半潜式钻井船典型节点疲劳可靠性分析

由于半潜式钻井船结构及其受力条件复杂,该文用SESAM软件对某钻井船进行了整体三维有限元计算,得到特定浪向和相位下结构的最大应力幅响应.以整体有限元计算结果作为载荷边界条件,用NASTRAN软件对钻井船上的一些典型管节点进行了局部有限元分析,得到节点的热点应力.在此基础上根据DNV和CCS规范对节点疲劳寿命进行了计算并对几个危险节点进行了可靠性分析和裂纹扩展寿命计算.     

某型调距桨装置桨毂强度有限元分析研究

对某型调距桨桨毂机构进行有限元建模,在最大持续功率(MCR)工况下进行仿真分析,并把重要零件的应力与传统理论计算结果进行了分析比较.结合传统的理论计算,分析结果可为桨毂机构工程设计、结构优化提供更好的依据.     

Test of extensively damaged hybrid ship hull

A hybrid ship hull model made with a steel truss and composite sandwich panels was tested and analyzed with the goal of gaining insight into how well this structural concept holds up after major damage. One of the ideas of the concept was to mount the sandwich panels to the steel truss such that they can be blown out in a controlled fashion to ventilate a large internal blast. The hull should be designed to have sufficient strength for the ship to reach a port safely even after such extensive damage. A 6-m model of such a hybrid ship hull, consisting of a stainless steel truss and 60 composite sandwich panels, was manufactured and mechanically tested. A number of panels were then removed one by one and the hull was retested to the design load after each panel had been removed. The removed panels simulated major damage. After nine panels had been removed, from all the different areas of the hull, it could still carry the design load, although with considerable nonreversible deformations of the hull girder. The hull was eventually loaded to final failure, which occurred at 25% above the design load.     

Understanding ship-grounding events

The paper presents a simple procedure to estimate the damage to a ship bottom and the associated seabed topology that results from a dynamic grounding event. The seabed is modeled as a rigid body and parameterized by a quadratic surface, i.e., a paraboloid, which can in principle model a wide range of seabed topologies. A nonlinear finite element program (LS-DYNA) is used to simulate the contact force versus the lateral penetration, from which the horizontal force component of powered grounding is estimated. The simplified procedure for analyzing dynamic and static grounding events is outlined. Simulations are performed for different ship speeds and for different initial levels of obstruction over the keel. It is shown that a static approach may replace the dynamic grounding simulation, thereby considerably reducing the computational work. The static approach allows for the quick estimation of the energy absorption during powered grounding, which is imperative for decision making during critical situations. The ultimate goal of the study is to provide a near real-time prediction of the risk of rupture of the cargo tanks and hull girder failure. Moreover, the residual strength of damaged ships is an important issue that is related to operations involved in the salvage of wrecked vessels, such as re-floatation and towing.     

调距桨桨毂机构与轴系系统的抗冲击有限元分析

针对某型调距桨桨毂机构建立有限元模型,考虑将瞬时冲击作用等效为静力载荷,以惯性力的形式施加于桨毂机构上,并基于模态叠加的思想,求解等效静力载荷,进而获得该阶次模态下桨毂机构各构件的应力响应结果,最终计算调距桨机构中螺栓连接件的等效冲击应力。     

基于有限元方法的调距桨桨毂机构强度分析

对受推力、扭力、离心力和螺栓受预紧力联合作用下的某型舰船调距桨完整机构各部件的静强度进行有限元仿真分析;基于ANSYS 12.0软件,考虑完整部件的三维模型以及装配接触关系,对桨毂机构各部件进行有限元建模。有限元分析结果与理论计算和试验结果的对比验证表明,在完整模型和复杂工况下,基于应力应变准则,重点针对如叶根螺栓、曲柄盘和桨毂体等主要受力部件进行分析,更符合实际工程需要。     

调距桨桨毂机构静强度的有限元仿真分析

文章对受推力、扭力、扭矩、离心力和螺栓预紧力联合作用下的某型舰船调距桨桨毂机构静强度进行有限元仿真分析。基于ANSYS 12.0软件平台,考虑桨毂部件几何结构及零件间装配接触关系,对桨毂机构整体及零件进行全六面体和六面体与四面体混合有限元建模,研究了桨毂中各零件在正常工况相互作用下的应力大小及分布。重点针对叶根螺栓的实际结构,采用六面体网格分析螺栓有无螺纹区别,证明螺纹的几何特征在强度校核中不能忽略。     

船舶上层建筑整体吊装强度有限元分析

利用MSC.Nastran软件对105000DWT油船上层建筑吊装前(A甲板的围壁约束)以及整吊两种工况下结构在自重作用下的响应进行了有限元分析,合成得到了吊装引起的上层建筑的结构响应.计算分析表明文中提出的吊装方案可行,结构响应满足强度要求.通过有限元计算分析得到的有关结论可用于指导大型上层建筑吊装方案的设计及优化;根据结构响应的特点可提出合理有效的结构加强措施,保证整体吊装的顺利完成.     

集装箱船舱口角隅应力集中系数的有限元分析的精度

集装箱船舱口角隅的应力集中是船舶结构强度的一个重要问题。随着有限元技术的发展，目前舱口角隅的应力集中系数大都可以通过有限元计算直接获得。由于有限元分析过程中存在着大量不确定性，通过控制其有限元分析各个步骤的质量来保证有限元分析的精度，已经成为一个重要的研究方向。本文利用现有有限元分析软件（ABAQUS），通过对不同模型简化方法的讨论，给出了正确计算舱口角隅结构应力集中系数的模型简化方法，并在此基础上讨论了网格尺度对应力集中系数的影响。     

钢板桩码头施工过程受力分析

运用大型有限元软件建立三维有限元模型,模拟钢板桩码头施工过程中板桩的桩身侧向位移、桩身土压力以及桩身弯矩的变化规律,从而了解施工过程中钢板桩的受力情况。研究结果表明：随着抛填施工的进行,板桩墙的侧向位移逐渐增大,呈两头小、中间大的侧移趋势;板桩墙侧土压力沿深度方向均呈缓慢的增大趋势,最大土压力为激活板桩墙及后侧回填土工序墙底部的152.1 kPa;板桩墙由于上端受拉杆约束、下端受土体嵌固作用,弯矩大体呈“S”。     

考虑船舶影响的升船机结构动力特性

运用ANSYS有限元软件建立了包含塔柱、承船厢、水体、船舶、提升系统等构件的大型垂直升船机整体模型,计算分析了升船机结构的动力特性。计算结果表明:横荡、扭转、纵荡是承船厢结构低阶主要振型。厢内有船会降低承船厢系统的自振频率,其有船与无船工况下横荡自振频率分别为0. 130 9 Hz和0. 280 5 Hz;升船机整体结构低阶特征振型主要包括整体系统的横向摆动、绕竖向的扭转、纵向摆动。承船厢内有无船舶计算得到的同种振型下升船机整体结构的自振频率相差很小,表明船舶对升船机整体结构自振特性的影响不大;承船厢位置的升高会使得升船机整体结构的自振频率降低;承船厢位置的变化对升船机低阶振型影响较大,对高阶振型的影响较小。     

Coarse mesh finite element model for cruise ship global and local vibration analysis

This paper presents a practical procedure for creating finite element (FE) model for vibration analysis of cruise ships. The most preferable FE modelling approaches are studied and discussed through case studies of common ship structures, which cover the range from low to high frequencies. The application of homogenized equivalent single layer (ESL) theory based equivalent element for stiffened panel is extended to local forced vibration analysis, where inertia induced interaction between plate and stiffener occurs. Modal method is used with an energy-based correction for accounting the plate-stiffener interaction into modal properties. Case study results reveal that mesh density of one 4-node element per web frame spacing is suitable for global FE-model when vibration analysis is limited to global hull girder modes. For such modes it is sufficient to only include the membrane stiffness of stiffened panels. For investigating the response at higher frequencies, bending properties of stiffened panel should be included and mesh density should be at least two elements per web frame spacing. Then forced vibration analysis can be performed with an excellent accuracy up to frequencies about one third of the local plate natural frequencies between the stiffeners. Beyond that, the influence of the local plate vibration becomes more significant in panel vibration, making the ESL-theory based element limited. With the applied correction method, the validity of the ESL-model can be extended to approximately two thirds of the local plate natural frequency.     

舰用电子机柜优化设计和动态特性研究

该文利用大型有限元分析软件,对电子设备框架结构及印制板进行了动态特性的研究,并提出了电子设备结构动态特性设计四要点,实验证明,利用有限元进行优化设计和有限元计算,并结合实验分析,不失为结构设计的一种有效手段。     

Influence of external restraint distribution on welding buckling of thin plate butt joint北大核心CSCD

［Objectives］It is easy to produce buckling distortion when welding thin plate butt joints, which affects the construction period, cost and performance, but this can be controlled by applying external restraints. ［Methods ］ First, a butt welding test of a thin plate under external restraints is carried out, and the out-of-plane deformation is measured by the optical surface scanning method. At the same time, finite element (FE) models in a free state and external restraint state are established, and the thermal mechanical phenomena of the two models are subjected to thermal-elastic-plastic FE analysis (TEP FE). The influence of different external restraint distributions on the welding buckling distortion of the joints is then studied, and reasons for controlling welding buckling distortion are analyzed from the perspective of longitudinal plastic strain and longitudinal contraction force.［Results ］ The out-of-plane deformation of the corresponding model is in good agreement with the measured results, and milder than the out-of-plane deformation of the model in a free state. When external restraints are applied, the longitudinal plastic strain of the weld and its adjacent metal decreases, and the longitudinal contraction force of the thin plate also decreases.［Conclusions ］ The results verify that external restraints can effectively control welding buckling distortion, and the control effects are different depending on the external restraint distribution. © 2023 Chinese Journal of Ship Research. All rights reserved.     

Accuracy of nonlinear finite element collapse predictions for submarine pressure hulls with and without artificial corrosion damage

Nonlinear finite element (FE) collapse pressure predictions are compared to experimental results for submarine pressure hull test specimens with and without artificial corrosion and tested to collapse under external hydrostatic pressure. The accuracy of FE models, and their sensitivity to modeling and solution procedures, are investigated by comparing FE simulations of the experiments using two different model generators and three solvers. The standard FE methodology includes the use of quadrilateral shell elements, nonlinear mapping of measured geometric imperfections, and quasi-static incremental analyses including nonlinear material and geometry. The FE models are found to be accurate to approximately 11%, with 95% confidence, regardless of the model generator and solver that is used. Collapse pressure predictions for identical FE models obtained using each of the three solvers agree within 2.8%, indicating that the choice of FE solver does not significantly affect the predicted collapse pressure. The FE predictions are found to be more accurate for corroded than for undamaged models, and neglecting the shell eccentricity that arises due to one-sided shell thinning is found to significantly decrease the resulting accuracy of the FE model.     

船用计程仪极间海水电阻的模拟计算及诊断应用

通过测量电磁式计程仪传感器电极回路电导来对计程仪传感器进行故障诊断是一种经济、方便的新方法。本文使用ANSYS有限元计算传感器电极间海水电阻,并实验验证了计算的准确性。计算表明电极间海水电阻由环境引起的波动一般在65Ω以下,而传感器故障会使导通电阻增大100Ω以上,因此验证了通过测量电极回路电导进行传感器故障诊断是可行的。     

一种海上救援船用伸缩梯的设计与分析

结合海上救援工作的特殊性,综合各种常用伸缩机构的特点,设计了一种专门应用于海上救援船的伸缩梯.并使用UG进行了三维建模,又利用ANSYS workbench进行有限元分析校核其强度.该伸缩梯回缩时最短长度为5 m,完全伸长时总长度为20 m,工作时中间能承受2 t载荷.梯子的主体部分伸缩动作主要通过液压缸和滑轮组实现,起升动作则通过另一支撑液压缸完成.分析结果显示,所设计的梯子能满足海上救援作业的要求.     

腐蚀裂纹损伤下船舶管路抗冲击时变剩余强度研究

舰艇管路系统对冲击载荷作用非常敏感,遭受冲击载荷后通常会引起管路系统应力或变形过大而破坏,而裂纹和腐蚀作为常见的一种损伤缺陷导致结构承载力下降,降低管路系统的使用寿命.因此针对典型管路系统管路段,建立仿真精度较高的典型管路有限元模型,对典型管路系统管抗冲击性能进行分析;根据仿真分析结果,确定管路结构强度的薄弱节点或分段(称之为关键节点或关键结构)作为裂纹扩展的初始点.基于管路系统腐蚀和裂纹的发展规律和有限元计算方法,建立管路系统时变剩余强度预报模型,发展一种分别计及腐蚀、裂纹2种因素作用下,舰艇管路系统在三向冲击载荷作用下剩余强度的计算方法和实现流程.在此基础上,分别研究裂纹损伤、腐蚀损伤在不同服役年限下冲击载荷对舰艇管路时变剩余强度的影响规律.     

基于ABAQUS的载人潜水器观察窗结构蠕变行为分析

[目的]观察窗作为载人潜水器(HOV)人员和结构安全的核心部件,准确计算其长周期载荷作用下的结构蠕变性能极其重要.[方法]首先,基于观察窗树脂玻璃材料(丙烯酸塑料材料)拉伸试件蠕变测试数据结果,通过多参数比较优化方法确定时效硬化蠕变模型的基本参数;然后,通过ABAQUS进行观察窗结构建模,耦合时效硬化模型和结构接触,以...