regression and beam theory based approach for fatigue assessment of containership structures including bending and torsion contributions

Container shipping has been expanding dramatically during the last decade. Due to their special structural characteristics, such as the wide breadth and large hatch openings, horizontal bending and torsion play an important role to the fatigue safety of containerships. In this study the fatigue contributions from vertical bending, horizontal bending and torsion are investigated using full-scale measurements of strain records on two containerships. Further, these contributions are compared to results from direct calculations where a nonlinear 3D panel method is used to compute wave loads in time domain. It is concluded that both bending and torsion have significant impacts on the fatigue assessment of containerships. The stresses caused by these loads could be correctly computed by full-ship finite element analysis. However, this requires large computational effort, since for fatigue assessment purposes the FE analysis needs to be carried out for all encountered sea states and operational conditions with sufficient time steps for each condition. In this paper, a new procedure is proposed to run the structure finite element analysis under only one sea condition for only a few time steps. Then, these results are used to obtain a relationship between wave loads and structural stresses through a linear regression analysis. This relation can be further used to compute stresses for arbitrary sea states and operational conditions using the computed wave loads (bending and torsion moments) as input. Based on this proposed method for structure stress analysis, an efficient procedure is formulated and found to be in very good agreement with the full-ship finite element analysis. In addition it is several orders of magnitude more time efficient for fatigue assessment of containership structures.     

节能型集装箱船型研究

分析了目前较热门的宽体8800TEU集装箱船的订单及设计现状,探讨了在节能型集装箱船型设计中的参数选择时考虑的因素,以及在设计中采用的节能技术,展望了节能型集装箱船的市场前景。     

现代大型集装箱船的动力装置

针对当前集装箱船大型化的发展趋势,讨论了其对推进主机的要求,分析了提高柴油机功率的途径及目前柴油机及附属设备改进的主要措施。     

由订单看集装箱船发展趋势

介绍了当前世界集装箱船船队现状和订单情况,以及集装箱船大型化的发展历程.根据订单情况分析了目前集装箱船队的热门船型和特点,以及其成为主流船型的原因.同时,分析了在提高装箱系数、高速装卸、环保和低维护成本方面的集装箱船设计趋势.     

On board measurement of stresses and deflections of a Post-Panamax containership and its feedback to rational design

One of the most important points in structural design of containerships is the strength of hatch corners. Formerly, hatch corners used to be assessed by combining the component induced by hull girder vertical bending and the component induced by hull girder torsion. In the design of new generation containerships without deck girders, the effect of cross deck fore-aft deflection has also become prominent.Another point is the impact of structural displacement on the deck fittings. About new generation ships, large fore-aft deflection of cross decks raised the new problem of interference of hatch covers, lashing bridges and other deck fittings.To cope with such problems, comprehensive analysis has been carried out during the design stage of a Post-Panamax containership. In parallel with this analysis, on-board measurement had been conducted for 3 years after delivery, in order to confirm wide varieties of structural reaction of a large container ship in seaways. Procedure to derive components of stress and deformations from selected measurement points was developed, and actual values were calculated based on actual measurement.From long-term prediction of each component, it was found that design assumption was in general appropriate. However, regarding the fore-aft deflection of cross deck strip, actual stack load is generally much smaller than the design value, and the resulting predicted extreme value was much smaller than design assumption. This factor should be taken into account in the design stage.Regarding the correlation between hull girder vertical bending and fore-aft deflection of cross deck strip, design assumption of full combination is too conservative. From the measurement, no explicit correlation was observed. Regarding the correlation between hull girder vertical bending and wave induced torsion, design assumption of no correlation was appropriate. From these results, new formulae to combine these three deflection modes were proposed.Whipping was observed in the measured data, indicating that more careful attention should be paid to avoid large stress concentration in deck area to enhance fatigue strength.     

有限航区敞口集装箱船的载重线核定与总体设计

从敞口集装箱船的险情-安全措施分析出发,介绍了核定此类船舶载重线的要素,以及根据有限航区的特点,在国际海事组织《敞口集装箱暂行指南》对无限航区敞口集装箱船载重线核定要求的基础上,导出对有限航区敞口集装箱船的相应要求,提出了关于有限航区敞口集装箱船设计应考虑的若干问题。     

集装箱安全系固新要求

为给参与甲板集装箱系固操作的人员提供安全的工作环境,国际海事组织（IMO）推出集装箱安全系固的新要求,包含安全通道布置、照明布置、系固设备设计、系固人员培训及系固操作与维护程序等内容。该要求的实施将给集装箱船的设计建造带来一定的影响。基于此,对集装箱安全系固的新要求进行介绍,并对集装箱设计及布置中影响最大的安全通道的内容进行详细分析。以实际在建的集装箱船为例,验证新要求实施后带来的影响。在充分实施新要求以保障操作人员安全的前提下,提出对船舶布置的优化设计建议。     

基于混沌优化的港口集装箱运输网络优化

随着集装箱船舶大型化的发展,航运公司势必会尽可能的选择科学、合理的航线,以实现大型集装箱船的规模效益,降低单箱运输成本,从而获得更大的效益。这样集装箱港口出现了枢纽港与支线港的分离。本文以体现大型集装箱船的规模效益为前提,尝试将混沌优化这一理论应用到港口运输网络的优化中,寻找合理的港口集装箱运输线路及服务频率,为我国港口集装箱运输提供决策依据。